记录在Linux 系统上定时备份MySQL数据库
1、在代码中添加备份
package org.jeecg.modules.xczxhhr.job;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Slf4j
public class SyncDatabaseBackupJob implements Job {@Overridepublic void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) {String mysqlUser = "root";String mysqlPassword = "你的密码";String dbname = "你的数据库名字";String backupDir = "备份文件存储地址";int expireDays = 15;String backupTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmm").format(new Date());String backupFileName = dbname + "-" + backupTime + ".sql";String[] command = new String[]{"mysqldump", "-u" + mysqlUser, "-B", dbname};ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command);processBuilder.environment().put("MYSQL_PWD", mysqlPassword);File backupFile = new File(backupDir, backupFileName);processBuilder.redirectOutput(backupFile);try {Process process = processBuilder.start();int exitStatus = process.waitFor();if (exitStatus == 0) {// 备份成功，可以继续实现删除过期备份的逻辑log.info("数据库备份成功");cleanupOldBackups(backupDir, expireDays);} else {// 备份失败，可以记录日志或者进行其他处理log.error("数据库备份失败:" + exitStatus);// 输出错误信息BufferedReader errorReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));String line;while ((line = errorReader.readLine()) != null) {log.error(line);}}} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {// 异常处理e.printStackTrace();log.error("备份数据库出现异常：" + e.getMessage());}}private void cleanupOldBackups(String backupDir, int expireDays) {File dir = new File(backupDir);File[] files = dir.listFiles();if (files != null) {for (File file : files) {long diffInMillies = System.currentTimeMillis() - file.lastModified();long diffInDays = TimeUnit.DAYS.convert(diffInMillies, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);if (diffInDays > expireDays) {if (file.delete()) {log.info("已删除旧备份文件:" + file.getName());} else {log.info("未能删除旧备份文件："+ file.getName());}}}}}
}
2、也可以在Linux中执行备份脚本，backup_script.sh，内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
# 设置mysql的登录用户名和密码(根据实际情况填写)
mysqlUser="root"
mysqlPassword="密码"
dbname='数据库名字'# 备份文件存放地址(根据实际情况填写)
backup_dir=/data/depFile/bakdb# 判断目录是不是已经存在，如果不存在则创建
if [ ! -d $backup_dir ]; thenmkdir -p $backup_dir
fi
#===================================
# 是否删除过期数据
expire_backup_delete="ON"
expire_days=15
backup_time=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!"
#===========================================
# 备份指定数据库中数据(此处假设数据库是mysql_backup_test)
mysqldump -u$mysqlUser -p$mysqlPassword -B $dbname >$backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql#删除过期数据
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_dir" != "" ]; then# $(find $backup_dir/ -type f -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf)find $backup_dir/ -type f -mtime +$expire_days -exec rm -f {} \;echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
接下来，你需要设置一个定时任务，让这个脚本在每天凌晨一点执行。你可以使用 cron 来实现这一点。
首先，打开终端并输入以下命令来编辑 crontab 文件：
crontab -e然后，在 crontab 文件中添加以下行来设置定时任务：
0 1 * * * /bin/bash /path/to/your/backup_script.sh在这个例子中，/path/to/your/backup_script.sh 应该替换为你实际的备份脚本所在的路径。
保存并退出编辑器，这样就设置好了定时任务。这个任务将会在每天凌晨一点执行你的备份脚本
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