一、处理AJAX之准备工作：

首先我们创建一个新的工程：

我们将pom.xml复制过来:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.rgf</groupId><artifactId>spring_MVC_helloWorld</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>war</packaging><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties><dependencies><!--SpringMVC--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.3.1</version></dependency><!--日志--><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId><version>1.2.3</version></dependency><!--ServletAPI--><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!--Spring和Thymeleaf整合包--><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId><version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>tools</artifactId><version>1.8.0</version><scope>compile</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

我们进行添加web.xml:

 进行创建web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0"><filter><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><!--自定义编码，处理请求的编码--><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param><!--处理响应的编码--><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><filter><filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><servlet><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

之后我们进行创建springmvc.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><!--扫描控制层组件--><context:component-scan base-package="com.rgf"></context:component-scan><!--配置Thymeleaf视图解析器--><bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"><property name="order" value="1"/><property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/><property name="templateEngine"><!--模板引擎--><bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine"><property name="templateResolver"><!--模板解析器--><bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver"><!--/WEB-INF/templates/index.html--><!--视图前缀+逻辑视图+视图后缀就是我们完整的物理视图，即访问index.html，不用完整路径，即index即可进行访问--><!--视图前缀--><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/><!--视图后缀--><property name="suffix" value=".html"/><property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/><property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" /></bean></property></bean></property></bean><!--开启mvc的注解驱动--><mvc:annotation-driven/><!--配置默认的servlet处理静态资源当前工程的web.xml配置的前端控制器DispatcherServlet的url-pattern是/tomcat的web.xml配置的默认的DefaultServlet的url-pattern也是/此时，浏览器发送的请求会优先被DispatcherServlet进行处理，但是DispatcherServlet无法处理静态资源若配置了<mvc:default-servlet-ha