【SpringMVC】—— 如何配置使用SpringMVC（详细步骤）

引言

使用

1、新建模块

2、导入坐标

3、创建SpringMVC控制器类

4、初始化SpringMVC环境

5、初始化Servlet容器，加载SpringMVC环境

6、配置运行

引言

SpringMVC是一种基于Java实现MVC模型的轻量级Web框架，SpringMVC是表现层(web层)的框架,也是spring框架的一部分，用于表现层功能开发。

使用SpringMVC

1、新建模块

如下

注意：有些人可能出现无src文件的情况，这是因为下载太慢！

如何解决上述问题？引入国内镜像

setting.xml文件替换为以下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"><mirrors><mirror><id>alimaven</id><name>aliyun maven</name><url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf></mirror><mirror><id>uk</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2/</url></mirror><mirror><id>CN</id><name>OSChina Central</name><url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf></mirror><mirror><id>nexus</id><name>internal nexus repository</name><url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf></mirror><!-- junit镜像地址 --><mirror><id>junit</id><name>junit Address/</name><url>http://jcenter.bintray.com/</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf></mirror><mirror><!--This sends everything else to /public --><id>nexus-aliyun</id><mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf><name>Nexus aliyun</name><url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url></mirror><mirror><id>osc</id><mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf><url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url></mirror><mirror><id>repo2</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/</url></mirror><mirror><id>net-cn</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://maven.net.cn/content/groups/public/</url></mirror><mirror><id>ui</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2/</url></mirror><mirror><id>ibiblio</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/maven2/</url></mirror><mirror><id>jboss-public-repository-group</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>JBoss Public Repository Group</name><url>http://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/groups/public</url></mirror><mirror><id>JBossJBPM</id><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf><name>JBossJBPM Repository</name><url>https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url></mirror></mirrors>
</settings>

2、导入坐标

在pom.xml文件中导入springmvc和servlet。

注意刷新maven

  <dependencies><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version></dependency></dependencies>

3、创建SpringMVC控制器类

用于处理请求。

@Controller设定SpringMVC的核心控制器bean，定义为bean

@RequestMapping设置当前控制器方法请求访问路径

@ResponseBody设置当前控制器方法，响应内容为当前返回值，返回给前端

@Controller
public class UserController {@RequestMapping("/save")@ResponseBodypublic String save(){System.out.println("user save ...");return "{'module':'springmvc'}";}
}

4、初始化SpringMVC环境

加载对应的bean

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.spring.controller")
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

5、初始化Servlet容器，加载SpringMVC环境

public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {//加载springMVC容器配置protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);return ctx;}//设置哪写请求归属springMVC处理protected String[] getServletMappings() {return new String[]{"/"};}//加载spring容器配置protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {return null;}

6、配置运行

pom.xml文件需要有以下内容：

配置tomcat，jdk版本为1.8

  <properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.1</version><configuration><port>80</port><path>/</path></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>