第一种代码（失败代码）

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontPropertiesfont_path = '/Users/huangbaixi/Desktop/SimHei.ttf'def plot_demo():#print(mpl.get_cachedir())# 绘制折线图font_prop = FontProperties(fname=font_path)plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = [font_prop.get_name()]plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = Falseyear = [2017, 2018, 2019, 2020]people = [20, 40, 60, 70]# 生成图表plt.plot(year, people)plt.xlabel('年份')plt.ylabel('人口')plt.title('人口增长')# 设置纵坐标刻度plt.yticks([0, 20, 40, 60, 80])# 设置填充选项：参数分别对应横坐标，纵坐标，纵坐标填充起始值，填充颜色plt.fill_between(year, people, 20, color='green')# 显示图表# plt.savefig("./plt.png")plt.show()

这一版代码会出现

findfont: Generic family ‘sans-serif’ not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei

查询发现：

rcParams 有概率失败

第二种方法（指定应用）

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontPropertiesfont_path = '/Users/huangbaixi/Desktop/SimHei.ttf'
font_prop = FontProperties(fname=font_path)def plot_demo():year = [2017, 2018, 2019, 2020]people = [20, 40, 60, 70]plt.plot(year, people)plt.xlabel('年份', fontproperties=font_prop)plt.ylabel('人口', fontproperties=font_prop)plt.title('人口增长', fontproperties=font_prop)plt.yticks([0, 20, 40, 60, 80])plt.fill_between(year, people, 20, color='green')plt.show()plot_demo()

这是成功的。

第三种方法（全局应用）

import matplotlib
# font_path = '/usr/share/fonts/SimHei.ttf'
font_path = '/Users/huangbaixi/Desktop/SimHei.ttf'
# 添加字体路径
matplotlib.font_manager.fontManager.addfont(font_path)# 设置 matplotlib 的全局参数
matplotlib.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 使用 SimHei 字体
matplotlib.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 正常显示负号# 定义绘图函数
def plot_demo():year = [2017, 2018, 2019, 2020]people = [20, 40, 60, 70]plt.plot(year, people)plt.xlabel('年份')plt.ylabel('人口')plt.title('人口增长')plt.yticks([0, 20, 40, 60, 80])plt.fill_between(year, people, 20, color='green')plt.show()

这也是可以的。