Promise系列
promise.all
// 定义
Promise.all = function (promises) {let count = 0;let result = [];return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {for (let i = 0; i < promises.length; i++) {promises[i].then((res) => {count++;result[i] = res;if (count === promises.length) {resolve(result);}}).catch((err) => {reject(err);});}});
};// 验证
Promise.all([new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve(1);}, 1000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {reject(2);}, 2000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve(3);}, 3000);}),
]).then((res) => {console.log(res);}).catch((err) => {console.log(err);});
promise.race
// 定义
Promise.race = function (promises) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {for (let i = 0; i < promises.length; i++) {promises[i].then((res) => {resolve(res);}).catch((res) => {reject(res);});}});
};// 验证
Promise.race([new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve(1);}, 1000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {reject(2);}, 500);}),
]).then((res) => {console.log(res);}).catch((err) => {console.log(err);});
promise.any
// 定义
Promise.any = function (promises) {let count = 0;let result = [];return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {for (let i = 0; i < promises.length; i++) {promises[i].then((res) => {resolve(res);}).catch((err) => {count++;result[i] = err;if (count === promises.length) {reject(result);}});}});
};// 验证
Promise.any([new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve(1);}, 1000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {reject(1);}, 1000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {reject(2);}, 2000);}),new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {reject(2);}, 2000);}),
]).then((res) => {console.log(res);}).catch((err) => {console.log(err);});
Promise除了基本的resolve,reject等方式,还有以上三种常用的方法,是经常在面试中被问到要手写的重点,三者的主要定义和区别是:
Promise.all:
接收一个 Promise 数组,返回一个新的 Promise,在所有输入 Promise 都解决后解决,解决值是一个包含所有 Promise 结果的数组,一旦有一个被reject,则立即返回这个reject的结果。
Promise.race:
接收一个 Promise 数组,返回一个新的 Promise,当任意一个输入 Promise 解决或拒绝时,新 Promise 也相应地解决或拒绝,永远返回最快的一个的结果。
Promise.any:
接收一个 Promise 数组,返回一个新的 Promise,当任意一个输入 Promise 解决时,新 Promise 解决。如果所有 Promise 都拒绝,那么新 Promise 也会拒绝。