目录
50. Pow(x, n)
60. 排列序列
66. 加一
67. 二进制求和
69. x 的平方根
50. Pow(x, n)
实现 pow(x,n),即计算 x 的 n 次幂函数(即x^n)。
示例 1:
输入:x = 2.00000, n = 10 输出:1024.00000
示例 2:
输入:x = 2.10000, n = 3 输出:9.26100
示例 3:
输入:x = 2.00000, n = -2 输出:0.25000 解释:2^(-2) = (1/2)^2 = 1/4 = 0.25
提示:
-100.0 < x < 100.0
-2^31 <= n <= 2^31-1
-10^4 <= x^n <= 10^4
代码1:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:double myPow(double x, int n){if (n == 0)return 1;if (n % 2 == 1){double temp = myPow(x, n / 2);return temp * temp * x;}else if (n % 2 == -1){double temp = myPow(x, n / 2);return temp * temp / x;}else{double temp = myPow(x, n / 2);return temp * temp;}}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.myPow(2.00000, 10) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.10000, 3) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.0000, -2) << endl;return 0;
}
代码2:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:double helper(double x, int n){if (n == 0)return 1.0;double y = helper(x, n / 2);return n % 2 == 0 ? y * y : y * y * x;}double myPow(double x, int n){long long N = static_cast<long long>(n);if (N == 0)return 1;return N > 0 ? helper(x, N) : 1. / helper(x, -N);}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.myPow(2.00000, 10) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.10000, 3) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.0000, -2) << endl;return 0;
}
代码3:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:double myPow(double x, int n){if (n == INT_MIN){double t = dfs(x, -(n / 2));return 1 / t * 1 / t;}else{return n < 0 ? 1 / dfs(x, -n) : dfs(x, n);}}private:double dfs(double x, int n){if (n == 0){return 1;}else if (n == 1){return x;}else{double t = dfs(x, n / 2);return (n % 2) ? (x * t * t) : (t * t);}}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.myPow(2.00000, 10) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.10000, 3) << endl;cout << s.myPow(2.0000, -2) << endl;return 0;
}
输出:
1024
9.261
0.25
60. 排列序列
给出集合 [1,2,3,...,n]
,其所有元素共有 n!
种排列。
按大小顺序列出所有排列情况,并一一标记,当 n = 3
时, 所有排列如下:
"123"
"132"
"213"
"231"
"312"
"321"
给定 n
和 k
,返回第 k
个排列。
示例 1:
输入:n = 3, k = 3 输出:"213"
示例 2:
输入:n = 4, k = 9 输出:"2314"
示例 3:
输入:n = 3, k = 1 输出:"123"
提示:
1 <= n <= 9
1 <= k <= n!
代码1:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:string getPermutation(int n, int k){string ans;vector<bool> st(n + 1);for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){int f = 1;for (int j = n - i; j >= 1; j--)f *= j;for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++){if (!st[j]){if (k <= f){ans += to_string(j);st[j] = 1;break;}k -= f;}}}return ans;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 3) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(4, 9) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 1) << endl;return 0;
}
代码2:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:vector<string> res;string getPermutation(int n, int k){string track;traverse(track, n);return res[k - 1];}void traverse(string &track, int n){if (track.size() == n){res.push_back(track);return;}for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){char c = i + '0';if (find(track.begin(), track.end(), c) != track.end())continue;track.push_back(c);traverse(track, n);track.pop_back();}}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 3) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(4, 9) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 1) << endl;return 0;
}
代码3:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:int th;string ans;string getPermutation(int n, int k){string s;vector<bool> vec(9, false);this->th = 0;backtrack(n, k, s, vec);return ans;}bool backtrack(int n, int k, string &s, vector<bool> &vec){if (s.length() == n){if (++th == k){ans = s;return true;}}for (char c = '1'; c <= '1' + n - 1; c++){if (vec[c - '1'])continue;s.push_back(c);vec[c - '1'] = true;if (backtrack(n, k, s, vec))return true;s.pop_back();vec[c - '1'] = false;}return false;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 3) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(4, 9) << endl;cout << s.getPermutation(3, 1) << endl;return 0;
}
输出:
213
2314
123
66. 加一
给定一个由 整数 组成的 非空 数组所表示的非负整数,在该数的基础上加一。
最高位数字存放在数组的首位, 数组中每个元素只存储单个数字。
你可以假设除了整数 0 之外,这个整数不会以零开头。
示例 1:
输入:digits = [1,2,3] 输出:[1,2,4] 解释:输入数组表示数字 123。
示例 2:
输入:digits = [4,3,2,1] 输出:[4,3,2,2] 解释:输入数组表示数字 4321。
示例 3:
输入:digits = [0] 输出:[1]
提示:
1 <= digits.length <= 100
0 <= digits[i] <= 9
代码1:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:vector<int> plusOne(vector<int> &digits){int len = digits.size() - 1;for (int i = len; i >= 0; i--){if ((digits[i] + 1 == 10 && i == len) || digits[i] >= 10){digits[i] = 0;if (i == 0){digits.insert(digits.begin(), 1);}else{digits[i - 1] += 1;}}else{if (i == len){digits[i] += 1;}break;}}return digits;}
};int main()
{Solution s;vector<int> sum;vector<vector<int>> digits = {{1,2,3},{4,3,2,1},{0},{9,9,9}};for (auto digit:digits){sum = s.plusOne(digit);copy(sum.begin(), sum.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));cout << endl;}return 0;
}
代码2:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:vector<int> plusOne(vector<int> &digits){int i = 0;int size = digits.size();for (i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--){digits[i]++;digits[i] = digits[i] % 10;if (digits[i] != 0)return digits;}if (i == -1){digits.insert(digits.begin(), 1);digits[size] = 0;}return digits;}
};int main()
{Solution s;vector<int> sum;vector<vector<int>> digits = {{1,2,3},{4,3,2,1},{0},{9,9,9}};for (auto digit:digits){sum = s.plusOne(digit);copy(sum.begin(), sum.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));cout << endl;}return 0;
}
代码3:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:vector<int> plusOne(vector<int> &digits){int len = digits.size() - 1;for (; len > 0 && digits[len] == 9; --len){digits[len] = 0;}if (len == 0 && digits[0] == 9){digits[0] = 0;digits.insert(digits.begin(), 1);}else{++digits[len];}return digits;}
};int main()
{Solution s;vector<int> sum;vector<vector<int>> digits = {{1,2,3},{4,3,2,1},{0},{9,9,9}};for (auto digit:digits){sum = s.plusOne(digit);copy(sum.begin(), sum.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));cout << endl;}return 0;
}
输出:
1 2 4
4 3 2 2
1
1 0 0 0
67. 二进制求和
给你两个二进制字符串,返回它们的和(用二进制表示)。
输入为 非空 字符串且只包含数字 1
和 0
。
示例 1:
输入: a = "11", b = "1" 输出: "100"
示例 2:
输入: a = "1010", b = "1011" 输出: "10101"
提示:
- 每个字符串仅由字符
'0'
或'1'
组成。 1 <= a.length, b.length <= 10^4
- 字符串如果不是
"0"
,就都不含前导零。
代码1:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:string addBinary(string a, string b) {string result;int carry = 0;int i = a.length() - 1, j = b.length() - 1;while (i >= 0 || j >= 0 || carry != 0) {int sum = carry;if (i >= 0) {sum += a[i--] - '0';}if (j >= 0) {sum += b[j--] - '0';}result.push_back(sum % 2 + '0');carry = sum / 2;}reverse(result.begin(), result.end());return result;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.addBinary("11", "1") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1010", "1011") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1111", "11111") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1100", "110111") << endl;return 0;
}
代码2:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:string addBinary(string a, string b){int sum = 0;string res;int p = 0;int i = a.length() - 1, j = b.length() - 1;while (i >= 0 || j >= 0 || sum != 0){if (i >= 0) {sum += a[i--] - '0';}if (j >= 0) {sum += b[j--] - '0';}p = sum % 2;sum /= 2;res += to_string(p);}reverse(res.begin(), res.end());return res;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.addBinary("11", "1") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1010", "1011") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1111", "11111") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1100", "110111") << endl;return 0;
}
代码3:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:string addBinary(string a, string b){if (b.size() > a.size()){string temp = b;b = a;a = temp;}int i = a.size() - 1;int j = b.size() - 1;if (i != j){for (int k = 0; k < i - j; k++)b = "0" + b;}int count = 0;for (int k = i; k >= 0; k--){if (a[k] - '0' + b[k] - '0' + count == 0){a[k] = '0';count = 0;}else if (a[k] - '0' + b[k] - '0' + count == 1){a[k] = '1';count = 0;}else if (a[k] - '0' + b[k] - '0' + count == 3){a[k] = '1';count = 1;}else{a[k] = '0';count = 1;}}if (count == 1)a = '1' + a;return a;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.addBinary("11", "1") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1010", "1011") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1111", "11111") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1100", "110111") << endl;return 0;
}
代码4:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:string addBinary(string a, string b){string result = "", rr = "";char aa, bb;int l1 = a.length(), l2 = b.length(), i = l1 - 1, j = l2 - 1, carry = 0, sum = 0;while (true){if (i < 0)aa = '0';elseaa = a[i];if (j < 0)bb = '0';elsebb = b[j];sum = (aa - '0') + (bb - '0') + carry;result += ((sum % 2) + '0');carry = sum / 2;j--;i--;if (i < 0 && j < 0){if (carry == 1)result += "1";break;}}int l3 = result.length();for (int i = l3 - 1; i >= 0; i--)rr += result[i];return rr;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.addBinary("11", "1") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1010", "1011") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1111", "11111") << endl;cout << s.addBinary("1100", "110111") << endl;return 0;
}
输出:
100
10101
101110
1000011
69. x 的平方根
实现 int sqrt(int x)
函数。
计算并返回 x 的平方根,其中 x 是非负整数。
由于返回类型是整数,结果只保留整数的部分,小数部分将被舍去。
示例 1:
输入: 4 输出: 2
示例 2:
输入: 8 输出: 2 说明: 8 的平方根是 2.82842..., 由于返回类型是整数,小数部分将被舍去。
代码1:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:int mySqrt(int x){long long i = 0;long long j = x / 2 + 1;while (i <= j){long long mid = (i + j) / 2;long long res = mid * mid;if (res == x)return mid;else if (res < x)i = mid + 1;elsej = mid - 1;}return j;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.mySqrt(4) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(8) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(121) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(120) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(122) << endl;return 0;
}
代码2:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:int mySqrt(int x){if (x == 0)return 0;double last = 0;double res = 1;while (res != last){last = res;res = (res + x / res) / 2;}return int(res);}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.mySqrt(4) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(8) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(121) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(120) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(122) << endl;return 0;
}
代码3:
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;class Solution
{
public:int mySqrt(int x) {if (x <= 1) {return x;}int left = 1;int right = x;while (left <= right) {int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;if (mid == x / mid) {return mid;} else if (mid < x / mid) {left = mid + 1;} else {right = mid - 1;}}return right;}
};int main()
{Solution s;cout << s.mySqrt(4) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(8) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(121) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(120) << endl;cout << s.mySqrt(122) << endl;return 0;
}
输出:
2
2
11
10
11
另: cmath或者math.h库中有现成的函数 sqrt()
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