软件生命周期模型及其类型

A life cycle model is also known as a process model. As the name suggests, the software life cycle model (or the software process model) gives us a pictorial representation of the entire software development process.

生命周期模型也称为过程模型 。顾名思义， 软件生命周期模型 (或软件过程模型 )为我们提供了整个软件开发过程的图形表示。

The life cycle model deals with each phase of the software development process and includes all the activities that are involved in its life cycle, i.e. from the initial phase (the ideation phase) of the software to its retirement phase (when the software is no longer under useful). The life cycle model involves each of these activities in the same order in which they are performed and it also takes special take care of the flow in which each activity will be carried out. This flow that is defined in the model cannot be broken while developing the software.

生命周期模型处理软件开发过程的每个阶段，并包括其生命周期中涉及的所有活动，即从软件的初始阶段(构想阶段)到其淘汰阶段(不再使用软件时)下有用)。生命周期模型以执行它们的相同顺序涉及这些活动中的每一个，并且还特别注意将执行每个活动的流程。在开发软件时不能破坏模型中定义的流程。

为什么在软件开发中需要软件生命周期模型？ (Why do we need a software lifecycle model in software development?)

To work according to the software engineering principles, choosing a software lifecycle model for the software in the initial phases itself is must so that the developers can have an idea about when to start and terminate each of the activities in software. Having a lifecycle model for the software would help the developers to develop the software in a systematic and organized manner.

要根据软件工程原理工作，必须在初始阶段为软件选择软件生命周期模型，以便开发人员可以了解何时启动和终止软件中的每个活动。为软件拥有生命周期模型将有助于开发人员以系统和有组织的方式开发软件。

Through the software lifecycle model, we get an overview of the sequence of activities in which they are carried out. We get to know if we can return back to the previous activity for making any sort of changes after we have proceeded to the next activities. By knowing this, we can draw an estimate what should be our strategy to proceed and what are the update and change options that are available to us after we have started the development process of the software.

通过软件生命周期模型，我们可以大致了解执行这些活动的顺序。我们知道在继续进行下一个活动之后是否可以返回上一个活动进行任何更改。通过了解这一点，我们可以估算出应该采取什么策略，并在开始软件开发过程后可以使用哪些更新和更改选项。

软件生命周期模型的类型 (Types of software lifecycle models)

There are numerous lifecycle models that are known to us, and each of them has their own activities flow order, and each of them differ from each other in some manner. Each of them has some pros and cons over other models. Some of the widely known lifecycle models that are commonly used are:

我们知道许多生命周期模型，每个模型都有自己的活动流程顺序，并且每个模型在某种程度上彼此不同。他们每个人在其他模型上都有优点和缺点。一些常用的生命周期模型是：