什么比写论文更惨？
改论文！！
特别是搞量化数据的，少个数据或报告格式不正确的话，重新搞数据和格式吧——又要打开spss，又要在网上看数据分析步骤，又要在熟悉的word界面花上一天。
所以，在数据分析前学习一下数据报告的标准格式还是很有必要的。
下面简单介绍下APA（5th）的数据报告格式——（个人分享，仅供参考）
常用的数据通常包括：描述性数据（均值M，标准差SD），p值，t值等等。
小数点保留两位（保留3位小数点也OK），
全部的数据符号如果不是希腊符号的话，就需要斜体，符号之间要空格。
1、描述性数据：均值和标准差，和百分比（1）均值和标准差均值和保准差要一起报告！均值和保准差要一起报告！均值和保准差要一起报告！
均值和标准差通常放在括号中，成对出现；如果均值在前面已经报告，则需要在句末加上括号和标准差。
栗子：
• The sample as a whole was relatively young (M = 19.22, SD = 3.45).
• The average age of students was 19.22 years (SD = 3.45).（2）百分比
百分比的话通常也放在括号中呈现，以数字加%形式，不要加小数位。
栗子：
• Nearly half (49%) of the sample was married.2、p值
有两种方式报告p值：
（1）如果主要用来验证原假设的话，通常是.05或.01两个界限
栗子：
- F(1, 24) = 44.4, p < .01.
也可以写出确切的p值，但是要提前在结果部分说明所使用的显著标准是什么：For example: “We used an alpha level of .05 for all statistical tests.”
报告确切p值的栗子
t(33) = 2.10, p = .03
如果p值小于.001，直接说明p < .001即可。
（2）如果结果p值不显著（≥.10）的话，则可以说“marginally significant”
栗子：
Results indicated a marginally significant preference for pecan pie (M = 3.45, SD = 1.11) over cherry pie (M = 3.00, SD = .80), t(5) = 1.25, p = .08.
如果p值超过.10，则不显著
栗子：
Results indicated a non-significant trending in the predicted direction indicating a preference for pecan pie (M = 3.45, SD = 2.11) over cherry pie (M = 3.00, SD = 2.80), t(5) = 1.25, p = .26.3、相关分析
以Pearson's r (Pearson's Correlation Coefficient) 为栗子
- r(degrees of freedom,N减2) = the r statistic, p = p value
- 栗子：
- The variables shoe size and height were found to be strongly correlated, r(128) = .89, p < .01.
- Among the students of Hogwarts University, the number of hours playing Fortnite per week and midterm exam results were negatively correlated, r(78) = -.45, p < .001.
4、t-test t检验
• There was a significant effect for gender, t(54) = 5.43, p < .001, with men receiving
higher scores than women.
• Results indicate a significant preference for pecan pie (M = 3.45, SD = 1.11) over cherry pie (M = 3.00, SD = .80), t(15) = 4.00, p = .001.
• The 36 study participants had a mean age of 27.4 (SD = 12.6) were significantly older than the university norm of 21.2 years, t(35) = 2.95, p = 0.01.5、AVOWA
和t检验基本一致，
（1）One-way ANOVA:
• The 12 participants in the high dosage group had an average reaction time of 12.3 seconds (SD = 4.1); the 9 participants in the moderate dosage group had an average reaction time of 7.4 seconds (SD = 2.3), and the 8 participants in the control group had a mean of 6.6 (SD = 3.1). The effect of dosage, therefore, was significant, F(2,26) = 8.76, p=.012.
• An one way analysis of variance showed that the effect of noise was significant, F(3,27)= 5.94, p = .007. Post hoc analyses using the Scheffé post hoc criterion for significance indicated that the average number of errors was significantly lower in the white noise condition (M = 12.4, SD = 2.26) than in the other two noise conditions (traffic and industrial) combined (M = 13.62, SD = 5.56), F(3, 27) = 7.77, p = .042.
（2）Multiple Factor (Independent Variable) ANOVA
• There was a significant main effect for treatment, F(1, 145) = 5.43, p < .01, and a significant interaction, F(2, 145) = 3.13, p < .05.
• The cell sizes, means, and standard deviations for the 3x4 factorial design are presented in Table 1. The main effect of Dosage was marginally significant (F[2,17] = 3.23, p = .067), as was the main effect of diagnosis category, F(3,17) = 2.87, p = .097. The interaction of dosage and diagnosis, however, has significant, F(6,17) = 14.2, p = .0005.
6、Tables 表格格式
•APA style tables do not contain any vertical lines 表格没有垂直线
•There are no periods used after the table number or title. 文字后没有句号
•When using columns with decimal numbers, make the decimal points line up. 小数位一致
栗子：
references：
http://ich.vscht.cz/~svozil/lectures/vscht/2015_2016/sad/APA_style2.pdfich.vscht.czReporting Statistics in Your Paperabacus.bates.edu
