mysql主从复制周期_Mysql主从复制的实现

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir= /usr/local/mysql/data

port= 3306server_id= 2socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

skip_slave_start= 1read_only= 1relay_log=relay_log

relay_log_index= relay_log.index

重启mysqld服务

[root@mysql_slave ~]# service mysqld restart

3.5.查看master服务器的二进制日志及二进制日志事件位置

[root@mysql_master ~]# mysql -e 'SHOW MASTER STATUS;'

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000003 | 120 | | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

File：表示从此日志开始复制

Position：表示从这个事件开始复制

3.6在Slave服务器上同步Master服务器上面的数据

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql_master',MASTER_USER='eivll0m',MASTER_PASSWORD='password',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',MASTER_LOG_POS=120,MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=60;

3.7启动slave服务器的复制线程并查看状态

mysql>START SLAVE;

mysql>SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waitingformaster to send event

Master_Host: mysql_master

Master_User: eivll0m

Master_Port:3306Connect_Retry:60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003Read_Master_Log_Pos:120Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000002Relay_Log_Pos:283Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno:0Last_Error:

Skip_Counter:0Exec_Master_Log_Pos:120Relay_Log_Space:450Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos:0Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master:0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno:0Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno:0Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id:1Master_UUID: 988cd54d-c1a7-11e3-b1a5-000c29c976ef

Master_Info_File:/usr/local/mysql/data/master.infoSQL_Delay:0SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waitingfor the slave I/O thread to update it

Master_Retry_Count:86400Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

Executed_Gtid_Set:

Auto_Position:0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.8在slave服务器查看启动的线程

[root@mysql_slave ~]# mysql -e 'SHOW PROCESSLIST;'

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+

3.9验证：在saster服务器创建数据库，在slave服务器上验证是否复制过去

[root@mysql_master ~]# mysql -e 'CREATE DATABASE eivll0m;'[root@mysql_master~]# mysql -e 'SHOW DATABASES;'

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| eivll0m |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

[root@mysql_slave ~]# mysql -e 'SHOW DATABASES;' #可以看到eimll0m数据库已经复制过去

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| eivll0m |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

3.10在主从服务器查看二进制日志事件位置是否更新

[root@mysql_master ~]# mysql -e 'SHOW MASTER STATUS;'

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000003 | 223 | | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

[root@mysql_slave ~]# mysql -e 'SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;' | grep "Read_Master_Log_Pos"Read_Master_Log_Pos:223

由此可见，已经更新。

4.配置基于SSL的复制

由于Mysql的主从复制是明文传送的，如果在生产环境中跨网络使用主从还是明文传送，就无法保证数据的传输安全性，为了解决这一问题，我们需要加密进行传送，也就是基于SSL的加密方法进行传输数据。

4.1在master服务器搭建CA服务器

[root@mysql_master ~]# cd /etc/pki/CA/[root@mysql_master CA]# (umask077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048)[root@mysql_master CA]# openssl req-new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 365You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter'.', the field will be left blank.-----Country Name (2letter code) [XX]:CN

State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:ChaoYang

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:eivll0m

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:mysql_master

Email Address []:master@eivll0m.com

[root@mysql_master CA]#touchindex.txt

[root@mysql_master CA]#echo 01 > serial

4.2为master创建证书申请并由CA服务器签发证书

[root@mysql_master ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/ssl

[root@mysql_master ssl]# cd/usr/local/mysql/ssl

[root@mysql_master ssl]# (umask077;openssl genrsa -out master.key 2048)

[root@mysql_master ssl]# openssl req-new -key master.key -out master.csr -days 365You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter'.', the field will be left blank.-----Country Name (2letter code) [XX]:CN

State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:ChaoYang

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:eivll0m

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:mysql_master

Email Address []:master@eivll0m.com

Please enter the following'extra'attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:

An optional company name []:

[root@mysql_master ssl]# openssl ca -in master.csr -out master.crt -days 365Using configuration from/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

Serial Number:1 (0x1)

Validity

Not Before: Apr22 15:52:49 2014GMT

Not After : Apr22 15:52:49 2015GMT

Subject:

countryName=CN

stateOrProvinceName=BeiJing

organizationName=eivll0m

organizationalUnitName=Tech

commonName=mysql_master

emailAddress=master@eivll0m.com

X509v3 extensions:

X509v3 Basic Constraints:

CA:FALSE

Netscape Comment:

OpenSSL Generated Certificate

X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

A7:4D:33:91:61:CD:92:5E:72:2A:8E:A6:56:15:6A:AB:FA:22:20:98X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

keyid:0F:79:D1:B8:1C:63:4B:91:A6:17:9F:B4:6D:A3:C7:96:AA:29:5E:48Certificate is to be certifieduntil Apr 22 15:52:49 2015 GMT (365days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with1new entries

Data Base Updated

4.3为slave服务器创建证书申请

[root@mysql_slave ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/ssl

[root@mysql_slave~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ssl

[root@mysql_slave~]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out slave.key 2048)

[root@mysql_slave ssl]# openssl req-new -key slave.key -out slave.csr -days 365You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter'.', the field will be left blank.-----Country Name (2letter code) [XX]:CN

State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:ChaoYang

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:eivll0m

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:mysql_slave

Email Address []:

Please enter the following'extra'attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:

An optional company name []:

4.4为slave服务器签署证书

[root@mysql_slave ssl]# scp slave.csr mysql_master:/tmp/[root@mysql_master ssl]# openssl ca-in /tmp/slave.csr -out /tmp/slave.crt -days 365Using configuration from/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

Serial Number:2 (0x2)

Validity

Not Before: Apr22 15:57:52 2014GMT

Not After : Apr22 15:57:52 2015GMT

Subject:

countryName=CN

stateOrProvinceName=BeiJing

organizationName=eivll0m

organizationalUnitName=Tech

commonName=mysql_slave

emailAddress=slave@eivll0m.com

X509v3 extensions:

X509v3 Basic Constraints:

CA:FALSE

Netscape Comment:

OpenSSL Generated Certificate

X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

B9:4B:EA:28:0E:9E:4B:84:A6:9A:4E:45:3B:DF:B3:B9:E3:E9:ED:55X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

keyid:0F:79:D1:B8:1C:63:4B:91:A6:17:9F:B4:6D:A3:C7:96:AA:29:5E:48Certificate is to be certifieduntil Apr 22 15:57:52 2015 GMT (365days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with1new entries

Data Base Updated

在mastet服务器上将签署好证书申请拷贝到Slave服务器

[root@mysql_master ~]# scp /tmp/slave.crt mysql_slave:/usr/local/mysql/ssl/

4.5将CA证书拷贝到slave服务器与saster相应目录

[root@mysql_master ~]# scp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem mysql_slave:/usr/local/mysql/ssl/[root@mysql_master~]# cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem /usr/local/mysql/ssl/

4.6修改master与slave服务器证书属主、属组为"mysql"用户

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ssl

# ll/usr/local/mysql/ssl/

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1415 Sep 20 20:57cacert.pem-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 4600 Sep 20 20:22master.crt-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1054 Sep 20 20:20master.csr-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1675 Sep 20 20:17 master.key

4.7在master与slave服务器编辑my.cnf开启SSL加密功能

在master服务器的my.cnf文件中[mysqld]下添加如下参数

ssl #开启SSL功能

ssl_ca= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem #指定CA文件位置

ssl_cert= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt #指定证书文件位置

ssl_key= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key #指定密钥所在位置

在slave服务器的my.cnf文件中[mysqld]下添加如下参数

ssl

ssl_ca= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem

ssl_cert= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt

ssl_key= /usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.key

4.8在master服务器查看SSL加密是否开启并创建授权一个基于密钥认证的用户

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%ssl%';+---------------+---------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+---------------------------------+

| have_openssl | YES |

| have_ssl | YES |

| ssl_ca | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |

| ssl_capath | |

| ssl_cert | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt |

| ssl_cipher | |

| ssl_crl | |

| ssl_crlpath | |

| ssl_key | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key |

+---------------+---------------------------------+

9 rows in set (0.12 sec)

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slave'@'172.16.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passwd'REQUIRE SSL;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00sec)

mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

4.9查看master服务器二进制日志文件和事件位置

mysql>SHOW MASTER STATUS;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000007 | 919 | | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.09 sec)

4.10在slave上测试使用加密用户指定密钥连接master服务器(如下测试成功)

root@mysql_slave ssl]# mysql -uslave -ppasswd -h 172.16.10.72 --ssl-ca=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem --ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt --ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.key

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connectionid is 2Server version:5.6.17-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clearthe current input statement.

mysql>

4.11查看slave服务器SSL是否开启并连接master服务器

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%ssl%';+---------------+---------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+---------------------------------+

| have_openssl | YES |

| have_ssl | YES |

| ssl_ca | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |

| ssl_capath | |

| ssl_cert | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt |

| ssl_cipher | |

| ssl_crl | |

| ssl_crlpath | |

| ssl_key | /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key |

+---------------+---------------------------------+

mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.10.72',master_user='slave',master_password='passwd',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=919,master_ssl=1,master_ssl_ca='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem',master_ssl_cert='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt',master_ssl_key='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.key';

mysql>start slave; #启动IO线程

mysql> show slave status\G; ##查看slave状态

4.12查看slave服务器状态

[root@mysql_slave ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ssl/[root@mysql_slave ssl]# mysql-e 'show slave status\G;'

*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waitingformaster to send event

Master_Host:172.16.10.72Master_User: slave

Master_Port:3306Connect_Retry:60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007Read_Master_Log_Pos: 919Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000002Relay_Log_Pos:572Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno:0Last_Error:

Skip_Counter:0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 919Relay_Log_Space:739Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos:0Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes

Master_SSL_CA_File:/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem