注： 以上命令均需要在mysql下执行；在mysql中每行命令末尾加上分号，表示该行命令执行结束。 tb_name即table name()表名。
示例：
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc time_zone;
+------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Time_zone_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| Use_leap_seconds | enum('Y','N') | NO | | N | |
+------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.11 sec)
mysql> show create table time_zone\G;
#G=grep筛选文字内容，规律显示出来
1. row
Table: time_zone
Create Table: CREATE TABLE time_zone (
Time_zone_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
Use_leap_seconds enum('Y','N') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
PRIMARY KEY (Time_zone_id)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='Time zones'
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.07 sec)
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from user\G;
创建库：
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
创建表：
mysql> use db1;
#先切换到指定库下
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int(4),name char(40));
#括号中是定义字段及字段格式，使用反引号引起来
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.51 sec)
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.35 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> show status;
+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 0 |
+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
mysql> show variables\G;
mysql> show variables like 'max_connect%'\G;
#like表示匹配；%是通配符
更改参数：
mysql> set global max_connect_errors=110;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
#在此只是临时更改，如果要永久更改，需要编辑配置文件
查看队列：
mysql> show processlist;
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 5 | root | localhost | db1 | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.32 sec)
mysql> drop database db1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
扩展：MySQL5.7之更改root密码
与MySQL 5.6版本不同，在安装MySQL 5.7过程中(初始化)会自动生成root用户密码(随机)，那么在安装完成后如何更改root用户密码？步骤如下：
查看默认密码
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
#The random password set for the root userat Fri Jan 10 20:00:34 2014 (local time): 3A)2DdJLkcFP
更改root密码：已知默认密码
使用默认密码登录：
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'3A)2DdJLkcFP'
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17
设置新密码：
方法1：
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
方法2：
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@localhost = PASSWORD('123456');
mysql> quit
Bye
Finished!
更改root密码：不知道默认密码
编辑配置文件：
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
#增加参数：skip-grant-tables
重启：
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
登录：此时不需要密码
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
更改密码：
mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('12456') where user='root';
mysql>quit
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
重启:
[root@centos-01inux mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
