load 和 loads 都是实现“反序列化”，load 通过 json.load(open('*.json')) 这样的格式，从文件句柄中打开文件，加载到Python的变量中，并以字典的格式转换。而 loads 必须对于 Python内存中的序列化对象转换成字符串。
load 和 loads 都是实现 “反序列化”，区别在于（以Python为例）：
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loads 针对 内存对象，即将 Python内置数据序列化为字串。如使用json.dumps序列化的对象d_json=json.dumps({'a':1, 'b':2})，在这里 d_json 是一个字串'{"b": 2, "a": 1}'，d=json.loads(d_json) #{ b": 2, "a": 1}，使用load重新反序列化为dict
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load 针对 文件句柄。如本地有一个 json 文件 a.json 则可以 d=json.load(open('a.json'))，相应的，dump 就是将内置类型序列化为 json 对象后写入文件
测试 ( 使用 loads )
list_1 = '[1,2,3,4]'
dict_1 = '{"k1":"v1"}'
print(type(list_1)) # <class 'str'>
print(type(dict_1)) # <class 'str'>ret = json.loads(list_1)
print(ret, type(ret))ret = json.loads(dict_1)
print(ret, type(ret))# 输出
# [1, 2, 3, 4] <class 'list'>
# {'k1': 'v1'} <class 'dict'>
测试( 使用 load )：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time :
# @Author :
# @Email :
# @File : parse_cinema_info.py
# @Software: PyCharmimport jsondef parse_cinema_info():cinema_info_dict = json.load(open('f:/bj_cinema_all_info.json', "rb"))all_cinemas = cinema_info_dict['cinemas']cinemas_list = list()for cinema in all_cinemas:d = dict(cinema_id=cinema['id'],cinema_name=cinema['nm'],city='北京',address=cinema['addr'],telephone=None)cinemas_list.append(d)with open('f:/bj_cinema.json', 'w') as f:json.dump(cinemas_list,f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)passif __name__ == '__main__':parse_cinema_info()pass使用 dump：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time :
# @Author :
# @Email :
# @File : parse_cinema_hall_info.py
# @Software: PyCharmimport re
import jsondef parse_file():cinema_hall_info = dict()with open('f:/pipelines.log', 'rb') as f:all_lines = f.readlines()for line in all_lines:line_str = line.decode('utf-8')base_time_info = re.findall("\('.*?'\)", line_str)if base_time_info:hall_info_list = list()for base_time in base_time_info:t = tuple(eval(base_time))cinema_id, hall_info = t[1], t[8]if hall_info not in hall_info_list:hall_info_list.append(hall_info)cinema_hall_info[cinema_id] = hall_info_listelse:# print(json.dumps(cinema_hall_info, ensure_ascii=False))hall_info_list = list()for cinema in cinema_hall_info:# print('cinema_id : {0} hall_info : {1}'.format(cinema, cinema_hall_info[cinema]))d = dict(cinema_id=cinema,hall_info=cinema_hall_info[cinema],seat_count=None)hall_info_list.append(d)else:with open('f:/bj_cinema_hall.json', 'w') as f:json.dump(hall_info_list, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)if __name__ == '__main__':parse_file()pass一个测试 json 文件 （bj_cinema_all_info.json）：
{"cinemas": [{"id": 264,"mark": 0,"nm": "万达国际影城(CBD店)","sellPrice": "48.5","addr": "朝阳区建国路93号万达广场B座3层","distance": "600m","tag": {"allowRefund": 0,"buyout": 0,"cityCardTag": 0,"deal": 0,"endorse": 0,"hallType": ["IMAX厅","RealD 6FL厅","4DX厅"],"hallTypeVOList": [{"name": "IMAX厅","url": ""},{"name": "RealD 6FL厅","url": ""},{"name": "4DX厅","url": ""}],"sell": 1,"snack": 1,"vipTag": "折扣卡"},"promotion": {}},{"id": 23,"mark": 0,"nm": "百丽宫影城(国贸店)","sellPrice": "29","addr": "朝阳区建国门外大街1号国贸商城北区B1层B120","distance": "1km","tag": {"allowRefund": 0,"buyout": 0,"cityCardTag": 0,"deal": 0,"endorse": 0,"hallType": ["RealD厅"],"hallTypeVOList": [{"name": "RealD厅","url": ""}],"sell": 1,"snack": 1},"promotion": {}}],"ct_pois": [{"ct_poi": "936879945111165696_a15272_c223","poiid": 99082156},{"ct_poi": "936879945111165696_a2378_c224","poiid": 1541434},{"ct_poi": "936879945111165696_a15748_c225","poiid": 94728699}],"paging": {"hasMore": false,"limit": 10000,"offset": 0,"total": 226}
}
.)
