CRUD是指在做计算处理时的增加(Create)、读取(Retrieve)(重新得到数据)、更新(Update)和删除(Delete)几个单词的首字母简写.
下面列举实例来讲解这几个操作:
实体类:
package com.oumyye.model;public class Student {private long id;private String name;private Class c;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Class getC() {return c;}public void setC(Class c) {this.c = c;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";}}
package com.oumyye.model;import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set;public class Class {private long id;private String name;private Set<Student> students=new HashSet<Student>();public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Set<Student> getStudents() {return students;}public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {this.students = students;}}
映射文件:
Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.oumyye.model"><class name="Student" table="t_student"><id column="stuId" name="id"><generator class="native"/></id><property column="stuName" generated="never" lazy="false" name="name"/><many-to-one cascade="save-update" class="com.oumyye.model.Class"column="classId" name="c"/></class> </hibernate-mapping>
Class.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.oumyye.model"><class name="Class" table="t_class"><id column="classId" name="id"><generator class="native"/></id><property column="className" generated="never" lazy="false" name="name"/><set cascade="delete" inverse="true" name="students" sort="unsorted"><key column="classId"/><one-to-many class="com.oumyye.model.Student"/></set></class> </hibernate-mapping>
工具类:可以有myeclipse生成
package com.oumyye.util;import org.hibernate.HibernateException; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;/*** Configures and provides access to Hibernate sessions, tied to the* current thread of execution. Follows the Thread Local Session* pattern, see {@link http://hibernate.org/42.html }.*/ public class HibernateSessionFactory {/** * Location of hibernate.cfg.xml file.* Location should be on the classpath as Hibernate uses * #resourceAsStream style lookup for its configuration file. * The default classpath location of the hibernate config file is * in the default package. Use #setConfigFile() to update * the location of the configuration file for the current session. */private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory;private static Configuration configuration = new AnnotationConfiguration(); private static String CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION = "/hibernate.cfg.xml";private static String configFile = CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION;static {try {configuration.configure(configFile);sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();} catch (Exception e) {System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");e.printStackTrace();}}private HibernateSessionFactory() {}/*** Returns the ThreadLocal Session instance. Lazy initialize* the <code>SessionFactory</code> if needed.** @return Session* @throws HibernateException*/public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) {if (sessionFactory == null) {rebuildSessionFactory();}session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession(): null;threadLocal.set(session);}return session;}/*** Rebuild hibernate session factory**/public static void rebuildSessionFactory() {try {configuration.configure(configFile);sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();} catch (Exception e) {System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");e.printStackTrace();}}/*** Close the single hibernate session instance.** @throws HibernateException*/public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();threadLocal.set(null);if (session != null) {session.close();}}/*** return session factory**/public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {return sessionFactory;}/*** return session factory** session factory will be rebuilded in the next call*/public static void setConfigFile(String configFile) {HibernateSessionFactory.configFile = configFile;sessionFactory = null;}/*** return hibernate configuration**/public static Configuration getConfiguration() {return configuration;}}
配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration><session-factory><!--数据库连接设置 --><property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property><property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mytest</property><property name="connection.username">root</property><property name="connection.password">root</property><!-- 方言 --><property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property><!-- 控制台显示SQL --><property name="show_sql">true</property><!-- 自动更新表结构 --><property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property><mapping resource="com/oumyye/model/Class.hbm.xml" /><mapping resource="com/oumyye/model/Student.hbm.xml" /></session-factory></hibernate-configuration>
测试类
package com.oumyye.service;import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set;import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test;import com.oumyye.model.Class; import com.oumyye.model.Student; import com.oumyye.util.HibernateSessionFactory;public class StudentTest {private SessionFactory sessionFactory=HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();private Session session;@Beforepublic void setUp() throws Exception {session=sessionFactory.openSession(); // 生成一个sessionsession.beginTransaction(); // 开启事务 }@Afterpublic void tearDown() throws Exception {session.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务session.close(); // 关闭session }@Testpublic void testSaveClassAndStudent() {Class c=new Class();c.setName("08计本");Student s1=new Student();s1.setName("张三");s1.setC(c);Student s2=new Student();s2.setName("李四");s2.setC(c);session.save(s1);session.save(s2);}@Testpublic void testLoadClass(){// Class c=(Class)session.load(Class.class, Long.valueOf(2));Class c=(Class)session.load(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));System.out.println(c.getStudents());}@Testpublic void testGetClass(){// Class c=(Class)session.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(2));Class c=(Class)session.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));System.out.println(c.getStudents());}@Testpublic void testUpdateClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();c.setName("08计算机本科2");session2.update(c);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}<!--更新-->@Testpublic void testSaveOrUpdateClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();c.setName("08计算机本科3");Class c2=new Class();c2.setName("09计算机本科3");session2.saveOrUpdate(c);session2.saveOrUpdate(c2);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}@Testpublic void testMergeClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();Class c2=(Class)session2.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));c.setName("08计算机本科4");session2.merge(c);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}<!--删除-->@Testpublic void testDeleteStudent(){Student student=(Student)session.load(Student.class, Long.valueOf(1));session.delete(student);} }
package com.oumyye.service;import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set;import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test;import com.oumyye.model.Class; import com.oumyye.model.Student; import com.oumyye.util.HibernateSessionFactory;public class StudentTest {private SessionFactory sessionFactory=HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();private Session session;@Beforepublic void setUp() throws Exception {session=sessionFactory.openSession(); // 生成一个sessionsession.beginTransaction(); // 开启事务 }@Afterpublic void tearDown() throws Exception {session.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务session.close(); // 关闭session }@Testpublic void testSaveClassAndStudent() {Class c=new Class();c.setName("08计本");Student s1=new Student();s1.setName("张三");s1.setC(c);Student s2=new Student();s2.setName("李四");s2.setC(c);session.save(s1);session.save(s2);}@Testpublic void testLoadClass(){// Class c=(Class)session.load(Class.class, Long.valueOf(2));Class c=(Class)session.load(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));System.out.println(c.getStudents());}@Testpublic void testGetClass(){// Class c=(Class)session.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(2));Class c=(Class)session.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));System.out.println(c.getStudents());}@Testpublic void testUpdateClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();c.setName("08计算机本科2");session2.update(c);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}<!--更新-->@Testpublic void testSaveOrUpdateClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();c.setName("08计算机本科3");Class c2=new Class();c2.setName("09计算机本科3");session2.saveOrUpdate(c);session2.saveOrUpdate(c2);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}@Testpublic void testMergeClass(){Session session1=sessionFactory.openSession();session1.beginTransaction();Class c=(Class)session1.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));session1.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session1.close();Session session2=sessionFactory.openSession();session2.beginTransaction();Class c2=(Class)session2.get(Class.class, Long.valueOf(1));c.setName("08计算机本科4");session2.merge(c);session2.getTransaction().commit(); // 提交事务 session2.close();}<!--删除-->@Testpublic void testDeleteStudent(){Student student=(Student)session.load(Student.class, Long.valueOf(1));session.delete(student);} }
Session的入门常用方法
- Query query = session.createQuery(hql):利用hql查询语句查询;
- Criteria critera = session.createCriteria(Class clazz);
- (3)Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); //开始事务;tx.commit()提交事务;
- session.close();//关闭Session,此后被session管理的持久化对象变为脱管状态;
- session.save(Object obj); //添加
- session.update(Object obj); //更新
- session.delete(Object obj); //删除
- Object obj = session.get(Class clazz,Serialiazble id); //根据主键查找记录并返回;
- Object obj = session.load(Class clazz,Serializable id); //和get方法效果一样,但是是懒加载,即在不使用他之前他不会返回对象;