前言
本文介绍了如何快速搭建一个 pypiserver，通过自建 pypiserver，我们可以解决网络环境不好，或者离线无法安装 python 包的问题。如果结合最新的 GitLab CI/CD 和 pipenv 我相信各位还可以玩出更多的花样。
pypiserver - minimal PyPI server for use with pip/easy_install
更新记录
2018 年 04 月 12 日 - 初稿
扩展阅读
pypiserver 简介
pypiserver is a minimal PyPI compatible server for pip or easy_install. It is based on bottle and serves packages from regular directories. Wheels, bdists, eggs and accompanying PGP-signatures can be uploaded either with pip, setuptools, twine, pypi-uploader, or simply copied with scp.
pypiserver 服务端配置
如果你的 Linux 环境缺少 Python 2.7 可以参考我的文章直接离线升级至最新版本
pypiserver > 1.2.x works with python 2.7 and 3.3+ or pypy. Older python-versions may still work, but they are not tested. For legacy python versions, use pypiserver-1.1.x series.
# 替换 pip 为阿里云，感概豆瓣的时代已经过去
tee ~/.pip/pip.conf <
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host= mirrors.aliyun.com
EOF
# 直接在线安装 pypiserver
pip install pypiserver
# 离线下载 pypiserver
mkdir /tmp/pypiserver
pip install -d /tmp/pypiserver/ pypiserver
# Copy packages into this directory.
mkdir ~/packages
# Copy some packages into your ~/packages folder and then get your pypiserver up and running:
pypi-server -p 8080 ~/packages &
pypiserver 客户端配置
## Download and Install hosted packages.
pip install --extra-index-url http://localhost:8080/simple/ ...
# or
pip install --extra-index-url http://localhost:8080
## Search hosted packages
pip search --index http://localhost:8080 ...
# 个人推荐的配置
tee ~/.pip/pip.conf <
[global]
index-url = http://172.28.70.126/simple
extra-index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host = 172.28.70.126
EOF
pypiserver 进阶配置
pypiserver Running as a systemd service
Adjusting the paths and adding this file as pypiserver.service into your systemd/system directory will allow management of the pypiserver process with systemctl, e.g. systemctl start pypiserver.
# 安装需要的包
yum install nginx -y
pip install passlib pypiserver gunicorn
# 创建 pypiserver 服务方便服务启停管理
tee /usr/lib/systemd/system/pypiserver.service <
[Unit]
Description=gunicorn daemon
After=network.target
[Service]
PIDFile=/run/pypiserver.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 \
--pid /run/pypiserver.pid \
-b :10012 \
'pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")'
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# Warning: pypiserver.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.
systemctl daemon-reload
# 启动 pypiserver 服务
systemctl enable pypiserver.service
systemctl start pypiserver.service
systemctl status pypiserver.service
# 停止 pypiserver 服务
systemctl disable pypiserver.service
systemctl stop pypiserver.service
systemctl status pypiserver.service
[[email protected] run]# systemctl status pypiserver.service
● pypiserver.service - gunicorn daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/pypiserver.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-04-13 15:14:08 CST; 859ms ago
Main PID: 22524 (gunicorn)
CGroup: /system.slice/pypiserver.service
├─22524 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22530 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22531 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22532 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22533 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22534 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22535 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22536 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22537 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22538 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
├─22539 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
└─22540 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w16 --pid /run/pypiserver.pid -b :10012 pypiserver:app(root="/var/www/pypi")
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22531] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22531
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22532] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22532
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22533] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22533
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22534] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22534
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22535] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22535
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22536] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22536
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22537] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22537
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22538] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22538
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22539] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22539
Apr 13 15:14:08 centos7 gunicorn[22524]: [2018-04-13 15:14:08 +0000] [22540] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 22540
[[email protected] run]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1517/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 977/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 978/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1383/master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6011 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19378/sshd: [email protected]
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10012 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22524/python
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 977/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 978/cupsd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1383/master
tcp6 0 0 ::1:6011 :::* LISTEN 19378/sshd: [email protected]
# 检查 pypiserver 服务
cd /var/www/pypi
# 向仓库中添加 python package
[[email protected] pypi]# pip download pypiserver
Collecting pypiserver
Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/d7/78/5772432dad2b9e754ab92f4d301fa507069b9decc8c943c1b18c2043ff4f/pypiserver-1.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (83kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 643kB/s
Saved ./pypiserver-1.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Successfully downloaded pypiserver
[[email protected] pypi]# ll
total 84
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83529 Apr 13 14:55 pypiserver-1.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
# 搜索刚才下载的 package
[[email protected] pypi]# pip search -i http://127.0.0.1:10012 pypiserver
pypiserver (1.2.1) - 1.2.1
INSTALLED: 1.2.1 (latest)
# 配置 nginx 做反向代理
tee /etc/nginx/conf.d/pypi.conf <
upstream pypiserver {
server 127.0.0.1:10012;
}
server {
listen 10087;
# disable any limits to avoid HTTP 413 for large package uploads
client_max_body_size 0;
location / {
proxy_pass http://pypiserver/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
# When setting up pypiserver behind other proxy, such as an Nginx instance, remove the below line if the proxy already has similar settings.
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_request_buffering off;
}
location /packages/ {
alias /var/www/pypi; # static file
}
}
EOF
# 启动 nginx
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl start nginx
systemctl status nginx
# 检查 nginx 服务
pip search -i http://172.28.79.126:10087 pypiserver
pypiserver (1.2.1) - 1.2.1
INSTALLED: 1.2.1 (latest)
