SQLserver 存储过程执行错误记录到表 
 
From: http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/51333650 

对于在执行存储过程中碰到的一些错误，如果未及时捕获或者说传递给前端应用程序来，在这样的情形下，故障的排查显得尤为困难。基于此，我们可以可以将这些错误信息记录到日志，同时也可以将其传递给前端应用程序。
如本文的示例。

一、将错误信息记录到表

CREATE TABLE ErrorLog
(
         ID             INT IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL,
         ErrorNumber    INT,
         ErrorMessage   VARCHAR(1000),
         ErrorSeverity  INT,
         ErrorState     INT,
         ErrorLine      INT,
         ErrorProcedure VARCHAR(128),
         ErrorDate      datetime
);

CREATE PROCEDURE CatchErrorDemo
AS --相关业务逻辑

    BEGIN TRY
        SELECT  1 / 0;
    END TRY
--相关错误捕获
    BEGIN CATCH
        PRINT 'Error Number:' + CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS VARCHAR(10));
        PRINT 'Error Serverity: ' + CAST(ERROR_SEVERITY() AS VARCHAR(10));
        PRINT 'Error State: ' + CAST(ERROR_STATE() AS VARCHAR(10));
        PRINT 'Error Procedure: ' + ERROR_PROCEDURE();
        PRINT 'Error Line: ' + CAST(ERROR_LINE() AS VARCHAR(10));
        PRINT 'Error Message: ' + ERROR_MESSAGE();
        INSERT  INTO ErrorLog
                ( ErrorNumber ,
                  ErrorSeverity ,
                  ErrorState ,
                  ErrorProcedure ,
                  ErrorLine ,
                  ErrorMessage ,
                  ErrorDate
                )
        VALUES  ( ERROR_NUMBER() ,
                  ERROR_SEVERITY() ,
                  ERROR_STATE() ,
                  ERROR_PROCEDURE() ,
                  ERROR_LINE() ,
                  ERROR_MESSAGE() ,
                  GETDATE()
                )

    END CATCH;

--执行相关存储过程，并查询日志表，同时与系统消息表进行对比
EXEC CatchErrorDemo;
SELECT * FROM ErrorLog;

二、传递错误信息

CREATE PROC CatchErrorDemo2
    @a INT ,
    @rtn VARCHAR(20) OUTPUT ,
    @rtn_message VARCHAR(200) OUTPUT
AS
    BEGIN
        BEGIN TRY
            DECLARE @result INT;

            SET @result = 'A' + @a;
        END TRY
        BEGIN CATCH
            SET @rtn = @@ERROR;

            SET @rtn_message = 'Error Number: '
                + CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' Error Serverity: '
                + CAST(ERROR_SEVERITY() AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' Error State: '
                + CAST(ERROR_STATE() AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' Error Procedure: '
                + ERROR_PROCEDURE() + ' Error Line: '
                + CAST(ERROR_LINE() AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' Error Message: '
                + ERROR_MESSAGE();
        END CATCH;
    END;
GO

--调用存储过程
DECLARE @rtn INT ,
    @rtn_message VARCHAR(200);
EXEC CatchErrorDemo2 0, @rtn OUTPUT, @rtn_message OUTPUT;
PRINT @rtn;
PRINT @rtn_message;

--Result:
245
Error Number: 245 Error Serverity: 16 Error State: 1 Error Procedure: CatchErrorDemo2 Error Line: 10
Error Message: 在将 varchar 值 'A' 转换成数据类型 int 时失败。