取板粗 好东西来的
1.(HDOJ2665)http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=2665
(POJ2104)http://poj.org/problem?id=2104
(POJ2761)http://poj.org/problem?id=2761
题意:求区间第K大,主席树模板题
#include<cstdio> #include<cstring> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; typedef long long ll; const int maxn=200010; int tot,n,q,nowm; int a[maxn],t[maxn]; int c[maxn<<5],lson[maxn<<5],rson[maxn<<5]; int T[maxn];void init_hash() {for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) t[i]=a[i];sort(t+1,t+1+n);nowm=unique(t+1,t+1+n)-(t+1); }int hash_(int x) {return lower_bound(t+1,t+1+nowm,x)-t; }void build(int &root,int l,int r) {root=++tot;if ( l==r ) return;int mid=(l+r)/2;build(lson[root],l,mid);build(rson[root],mid+1,r); }void update(int root,int &rt,int p,int val,int l,int r) {rt=++tot;lson[rt]=lson[root],rson[rt]=rson[root];c[rt]=c[root]+val;if ( l==r ) return;int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( p<=mid ) update(lson[rt],lson[rt],p,val,l,mid);else update(rson[rt],rson[rt],p,val,mid+1,r); }int query(int rt_,int rt,int l,int r,int k) {if ( l==r ) return l;int mid=(l+r)/2;int sum=c[lson[rt_]]-c[lson[rt]];if ( sum>=k ) return query(lson[rt_],lson[rt],l,mid,k);else return query(rson[rt_],rson[rt],mid+1,r,k-sum); }int main() {int Case;scanf("%d",&Case);while(Case++){scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);tot=0;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) scanf("%d",&a[i]);init_hash();build(T[0],1,nowm);for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ){int pos=hash_(a[i]);update(T[i-1],T[i],pos,1,1,nowm);}while ( q-- ){int l,r,k;scanf("%d%d%d",&l,&r,&k);printf("%d\n",t[query(T[r],T[l-1],1,nowm,k)]);}}return 0; }
2.(HDOJ4417)http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4417
题意:求给定区间<=k的数有多少
分析:在模板上将query部分修改一下即可,对于区间[L,R]来说,只需要将第R颗线段树上的[0,k]区间内的值减去第L-1颗线段树上对应区间即可。离线在线都行,离线做法需要将每次访问的k也添加进入hash数组,而对于在线来说转化后的数转化前相对于给定的k来说只能变小不能变大即可
注意:题目给的区间范围从0开始,要将其转化成从1开始
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1e5+10;
const int maxm=3e6+10;
int n,q,m,tot;
int a[maxn],t[maxn];
int T[maxn],lson[maxm],rson[maxm],c[maxm];void init_hash()
{for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) t[i]=a[i];sort(t+1,t+1+n);m=unique(t+1,t+1+n)-(t+1);
}int build(int l,int r)
{int root=tot++;c[root]=0;if ( l!=r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;lson[root]=build(l,mid);rson[root]=build(mid+1,r);}return root;
}int hash_(int x)
{return lower_bound(t+1,t+1+m,x)-t;
}int update(int root,int pos,int val)
{int rt=tot++,tmp=rt;c[rt]=c[root]+val;int l=1,r=m;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( pos<=mid ){lson[rt]=tot++;rson[rt]=rson[root];rt=lson[rt];root=lson[root];r=mid;}else {rson[rt]=tot++;lson[rt]=lson[root];rt=rson[rt];root=rson[root];l=mid+1;}c[rt]=c[root]+val;}return tmp;
}int query(int lrt,int rrt,int k)
{int ret=0;int l=1,r=m;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( k<=mid ){r=mid;lrt=lson[lrt];rrt=lson[rrt];}else {ret+=c[lson[rrt]]-c[lson[lrt]];l=mid+1;lrt=rson[lrt];rrt=rson[rrt];}}ret+=c[rrt]-c[lrt];return ret;
}int main()
{int Case,h;scanf("%d",&Case);for ( h=1;h<=Case;h++ ){scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);tot=0;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) {scanf("%d",&a[i]);a[i]++;}init_hash();T[0]=build(1,m);for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ){int pos=hash_(a[i]);T[i]=update(T[i-1],pos,1);}printf("Case %d:\n",h);while ( q-- ){int l,r,k,p;scanf("%d%d%d",&l,&r,&k);l++,r++,k++;p=hash_(k);if ( t[p]>k ) p--;if ( p==0 ) printf("0\n");else printf("%d\n",query(T[l-1],T[r],p));}}return 0;
}HDOJ4417(在线)
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1e5+10;
const int maxm=3e6+10;
int n,q,m,tot;
int a[maxn],t[maxn*2],l[maxn],r[maxn],val[maxn];
int T[maxn],lson[maxm],rson[maxm],c[maxm];void init_hash()
{for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) t[i]=a[i];for ( int i=1;i<=q;i++ ) t[i+n]=val[i];sort(t+1,t+1+n+q);m=unique(t+1,t+1+n+q)-(t+1);
}int build(int l,int r)
{int root=tot++;c[root]=0;if ( l!=r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;lson[root]=build(l,mid);rson[root]=build(mid+1,r);}return root;
}int hash_(int x)
{return lower_bound(t+1,t+1+m,x)-t;
}int update(int root,int pos,int val)
{int rt=tot++,tmp=rt;c[rt]=c[root]+val;int l=1,r=m;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( pos<=mid ){lson[rt]=tot++;rson[rt]=rson[root];rt=lson[rt];root=lson[root];r=mid;}else {rson[rt]=tot++;lson[rt]=lson[root];rt=rson[rt];root=rson[root];l=mid+1;}c[rt]=c[root]+val;}return tmp;
}int query(int lrt,int rrt,int k)
{int ret=0;int l=1,r=m;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( k<=mid ){r=mid;lrt=lson[lrt];rrt=lson[rrt];}else {ret+=c[lson[rrt]]-c[lson[lrt]];l=mid+1;lrt=rson[lrt];rrt=rson[rrt];}}ret+=c[rrt]-c[lrt];return ret;
}int main()
{int Case,h;scanf("%d",&Case);for ( h=1;h<=Case;h++ ){scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);tot=0;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) {scanf("%d",&a[i]);a[i]++;}for ( int i=1;i<=q;i++ ) {scanf("%d%d%d",&l[i],&r[i],&val[i]);l[i]++,r[i]++,val[i]++;}init_hash();T[0]=build(1,m);for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ){int pos=hash_(a[i]);T[i]=update(T[i-1],pos,1);}printf("Case %d:\n",h);for ( int i=1;i<=q;i++ ){int L,R,k;L=l[i],R=r[i],k=val[i];k=hash_(k);printf("%d\n",query(T[L-1],T[R],k));}}return 0;
}HDOJ4417(离线)
3.(SPOJ3267)http://www.spoj.com/problems/DQUERY/
题意:给出一个长度为n 的数列,有q 个询问,每个询问给出数对 [i,j],需要你给出这一段中有多少不同的数字
分析:利用map记录每个数的位置,主席树建新树的时候,如果当前元素出现过,那么把这个元素上次出现的位置减一,然后当前位置加一,如果没出现过就是普通的建树操作。
对于查询[l, r]我们只需要取出第r棵树,然后输出这棵树[l,r]之间的和,因为是按从1到n的顺序插入的,所以每次只需要求>=l的个数即可
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=3e4+10;
const int maxm=3e6+10;
int n,q,tot;
int a[maxn];
int T[maxn],lson[maxm],rson[maxm],c[maxm];int build(int l,int r)
{int root=tot++;c[root]=0;if ( l!=r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;lson[root]=build(l,mid);rson[root]=build(mid+1,r);}return root;
}int update(int root,int pos,int val)
{int rt=tot++,tmp=rt;c[rt]=c[root]+val;int l=1,r=n;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( pos<=mid ){lson[rt]=tot++;rson[rt]=rson[root];rt=lson[rt];root=lson[root];r=mid;}else {rson[rt]=tot++;lson[rt]=lson[root];rt=rson[rt];root=rson[root];l=mid+1;}c[rt]=c[root]+val;}return tmp;
}int query(int rt,int lpos)
{int ret=0;int l=1,r=n;while ( lpos>l ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( lpos<=mid ){r=mid;ret+=c[rson[rt]];rt=lson[rt];}else {rt=rson[rt];l=mid+1;}}return ret+c[rt];
}int main()
{int Case;while ( scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF ){tot=0;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) scanf("%d",&a[i]);T[0]=build(1,n);map<int,int>mp;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ){if ( mp.find(a[i])!=mp.end() ) {int tmp=update(T[i-1],mp[a[i]],-1);T[i]=update(tmp,i,1);}else T[i]=update(T[i-1],i,1);mp[a[i]]=i;}scanf("%d",&q);while ( q-- ){int l,r;scanf("%d%d",&l,&r);printf("%d\n",query(T[r],l));}}return 0;
}SPOJ3267
4.(ZOJ2112)http://acm.zju.edu.cn/onlinejudge/showProblem.do?problemCode=2112
题意:给定一串序列,有两种操作,一种是求区间[l,r]第k大,另外一种是将a[i]=t
带修改的主席树
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=60010;
const int maxm=2500010;
int n,q,m,tot;
int a[maxn],t[maxn];
int T[maxn],lson[maxm],rson[maxm],c[maxm];
int S[maxn];
struct Query{int kind;int l,r,k;
}query[10010];void init_hash(int k)
{sort(t+1,t+k+1);m=unique(t+1,t+k+1)-(t+1);
}int hash_(int x)
{return lower_bound(t+1,t+m+1,x)-t;
}int build(int l,int r)
{int root=tot++;c[root]=0;if ( l!=r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;lson[root]=build(l,mid);rson[root]=build(mid+1,r);}return root;
}int update(int root,int pos,int val)
{int rt=tot++,tmp=rt;c[rt]=c[root]+val;int l=1,r=m;while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( pos<=mid ){lson[rt]=tot++;rson[rt]=rson[root];rt=lson[rt];root=lson[root];r=mid;}else {rson[rt]=tot++;lson[rt]=lson[root];rt=rson[rt];root=rson[root];l=mid+1;}c[rt]=c[root]+val;}return tmp;
}int lowbit(int x)
{return x&(-x);
}int used[maxn];
void add(int x,int pos,int val)
{while ( x<=n ){S[x]=update(S[x],pos,val);x+=lowbit(x);}
}int sum(int x)
{int ret=0;while ( x>0 ){ret+=c[lson[used[x]]];x-=lowbit(x);}return ret;
}int Q(int left,int right,int k)
{int lrt=T[left];int rrt=T[right];int l=1,r=m;for ( int i=left;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=S[i];for ( int i=right;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=S[i];while ( l<r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;int tmp=sum(right)-sum(left)+c[lson[rrt]]-c[lson[lrt]];if ( tmp>=k ){r=mid;for ( int i=left;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=lson[used[i]];for ( int i=right;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=lson[used[i]];lrt=lson[lrt];rrt=lson[rrt];}else {l=mid+1;k-=tmp;for ( int i=left;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=rson[used[i]];for ( int i=right;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) used[i]=rson[used[i]];lrt=rson[lrt];rrt=rson[rrt];}}return l;
}int main()
{int Case;scanf("%d",&Case);while ( Case-- ){scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);tot=0;m=0;for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) {scanf("%d",&a[i]);t[++m]=a[i];}char op[10];for ( int i=0;i<q;i++ ){scanf("%s",op);if ( op[0]=='Q' ){query[i].kind=0;scanf("%d%d%d",&query[i].l,&query[i].r,&query[i].k);}else{query[i].kind=1;scanf("%d%d",&query[i].l,&query[i].r);t[++m]=query[i].r;}}init_hash(m);T[0]=build(1,m);for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ){int pos=hash_(a[i]);T[i]=update(T[i-1],pos,1);}for ( int i=1;i<=n;i++ ) S[i]=T[0];for ( int i=0;i<q;i++ ){if ( query[i].kind==0 ) printf("%d\n",t[Q(query[i].l-1,query[i].r,query[i].k)]);else {add(query[i].l,hash_(a[query[i].l]),-1);add(query[i].l,hash_(query[i].r),1);a[query[i].l]=query[i].r;}}}return 0;
}ZOJ2112
5.(HDOJ4348)http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4348
题意:给出一段长度为n的序列,有4种操作。初始时,时间戳=0
a.C l r d [l,r]区间内的数+d,时间戳++
b.Q l r 求当前时间戳下[l,r]区间的和
c.H l r t 求时间戳=t下[l,r]区间的和
d.B t 时间戳=t
分析:推荐两个讲解较为详细的博客https://blog.csdn.net/glqac/article/details/45103859
https://blog.csdn.net/kirito16/article/details/47266801
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn=1e5+10;
const int maxm=3e6+10;
int n,q,tot;
int a[maxn];
int T[maxn],lson[maxm],rson[maxm];
ll sum[maxm],add[maxm];int build(int l,int r)
{int root=tot++;add[root]=0;if ( l!=r ){int mid=(l+r)/2;lson[root]=build(l,mid);rson[root]=build(mid+1,r);}else{scanf("%lld",&sum[root]);return root;}sum[root]=sum[lson[root]]+sum[rson[root]];return root;
}void pushup(int rt,int len)
{sum[rt]=sum[lson[rt]]+sum[rson[rt]]+add[lson[rt]]*(len-len/2)+add[rson[rt]]*(len/2);
}int A,B;
ll val;int update(int root,int l,int r)
{int rt=tot++;add[rt]=add[root];if ( A<=l && r<=B ){sum[rt]=sum[root];add[rt]=add[root]+val;lson[rt]=lson[root];rson[rt]=rson[root];return rt;}int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( A<=mid ) lson[rt]=update(lson[root],l,mid);else lson[rt]=lson[root];if ( B>mid ) rson[rt]=update(rson[root],mid+1,r);else rson[rt]=rson[root];pushup(rt,r-l+1);return rt;
}ll query(int root,int l,int r,ll add_)
{if ( A<=l && r<=B ) return sum[root]+(add_+add[root])*(r-l+1);ll ans=0;int mid=(l+r)/2;if ( A<=mid ) ans+=query(lson[root],l,mid,add[root]+add_);if ( B>mid ) ans+=query(rson[root],mid+1,r,add[root]+add_);return ans;
}int main()
{char op[5];int now,Case=0;while ( scanf("%d%d",&n,&q)!=EOF ){if ( Case!=0 ) printf("\n");Case++;tot=0;T[0]=build(1,n);now=0;while ( q-- ){ll ans;int k;scanf("%s",op);if ( op[0]=='C' ) {scanf("%d%d%lld",&A,&B,&val);T[now+1]=update(T[now],1,n);now++;}else if ( op[0]=='Q' ){scanf("%d%d",&A,&B);ans=query(T[now],1,n,0); printf("%lld\n",ans);}else if ( op[0]=='H' ){scanf("%d%d%d",&A,&B,&k);ans=query(T[k],1,n,0); printf("%lld\n",ans);}else if ( op[0]=='B' ) {scanf("%d",&k);now=k;tot=T[now+1];}}}return 0;
}HDOJ4348