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• 爬取时间：2019-09-23
• 爬取难度：★☆☆☆☆☆
• 请求链接：https://maoyan.com/board/4
• 爬取目标：猫眼电影 TOP100 的电影名称、排名、主演、上映时间、评分、封面图地址，数据保存为 CSV 文件
• 涉及知识：请求库 requests、解析库 lxml、Xpath 语法、CSV 文件储存
• 完整代码：https://github.com/TRHX/Python3-Spider-Practice/tree/master/BasicTraining/maoyan-top100
• 其他爬虫实战代码合集（持续更新）：https://github.com/TRHX/Python3-Spider-Practice
• 爬虫实战专栏（持续更新）：https://itrhx.blog.csdn.net/article/category/9351278

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【1x00】循环爬取网页模块

观察猫眼电影TOP100榜，请求地址为：https://maoyan.com/board/4

每页展示10条电影信息，翻页观察 url 变化：

第一页：https://maoyan.com/board/4

第二页：https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=10

第三页：https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=20

一共有10页，利用一个 for 循环，从 0 到 100 每隔 10 取一个值拼接到 url，实现循环爬取每一页

def index_page(number):url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=%s' % numberresponse = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)return response.textif __name__ == '__main__':for i in range(0, 100, 10):index = index_page(i)

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【2x00】解析模块

定义一个页面解析函数 parse_page()，使用 lxml 解析库的 Xpath 方法依次提取电影排名（ranking）、电影名称（movie_name）、主演（performer）、上映时间（releasetime）、评分（score）、电影封面图 url（movie_img）

通过对主演部分的提取发现有多余的空格符和换行符，循环 performer 列表，使用 strip() 方法去除字符串头尾空格和换行符

电影评分分为整数部分和小数部分，依次提取两部分，循环遍历组成一个完整的评分

最后使用 zip() 函数，将所有提取的对象作为参数，将对象中对应的元素打包成一个个元组，然后返回由这些元组组成的列表

def parse_page(content):tree = etree.HTML(content)# 电影排名ranking = tree.xpath("//dd/i/text()")# 电影名称movie_name = tree.xpath('//p[@class="name"]/a/text()')# 主演performer = tree.xpath("//p[@class='star']/text()")performer = [p.strip() for p in performer]# 上映时间releasetime = tree.xpath('//p[@class="releasetime"]/text()')# 评分score1 = tree.xpath('//p[@class="score"]/i[@class="integer"]/text()')score2 = tree.xpath('//p[@class="score"]/i[@class="fraction"]/text()')score = [score1[i] + score2[i] for i in range(min(len(score1), len(score2)))]# 电影封面图movie_img = tree.xpath('//img[@class="board-img"]/@data-src')return zip(ranking, movie_name, performer, releasetime, score, movie_img)

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【3x00】数据储存模块

定义一个 save_results() 函数，将所有数据保存到 maoyan.csv 文件

def save_results(result):with open('maoyan.csv', 'a') as fp:writer = csv.writer(fp)writer.writerow(result)

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【4x00】完整代码

# =============================================
# --*-- coding: utf-8 --*--
# @Time    : 2019-09-23
# @Author  : TRHX
# @Blog    : www.itrhx.com
# @CSDN    : https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36759224
# @FileName: maoyan.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# =============================================import requests
from lxml import etree
import csvheaders = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36'
}def index_page(number):url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=%s' % numberresponse = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)return response.textdef parse_page(content):tree = etree.HTML(content)# 电影排名ranking = tree.xpath("//dd/i/text()")# 电影名称movie_name = tree.xpath('//p[@class="name"]/a/text()')# 主演performer = tree.xpath("//p[@class='star']/text()")performer = [p.strip() for p in performer]# 上映时间releasetime = tree.xpath('//p[@class="releasetime"]/text()')# 评分score1 = tree.xpath('//p[@class="score"]/i[@class="integer"]/text()')score2 = tree.xpath('//p[@class="score"]/i[@class="fraction"]/text()')score = [score1[i] + score2[i] for i in range(min(len(score1), len(score2)))]# 电影封面图movie_img = tree.xpath('//img[@class="board-img"]/@data-src')return zip(ranking, movie_name, performer, releasetime, score, movie_img)def save_results(result):with open('maoyan.csv', 'a') as fp:writer = csv.writer(fp)writer.writerow(result)if __name__ == '__main__':print('开始爬取数据...')for i in range(0, 100, 10):index = index_page(i)results = parse_page(index)for i in results:save_results(i)print('数据爬取完毕！')

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【4x00】数据截图