常用WebServices返回数据的4种方法比较

以前经常在群里听到朋友们说WebServices的性能特别的慢，说的如何如何。说实话，WebServices的确比调用本地数据要慢一些，可是究竟有多慢，真的如朋友们说的那么难以忍受吗？我个人感觉，多半原因在处理的方式上。让我们亲自编写测试代码，来证明这一切吧。文章由于是我一段时间的总结篇，因此难免参杂个人主观因素，说的不对的地方，还请多多批评。以下我们主要从调用WebServices的方法的特点、应用场景、测试结果三个方面来进行下说明分析。

1. 直接返回DataSet对象

特点：直接返回DataSet对象。

应用场景：1.内网。2.外网且数据量在kb级别时。

2.返回DataSet对象用Binary序列化后的字节数组

特点：字节数组流的处理模式。

应用场景：较大数据交换。

3.返回DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary 序列化后的字节数组

特点：使用微软提供的开源组件进行序列化，依然是字节流的处理模式。详情请参考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/829740/zh-cn

应用场景：较大数据交换。

4.返回DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary 序列化并Zip压缩后的字节数组

特点：使用微软提供的开源组件对字节流数组进行压缩后传递，依然是字节流的处理模式。详情请参考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/829740/zh-cn

应用场景：外网环境需要进行大数据量网络数据传递时，建议采用此种方法。也是笔者强烈向大家推荐使用的一种方法。

WebServices的代码如下：

WebServices
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

using System.Data;
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common;
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace WebService1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Service1 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {
        [WebMethod(Description="直接返回DataSet对象")]
        public DataSet GetDataSet()
        {
            string sql = "select * from Customers";
            Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase();
            DataSet ds = db.ExecuteDataSet(CommandType.Text,sql);
            return ds;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSet对象用Binary序列化后的字节数组")]
        public byte[] GetBytes()
        {
            DataSet ds = GetDataSet();
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            bf.Serialize(ms, ds);
            byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
            return buffer;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary序列化后的字节数组")]
        public byte[] GetDataSetSurrogateBytes()
        {
            DataSet ds = GetDataSet();
            DataSetSurrogate dss = new DataSetSurrogate(ds);
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            bf.Serialize(ms,dss);
            byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
            return buffer;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary序列化并ZIP压缩后的字节数组")]
        public byte[] GetDataSetSurrogateZipBytes()
        {
            DataSet DS = GetDataSet();
            DataSetSurrogate dss = new DataSetSurrogate(DS);
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            bf.Serialize(ms, dss);
            byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
            byte[] Zipbuffer = Compress(buffer);
            return Zipbuffer;
        }

        //压缩压缩后的字节数组
        public byte[] Compress(byte[] data)
        {
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            Stream zipStream = new GZipStream(ms, CompressionMode.Compress, true);
            zipStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            zipStream.Close();
            ms.Position = 0;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[ms.Length];
            ms.Read(buffer, 0,int.Parse(ms.Length.ToString()));
            return buffer;
        }
    }
}

客户端调用WebServices的代码如下：

客户端调用WebServices
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using WebServicesClient.localhost;
using System.Data;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace WebServicesClient
{
    public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        Service1 s = new Service1();
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        //直接返回DataSet对象
        protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            DataSet ds = s.GetDataSet();
            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
            GridView1.DataBind();
            sw.Stop();
            Label1.Text = string.Format("耗时：{0}毫秒", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
        }

        //得到DataSet对象用Binary序列化后的字节数组
        protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            byte[] buffer = s.GetBytes();
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            DataSet ds = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSet;
            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
            GridView1.DataBind();
            sw.Stop();
            Label2.Text = string.Format("耗时：{1}毫秒；数据大小：{0}", buffer.Length.ToString(), sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
        }
        //得到DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary序列化后的字节数组
        protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            byte[] buffer = s.GetDataSetSurrogateBytes();
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            DataSetSurrogate dss = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSetSurrogate;
            DataSet ds = dss.ConvertToDataSet();
            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
            GridView1.DataBind();
            sw.Stop();
            Label3.Text = string.Format("耗时：{1}毫秒；数据大小：{0}", buffer.Length.ToString(), sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
        }
        //得到DataSetSurrogate对象用Binary序列化并ZIP压缩后的字节数组
        protected void Button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            byte[] zipBuffer = s.GetDataSetSurrogateZipBytes();
            byte[] buffer = UnZip.Decompress(zipBuffer);
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            DataSetSurrogate dss = bf.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(buffer)) as DataSetSurrogate;
            DataSet ds = dss.ConvertToDataSet();
            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
            GridView1.DataBind();
            sw.Stop();

            Label4.Text = string.Format("耗时：{1}毫秒；数据大小：{0}",zipBuffer.Length.ToString(),sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
        }
    }
}

测试的结果按照先后顺序如下图所示：