这几天看到亚瑟boy的技术连载,也试着做了下带滤镜特效的照相机,效果也出来了,但是发现添加滤镜特效后的预览窗口卡屏现象很严重,于是自己索性试着尝试修改,在亚瑟和其他网友的代码中基本上都是对于照相机data视频流先进行解码,然后对解码出的帧Bitmap进行滤镜算法处理,这个是必走的流程,而每一帧在处理解码和滤镜时都需要用掉大量时间,我测了下,解码需要300毫秒左右,滤镜处理需要600毫秒左右(冰冻滤镜),如此一来,处理完这两个流程需要的时间要在900毫秒甚至更长,我们知道如果看上去比较流畅的话我们需要每秒更新三帧的图片,而这么处理只能更新一张,明显的卡屏。
于是试着去缩小处理的Bitmap大小,在照相机预览返回照片大小中设置:
Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters(); parameters.setPreviewSize(display.getWidth()/2, display.getHeight()/2);// 设置预览照片的大小
原来默认是返回屏幕大小的预览图片,此时我改成了屏幕大小一半的图片,发现处理过程明显加快了(当然也有稍微的卡屏),最后在预览回调接口PreviewCallBack中再将图片放大到屏幕大小,有雨我预览图片返回时只是缩小了一半,此时放大回屏幕大小时仍然是非常清晰的,如果你想速度更快的话可以继续缩小预览图片的返回大小。
代码如下:
public class CameraActivity extends NoSearchActivity {private static final String TAG = "CameraActivity";private SurfaceView surfaceView;private Camera camera;private boolean preview;private ImageButton take_picture;private int width,height;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);Window window = getWindow();requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);// 没有标题 window.setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);// 设置全屏window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);// 高亮 setContentView(R.layout.camera_view);ButtonClickingListener buttonlistener = new ButtonClickingListener();surfaceView = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.camera_surface);WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();width = display.getWidth();height = display.getHeight();take_picture = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.take_picture);//拍照 take_picture.setOnClickListener(buttonlistener);surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(width, height); // 设置分辨率/* 下面设置Surface不维护自己的缓冲区,而是等待屏幕的渲染引擎将内容推送到用户面前 */surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SurfaceCallback());}//按钮监听private final class ButtonClickingListener implements View.OnClickListener {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {if (!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, R.string.sdcarderror, 1).show();return;}try {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.take_picture:camera.takePicture(null, null, new TakePictureCallback());break;}} catch (Exception e) {Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}}}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif(camera!=null){camera.setPreviewCallback(null) ;camera.stopPreview();camera.release();camera = null;}super.onDestroy();}private final class SurfaceCallback implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {@Overridepublic void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,int height) {}@Overridepublic void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {if(camera==null){camera = Camera.open();//打开相机}else{Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, "相机正在使用中", 1).show();}WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();parameters.setPreviewSize(display.getWidth()/2, display.getHeight()/2);// 设置预览照片的大小parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(3);// 每秒3帧parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 100);// 照片质量parameters.setPictureSize(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight());// 设置照片的大小 camera.setParameters(parameters);camera.setPreviewCallback(new PreviewCallBack());// 通过SurfaceView显示取景画面camera.startPreview();//开始预览preview = true;}@Overridepublic void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {if (camera != null) {if (preview)camera.stopPreview();camera.release();}} }@Overridepublic boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {if (camera != null && event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {switch (keyCode) {case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU:camera.autoFocus(null);// 自动对焦break;case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CAMERA:case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER:camera.takePicture(null, null, new TakePictureCallback());break;case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:new AlertDialog.Builder(CameraActivity.this).setTitle("提示").setMessage("确定退出照相机?").setPositiveButton("确定",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int whichButton) {Intent exit = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);exit.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);exit.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);startActivity(exit);System.exit(0);}}).setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int whichButton) {// 取消按钮事件 dialog.cancel();}}).show();break;}}return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); // 不会回到 home 页面 }//预览回调接口private final class PreviewCallBack implements Camera.PreviewCallback {public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera camera) {if (data != null) {int imageWidth = camera.getParameters().getPreviewSize().width;int imageHeight = camera.getParameters().getPreviewSize().height;int RGBData[] = new int[imageWidth * imageHeight];decodeYUV420SP(RGBData, data, imageWidth, imageHeight); //解码Bitmap bm = Bitmap.createBitmap(RGBData, imageWidth, imageHeight, Config.ARGB_8888);// bm = toGrayscale(bm);//实时滤镜效果,现在是变成黑白效果bm = ice(bm);//冰冻效果Canvas canvas = surfaceView.getHolder().lockCanvas();// 判断非null,才能drawBitmap.if (bm != null) {bm = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bm, width, height,false);canvas.drawBitmap(bm, 0, 0, null);}surfaceView.getHolder().unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);}}}
灰度效果(黑白照片)
public static Bitmap toGrayscale(Bitmap bmp) {int height = bmp.getHeight();int width = bmp.getWidth();Bitmap bmpGrayscale = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565);Canvas c = new Canvas(bmpGrayscale);Paint paint = new Paint();ColorMatrix cm = new ColorMatrix();cm.setSaturation(0);ColorMatrixColorFilter f = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(cm);paint.setColorFilter(f);c.drawBitmap(bmp, 0, 0, paint);return bmpGrayscale;}
冰冻特效
public static Bitmap ice(Bitmap bmp) {int width = bmp.getWidth();int height = bmp.getHeight();Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565);int dst[] = new int[width * height];bmp.getPixels(dst, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);int R, G, B, pixel;int pos, pixColor;for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {pos = y * width + x;pixColor = dst[pos]; // 获取图片当前点的像素值R = Color.red(pixColor); // 获取RGB三原色G = Color.green(pixColor);B = Color.blue(pixColor);pixel = R - G - B;pixel = pixel * 3 / 2;
if (pixel < 0)pixel = -pixel;if (pixel > 255)pixel = 255;
R = pixel; // 计算后重置R值,以下类同pixel = G - B - R;pixel = pixel * 3 / 2;
if (pixel < 0)pixel = -pixel;if (pixel > 255)pixel = 255;
G = pixel;pixel = B - R - G;pixel = pixel * 3 / 2;
if (pixel < 0)pixel = -pixel;if (pixel > 255)pixel = 255;B = pixel;dst[pos] = Color.rgb(R, G, B); // 重置当前点的像素值} // x} // ybitmap.setPixels(dst, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);return bitmap;}
获取照片回调
private final class TakePictureCallback implements PictureCallback {@Overridepublic void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {try {Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0,data.length);bitmap = ice(bitmap);File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");//保存在SD卡根目录下,以当前时间毫秒命名FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, outStream);outStream.close();camera.stopPreview();camera.startPreview();//重新开始照相预览} catch (Exception e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}}}
解码
static public void decodeYUV420SP(int[] rgb, byte[] yuv420sp, int width, int height) {final int frameSize = width * height;for (int j = 0, yp = 0; j < height; j++) {int uvp = frameSize + (j >> 1) * width, u = 0, v = 0;for (int i = 0; i < width; i++, yp++) {int y = (0xff & ((int) yuv420sp[yp])) - 16;if (y < 0)y = 0;if ((i & 1) == 0) {v = (0xff & yuv420sp[uvp++]) - 128;u = (0xff & yuv420sp[uvp++]) - 128;}
int y1192 = 1192 * y;int r = (y1192 + 1634 * v);int g = (y1192 - 833 * v - 400 * u);int b = (y1192 + 2066 * u);if (r < 0)r = 0;else if (r > 262143)r = 262143;if (g < 0)g = 0;else if (g > 262143)g = 262143;if (b < 0)b = 0;else if (b > 262143)b = 262143;rgb[yp] = 0xff000000 | ((r << 6) & 0xff0000) | ((g >> 2) & 0xff00) | ((b >> 10) & 0xff);}}}}
camera_view 代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="#000000"><SurfaceView android:id="@+id/camera_surface"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_weight="2.0" /><LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="50dip"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:gravity="center_vertical"><ImageButton android:layout_width="48dip"android:layout_height="48dip"android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_camera"android:id="@+id/take_picture" /><View android:layout_width="40dip"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:layout_weight="2.0"/></LinearLayout></LinearLayout>
效果如下图:照相机冰冻效果