Centos系统通过tar.gz包安装MySQL5.7

环境准备：

操作系统： http://vault.centos.org/6.5/isos/x86_64/ 下载 CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso vmware workstation下安装系统

MySQL安装包连接地址： https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/ 下载 mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

介绍了本次安装使用的系统和软件版本，下面进行安装步骤介绍：

安装mysql之前需要确保系统中有libaio依赖，使用如下命令：

yum search libaio 
yum install libaio

检查是否安装了mysql
[root@mysql-5 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@mysql-5 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@mysql-5 ~]# find / -name mysql 
[root@mysql-5 ~]#

本次通过wget方式下载到/usr/local

[root@mysql-5 local]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@mysql-5 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@mysql-5 local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

进入到mysql目录，可以发现，mysql5.7的版本和5.6的版本不同，没有/data目录，这里要自己创建一个data目录data目录并不限定存放位置，但是为了方便，这里依旧直接放在mysql的根目录下

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# mkdir data #如果不创建，在数据库初始化时候也是会自动创建

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# groupadd mysql #添加用户组

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin #新建mysql用户禁止登录shell 或者使用useradd -r -g mysql mysql

扩展：

查看是否存在 mysql 组： [root@localhost ~]# more /etc/group | grep mysql

查看 msyql 属于哪个组： [root@localhost ~]# groups mysql

查看当前活跃的用户列表：[root@localhost ~]# w

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ #改变mysql目录权限

配置相关的启动配置文件

1、复制my_default.cnf到/etc/my.cnf (mysql启动时自动读取)

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

2、解决乱码问题
[root@mysql-5 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8

3、复制mysql.server 到/etc/init.d/

[root@mysql-5 init.d]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-5 mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@mysql-5 mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysql

4、修改 /etc/init.d/mysql 参数，给予2个目录位置

输入命令：vi /etc/init.d/mysql

更改：basedir=/usr/local/mysql

　　　datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

5、给目录/usr/local/mysql 更改拥有者

输入命令：chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

初始化mysql的数据库

1、初始化数据库

首先要去到mysql/bin目录下

老版本的命令：mysql_install_db

新版本的命令：./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

生成出一个data目录，代表数据库已经初始化成功

[root@mysql-5 mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2018-12-03T03:26:22.566615Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-12-03T03:26:22.566682Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2018-12-03T03:26:22.566686Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2018-12-03T03:26:22.959606Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-12-03T03:26:23.015817Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-12-03T03:26:23.085590Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 356b2873-f6ab-11e8-b3d3-000c297b7598.
2018-12-03T03:26:23.087897Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-12-03T03:26:23.089369Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: aw7wEtF(.?ps