面向 NLP 任务的大模型 Prompt 设计

很久之前，我们介绍到，prompt是影响下游任务的关键所在，当我们在应用chatgpt进行nlp任务落地时，如何选择合适的prompt，对于SFT以及推理环节尤为重要。

不过，硬想不是办法，我们可以充分参考开源的一些已有工作，幸运的是，这类工作已然存在。

因此，本文主要介绍longbench、LooGLE、pclue以及firefly自然语言处理任务prompt以及PromptSource英文常用评测任务prompt生成工具包。

一、其他一些关于NLP任务的代表prompt

最近我们在看长文本说的一些评估数据集，而对于评估来说，如何针对不同的任务，设定相应的prompt，最为重要。下面介绍longbench、LooGLE、pclue以及firefly自然语言处理任务prompt。

1、longbench长文本prompt

地址：https://github.com/THUDM/LongBench

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2、LooGLE长文本评测prompt

地址： https://github.com/bigai-nlco/LooGLE

4、Pclue任务评测prompt

地址： https://github.com/CLUEbenchmark/pCLUE

4、firefly自然语言处理任务prompt

地址：https://huggingface.co/datasets/YeungNLP/firefly-train-1.1M/viewer/default/train?row=3

二、PromptSource英文NLP prompt生成工具

PromptSource是一个用于创建、共享和使用自然语言提示的工具包，截至2022年1月20日，P3中有约2000个prompt，涵盖170多个英语数据集。

项目地址：https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource

1、storycloze的prompt

templates:1a4946f9-a0e2-4fbb-aee8-b26ead2cf6b8: !Templateanswer_choices: '{{sentence_quiz1}} ||| {{sentence_quiz2}}'id: 1a4946f9-a0e2-4fbb-aee8-b26ead2cf6b8jinja: '{{input_sentence_1}} {{input_sentence_2}} {{input_sentence_3}} {{input_sentence_4}}What is a possible continuation for the story given the following options ?- {{answer_choices | join("\n- ")}} ||| {{answer_choices[answer_right_ending-1]}}'metadata: !TemplateMetadatachoices_in_prompt: truelanguages:- enmetrics:- Accuracyoriginal_task: truename: Answer Given optionsreference: ''1a9d53bc-eb77-4e7c-af6e-3d15b79d6cf1: !Templateanswer_choices: '{{sentence_quiz1}} ||| {{sentence_quiz2}}'id: 1a9d53bc-eb77-4e7c-af6e-3d15b79d6cf1jinja: "Read the following story :\n\n{{input_sentence_1}}\n{{input_sentence_2}}\n\{{input_sentence_3}}\n{{input_sentence_4}}\n\nChoose a possible ending for the\\ previous story from the following options: \n- {{answer_choices | join(\"\\\n- \")}}\n|||\n\n{{answer_choices[answer_right_ending -1]}}"metadata: !TemplateMetadatachoices_in_prompt: truelanguages:- enmetrics:- Accuracyoriginal_task: truename: Choose Story Endingreference: ''

2、Squad任务的prompt

templates:3d85b5b0-51db-4d72-8ead-d0b3654025ee: !Templateanswer_choices: nullid: 3d85b5b0-51db-4d72-8ead-d0b3654025eejinja: 'Refer to the passage below and answer the following question:Passage: {{context}}Question: {{question}}|||{{answers["text"][0]}}'metadata: !TemplateMetadatachoices_in_prompt: falselanguages:- enmetrics:- Squadoriginal_task: truename: answer_question_given_contextreference: ''

3、MathQA任务的prompt

a313a5f8-53cd-4b76-abb6-fea2ac4e9ef4: !Templateanswer_choices: a ||| b ||| c ||| d ||| eid: a313a5f8-53cd-4b76-abb6-fea2ac4e9ef4jinja: "One of the five choices are correctly answers the math problem. Can you\\ choose the right one? \n\n{{options}}\n\nProblem: {{Problem}}\n|||\n{{correct}}"metadata: !TemplateMetadatachoices_in_prompt: truelanguages:- enmetrics:- Accuracyoriginal_task: truename: first_choice_then_problemreference: First give the list of choices and then describe the problema3c2ec72-4af5-42aa-9e8e-ef475fa7c039: !Templateanswer_choices: general ||| physics ||| gain ||| geometry ||| probability |||otherid: a3c2ec72-4af5-42aa-9e8e-ef475fa7c039jinja: "Given the problem below, in what category would you classify it?\n===\n\{{Problem}} \n\nCategories:\n{{answer_choices | join(\"\\n\")}}\n|||\n{{category}}\n"metadata: !TemplateMetadatachoices_in_prompt: truelanguages:- enmetrics:- Accuracyoriginal_task: falsename: problem_set_typereference: The template asks to generate the category of the problem set

4、使用方式

# Load an example from the datasets ag_news
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> dataset = load_dataset("ag_news", split="train")
>>> example = dataset[1]# Load prompts for this dataset
>>> from promptsource.templates import DatasetTemplates
>>> ag_news_prompts = DatasetTemplates('ag_news')# Print all the prompts available for this dataset. The keys of the dict are the uuids the uniquely identify each of the prompt, and the values are instances of `Template` which wraps prompts
>>> print(ag_news_prompts.templates)
{'24e44a81-a18a-42dd-a71c-5b31b2d2cb39': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7aeb20350>, '8fdc1056-1029-41a1-9c67-354fc2b8ceaf': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7aeb17c10>, '918267e0-af68-4117-892d-2dbe66a58ce9': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7ac7a2310>, '9345df33-4f23-4944-a33c-eef94e626862': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7ac7a2050>, '98534347-fff7-4c39-a795-4e69a44791f7': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7ac7a1310>, 'b401b0ee-6ffe-4a91-8e15-77ee073cd858': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7ac7a12d0>, 'cb355f33-7e8c-4455-a72b-48d315bd4f60': <promptsource.templates.Template object at 0x7fa7ac7a1110>}# Select a prompt by its name
>>> prompt = ag_news_prompts["classify_question_first"]# Apply the prompt to the example
>>> result = prompt.apply(example)
>>> print("INPUT: ", result[0])
INPUT:  What label best describes this news article?
Carlyle Looks Toward Commercial Aerospace (Reuters) Reuters - Private investment firm Carlyle Group,\which has a reputation for making well-timed and occasionally\controversial plays in the defense industry, has quietly placed\its bets on another part of the market.
>>> print("TARGET: ", result[1])
TARGET:  Business