maven mockito_如何：测试Maven项目（JUnit，Mockito，Hamcrest，AssertJ）中的依赖项

maven mockito

对于当今的大多数Java项目而言，JUnit本身还远远不够。您还需要一个模拟库，也许还有其他东西。在此迷你操作指南中，我介绍了可以在新的Java项目中开始的测试依赖项。

一切都始于JUnit

Maven存储库中的junit组中有两个工件： junit和junit-dep 。在4.9版之前，后者不包含对内联的Hamcrest的依赖。今天，我们使用junit依赖关系如下：

<dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

dependency:tree产生：

[INFO] \- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO]    \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test

莫基托

我们通常需要的下一个依赖是一个模拟框架。毫无疑问， Mockito是最受欢迎的游戏之一。它有两个好处： mockito-all和mockito-core 。第一个是将所有依赖项内联到其中的单个jar，而后者只是Mockito。建议将mockito-core与JUnit版本4.11一起使用。因此，我们添加依赖项：

<dependency><groupId>org.mockito</groupId><artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId><version>1.9.5</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

现在， dependency:tree产生：

[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO] |  \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] \- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.9.5:test
[INFO]    \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:1.0:test

Hamcrest

知道mockito-core更适合于声明式依赖性管理，因此，我们将覆盖对Hamcrest和Objenesis的依赖性，如下所示：

<dependency><groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId><artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency><dependency><groupId>org.objenesis</groupId><artifactId>objenesis</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

有了这个，我们可以轻松地添加Hamcrest库，该库提供了一个匹配对象库，依赖项：

<dependency><groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId><artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency><dependency><groupId>org.objenesis</groupId><artifactId>objenesis</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

并且dependency:tree产生：

[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.9.5:test
[INFO] +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:1.3:test

断言

AssertJ – Java的流畅断言–提供了一组丰富而直观的强类型断言，可用于单元测试。 AssertJ是FEST Assert的一个分支，我前一段时间在这篇文章中写过。那依赖性呢？让我们来看看：

<dependency><groupId>org.assertj</groupId><artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId><version>1.5.0</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

结果如下树：

[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.9.5:test
[INFO] +- org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:1.5.0:test
[INFO] +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:1.3:test

最终剪辑

完整的Maven结构如下所示：

<!-- Test -->
<dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.mockito</groupId><artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId><version>1.9.5</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.assertj</groupId><artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId><version>1.5.0</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId><artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId><artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.objenesis</groupId><artifactId>objenesis</artifactId><version>1.3</version><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>