#703 (Div. 2)

A. Shifting Stacks

从左往右构造递增0,1,2...，如果这样都不能递增就肯定无解

雷区：不能用等差数列算个数，因为这个移动必须是左到右的不能逆，hack: 0 0 3 AC:NO WA:YES

B. Eastern Exhibition

以前考试遇到过的相似度百分之九十五，横纵坐标拆开分别取中位数即可；偶数个点中位数是一段区间

#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define int long long
#define maxn 1005
int T, n;
int x[maxn], y[maxn];signed main() {scanf( "%lld", &T );while( T -- ) {scanf( "%lld", &n );for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )scanf( "%lld %lld", &x[i], &y[i] );sort( x + 1, x + n + 1 );sort( y + 1, y + n + 1 );if( n & 1 ) printf( "1\n" );else {int l = n >> 1, r = l + 1;printf( "%lld\n", ( x[r] - x[l] + 1 ) * ( y[r] - y[l] + 1 ) );}}return 0;
}

C. Guessing the Greatest

第一次询问整个序列确定次大值，然后再一次询问判断最大值是在左边还是右边

之后就是二分位置与次大值进行询问，找到最大值

煞笔二分再次死亡

#include <cstdio>
int n;int print( int l, int r ) {if( l >= r ) return -1;printf( "? %d %d\n", l, r );fflush( stdout );int pos;scanf( "%d", &pos );return pos;
}int main() {scanf( "%d", &n );int pos = print( 1, n );if( pos > 1 && print( 1, pos ) == pos ) {int l = 1, r = pos;while( l < r ) {int mid = ( l + r + 1 ) >> 1;if( print( mid, pos ) == pos ) l = mid;else r = mid - 1;}printf( "! %d\n", l );fflush( stdout );}else {int l = pos, r = n;while( l < r ) {int mid = ( l + r ) >> 1;if( print( pos, mid ) == pos ) r = mid;else l = mid + 1;}printf( "! %d\n", l );fflush( stdout );}return 0;
}

D. Max Median

二分最后的答案，将原数组转换为大于等于为$1$，小于为$-1$，看有无一段长度大于等于$k$的区间和为正

对于第$i$个位置，有$0,1,2,...,i-k$种选择，用前缀和最小值优化即可做到$O(nlogn)$

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define maxn 200005
int n, k, ans;
int a[maxn], b[maxn], minn[maxn];bool check( int x ) {for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )if( a[i] >= x ) b[i] = 1;else b[i] = -1;for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )b[i] += b[i - 1];for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )minn[i] = min( minn[i - 1], b[i] );for( int i = k;i <= n;i ++ )if( b[i] > minn[i - k] ) return 1;return 0;
}int main() {scanf( "%d %d", &n, &k );for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )scanf( "%d", &a[i] );int l = 1, r = n;while( l <= r ) {int mid = ( l + r ) >> 1;if( check( mid ) ) ans = mid, l = mid + 1;else r = mid - 1;}printf( "%d\n", ans );return 0;
}

E. Paired Payment

如果可以一条一条边地走，就是一个dijkstra板子

但必须两条两条走，也就是说这一次走的边产生的贡献与上一条边边权挂钩

再观察边权范围，只有$50$，小得离谱；很有可能就是从这里入手

不妨把上一条边权是多少带着dijkstra

设$di{s}_{i,j}$表示走到$i$点上一条的边权为$j$的最短路

最后为什么是$di{s}_{i,0}$，这是为了dijkstra的正确性，$di{s}_{i,0}$含义比较特殊，表示$i$为结束点（第二条边的入点）

#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
#define int long long
#define maxn 200005
struct node {int u, lst, d;node(){}node( int U, int Lst, int D ) {u = U, lst = Lst, d = D;}bool operator < ( node t ) const {return d > t.d;}
};
int n, m;
priority_queue < node > q;
vector < pair < int, int > > G[maxn];
int dis[maxn][55];signed main() {scanf( "%lld %lld", &n, &m );for( int i = 1, u, v, w;i <= m;i ++ ) {scanf( "%lld %lld %lld", &u, &v, &w );G[u].push_back( make_pair( v, w ) );G[v].push_back( make_pair( u, w ) );}memset( dis, 0x3f, sizeof( dis ) );dis[1][0] = 0;q.push( node( 1, 0, 0 ) );while( ! q.empty() ) {node t = q.top(); q.pop();int u = t.u, lst = t.lst;if( dis[u][lst] < t.d ) continue;for( int i = 0;i < G[u].size();i ++ ) {int v = G[u][i].first, w = G[u][i].second;int nxt = lst ? 0 : w;if( dis[v][nxt] > dis[u][lst] + 2 * lst * w + w * w )q.push( node( v, nxt, dis[v][nxt] = dis[u][lst] + 2 * lst * w + w * w ) );}}for( int i = 1;i <= n;i ++ )if( dis[i][0] >= 0x3f3f3f3f ) printf( "-1 " );else printf( "%lld ", dis[i][0] );return 0;
}

F. Pairs of Paths

事实上，只有两种情况

case 1: 两条路径相交于一条路径的$lca$

case 2: 两条路径拥有公共的$lca$

这意味着，符合条件的答案一定是交于某个$lca$的

对于每一条路径都定义一个三元组$(a,b,lca)$，其中$a,b$分别表示两个端点的树根，如果端点是$lca$，那么重新给个编号（因为这时候要判定为不同）

case1: 按$lca$排序，$a$严格递减排序后，用桶存储之前信息，然后每次加$S-cn{t}_b$，然后再把$cn{t}_a++,cn{t}_b++$

case2: 另一个$lca$一定是这个交点$lca$的祖先，用树状数组记录

#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define maxn 600005
#define int long long
struct node{int u, v, tu, tv, lca;
}MS[maxn];
vector < int > G[maxn];
int n, m, T, cnt;
int dep[maxn], l[maxn], r[maxn], tree[maxn], tot[maxn];
int f[maxn][20];bool cmp( node x, node y ) {if( dep[x.lca] == dep[y.lca] )if( x.lca == y.lca ) return x.tu > y.tu;else return x.lca < y.lca;elsereturn dep[x.lca] < dep[y.lca];
}void dfs( int u, int fa ) {dep[u] = dep[fa] + 1, f[u][0] = fa;for( int i = 1;i < 20;i ++ )f[u][i] = f[f[u][i - 1]][i - 1];l[u] = ++ cnt;for( int i = 0;i < G[u].size();i ++ ) {int v = G[u][i];if( v == fa ) continue;else dfs( v, u );}r[u] = cnt;
}int lca( int u, int v ) {if( dep[u] < dep[v] ) swap( u, v );for( int i = 19;~ i;i -- )if( dep[f[u][i]] >= dep[v] )u = f[u][i];if( u == v ) return u;for( int i = 19;~ i;i -- )if( f[u][i] != f[v][i] )u = f[u][i], v = f[v][i];return f[u][0];
}int get_top( int u, int lca ) {if( u == lca ) return ++ T;for( int i = 19;~ i;i -- )if( dep[f[u][i]] > dep[lca] )u = f[u][i];return u;
}int lowbit( int x ) {return x & ( -x );
}void add( int x ) {for( int i = x;i <= n;i += lowbit( i ) )tree[i] ++;
}int ask( int x ) {int ans = 0;for( int i = x;i;i -= lowbit( i ) )ans += tree[i];return ans;
}signed main() {scanf( "%lld", &n ); T = n;for( int i = 1, u, v;i < n;i ++ ) {scanf( "%lld %lld", &u, &v );G[u].push_back( v );G[v].push_back( u );}dfs( 1, 0 );scanf( "%lld", &m );for( int i = 1;i <= m;i ++ ) {scanf( "%lld %lld", &MS[i].u, &MS[i].v );MS[i].lca = lca( MS[i].u, MS[i].v );MS[i].tu = get_top( MS[i].u, MS[i].lca );MS[i].tv = get_top( MS[i].v, MS[i].lca );if( MS[i].tu > MS[i].tv ) {swap( MS[i].tu, MS[i].tv );swap( MS[i].u, MS[i].v );}}sort( MS + 1, MS + m + 1, cmp );int ans = 0;for( int i = 1, j;i <= m;i = j + 1 ) { j = i;while( j < m && MS[j + 1].lca == MS[i].lca ) j ++;cnt = 0;for( int s = i, t;s <= j;s = t + 1 ) {t = s;while( t < j && MS[t + 1].tu == MS[s].tu ) t ++;for( int k = s;k <= t;k ++ )ans += cnt - tot[MS[k].tv];for( int k = s;k <= t;k ++ )tot[MS[k].tv] ++, tot[MS[k].tu] ++;cnt += ( t - s + 1 );}for( int k = i;k <= j;k ++ )tot[MS[k].tu] = tot[MS[k].tv] = 0;for( int k = i;k <= j;k ++ ) {ans += ask( r[MS[k].lca] ) - ask( l[MS[k].lca] - 1 );if( MS[k].tu <= n ) ans -= ask( r[MS[k].tu] ) - ask( l[MS[k].tu] - 1 );if( MS[k].tv <= n )ans -= ask( r[MS[k].tv] ) - ask( l[MS[k].tv] - 1 );} for( int k = i;k <= j;k ++ )add( l[MS[k].u] ), add( l[MS[k].v] );}printf( "%lld\n", ans );return 0;
}