前言
在.NET Core应用中访问ASP.NET Core Web API接口,常用的方式是使用IHttpClientFactory生成HttpClient实例,并通过结合Polly策略,以实现重试,熔断等机制。
在本文中,我们将介绍如何使用Refit,结合Polly访问ASP.NET Core Web API。
Refit介绍
Refit是一个类型安全的REST开源库,可通过Refit更加简单安全地访问Web API接口。
首先,需要将Web API接口转换成interface:
public interface IWeatherAPI
{[Get("/WeatherForecast")]Task<WeatherForecast[]> Get();
}
然后,通过RestService类生成IWeatherAPI的代理实现,通过代理直接调用Web API接口:
var weatherAPI = RestService.For<IWeatherAPI>("http://localhost:5000");var weatherForeCasts = await weatherAPI.Get();
结合Polly
1.手工执行
可以通过Policy.ExecuteAsync方法执行Web API调用代码。下列代码实现了重试机制:
var weatherAPI = RestService.For<IWeatherAPI>("http://localhost:5000");var weatherForeCasts = await Policy.Handle<HttpRequestException>(ex => ex.InnerException.Message.Any()).RetryAsync(10, async (exception, retryCount) =>{await Console.Out.WriteLineAsync(exception.Message);}).ExecuteAsync(async () => await weatherAPI.Get());
2.依赖注入
更加方便的方式是使用依赖注入的方式,自动将Refit和Polly结合起来。
首先,引用Nuget包:
Refit.HttpClientFactory
Microsoft.Extensions.Http.Polly
然后,修改Startup.cs,注册RefitClient,并增加了超时和重试策略:
AsyncRetryPolicy<HttpResponseMessage> retryPolicy = HttpPolicyExtensions.HandleTransientHttpError().Or<TimeoutRejectedException>() .WaitAndRetryAsync(10, _ => TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5000));AsyncTimeoutPolicy<HttpResponseMessage> timeoutPolicy = Policy.TimeoutAsync<HttpResponseMessage>(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(30000));services.AddRefitClient<IWeatherAPI>().ConfigureHttpClient(c => c.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:5000")).AddPolicyHandler(retryPolicy).AddPolicyHandler(timeoutPolicy);
最后,直接使用IWeatherAPI:
private readonly IWeatherAPI _weatherAPI;public WeatherForecastController(IWeatherAPI weatherAPI)
{_weatherAPI = weatherAPI;
}[HttpGet]
public async Task<IEnumerable<WeatherForecast>> Get()
{var weatherForeCasts = await _weatherAPI.Get();return weatherForeCasts;
}
结论
今天,我们介绍了2种Refit结合Polly访问ASP.NET Core Web API的方法。推荐使用依赖注入方式,简化Refit集成Polly的操作。
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