前一篇了解了AngularJS的一些简单的使用,这里继续跟着w3c学习一下剩下的内容。
本篇根据w3cschool.cc继续学习AngularJS剩余的内容,包括:
1 事件
2 模块
3 表单
4 数据验证
5 bootstrap CSS风格
6 include包含其他页面
7 应用程序
8 参考手册
首先看一下html的事件
关于html的事件,文中给出了三个例子,点击、隐藏、显示。使用方法基本相同:
先看一下点击的例子,点击按钮后,会触发ng-click内的方法,进行累计加一:
<div ng-app="" ng-controller="myController"> <button ng-click="count = count + 1">点我!</button> <p>{{ count }}</p> </div>
对于ng-hide和ng-show原理相同,都是指定一个bool值,true或false。
初始的时候myVar的值为false,因此并不隐藏,每次点击myVar都会改变为相反的值,达到现实隐藏的效果。
<div ng-app="" ng-controller="personController"><button ng-click="toggle()">隐藏/显示</button><p ng-hide="myVar"> 名: <input type="text" ng-model="person.firstName"><br> 姓: <input type="text" ng-model="person.lastName"><br> <br> 姓名: {{person.firstName + " " + person.lastName}} </p></div><script> function personController($scope) {$scope.person = {firstName: "John",lastName: "Doe"};$scope.myVar = false;$scope.toggle = function() {$scope.myVar = !$scope.myVar;}; } </script>
ng-show使用方法也相同
<div ng-app="" ng-controller="personController"><button ng-click="toggle()">隐藏/显示</button><p ng-show="myVar"> 名: <input type="text" ng-model="person.firstName"><br> 姓: <input type="text" ng-model="person.lastName"><br> <br> 姓名: {{person.firstName + " " + person.lastName}} </p></div><script> function personController($scope) {$scope.person = {firstName: "John",lastName: "Doe"};$scope.myVar = true;$scope.toggle = function() {$scope.myVar = !$scope.myVar;}; } </script>
关于AngularJS的模块
模块定义了用户的应用,所有的控制器属于一个模块。之前使用的ng-app就是模块的定义。
例如下面的代码,定义了一个应用程序的模块myApp,并定义了一个控制器myCtrl:
<body><div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> {{ firstName + " " + lastName }} </div><script src="//www.w3cschool.cc/try/angularjs/1.2.5/angular.min.js"></script><script src="myApp.js"></script> <script src="myCtrl.js"></script></body>
对于控制器,也可以通过模块来定义声明:
<head> <script src="//www.w3cschool.cc/try/angularjs/1.2.5/angular.min.js"></script> </head><body><div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> {{ firstName + " " + lastName }} </div><script> var app = angular.module("myApp", []);app.controller("myCtrl", function($scope) {$scope.firstName = "John";$scope.lastName = "Doe"; }); </script></body>
不过要提前加载angularjs的脚本,这样再script中 angular.module才可以使用。或者在这句话的前面加载js。
关于AngularJS表单
表单是web中重要的组成部分,如下面样例所示,可以很方便的获取到form中的数据
<div ng-app="" ng-controller="formController"><form novalidate>First Name:<br><input type="text" ng-model="user.firstName"><br>Last Name:<br><input type="text" ng-model="user.lastName"><br><br><button ng-click="reset()">RESET</button></form><p>form = {{user}}</p><p>master = {{master}}</p> </div><script> function formController ($scope) {$scope.master = {firstName: "John", lastName: "Doe"};$scope.reset = function() {$scope.user = angular.copy($scope.master);};$scope.reset(); }; </script>
关于验证
AngularJS提供了很多验证机制,例如邮箱等。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h2>Validation Example</h2><form ng-app="" ng-controller="validateCtrl" name="myForm" novalidate><p>Username:<br><input type="text" name="user" ng-model="user" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.user.$error.required">Username is required.</span></span> </p><p>Email:<br><input type="email" name="email" ng-model="email" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.required">Email is required.</span><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.email">Invalid email address.</span></span> </p><p><input type="submit"ng-disabled="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid ||myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"> </p></form><script src="//apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script> <script> function validateCtrl($scope) {$scope.user = 'John Doe';$scope.email = 'john.doe@gmail.com'; } </script></body> </html>
可以通过.$dirty .$invalid来验证。
添加bootstrap样式
可以首先加载bootstrap css文件
<link rel="stylesheet" href="//apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
样例代码参考:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ang-app=""> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"> </head><body ng-controller="userController"> <div class="container"><h3>Users</h3><table class="table table-striped"><thead><tr><th>Edit</th><th>First Name</th><th>Last Name</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr ng-repeat="user in users"><td><button class="btn" ng-click="editUser(user.id)"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil"></span> Edit</button></td><td>{{ user.fName }}</td><td>{{ user.lName }}</td></tr></tbody> </table><hr> <button class="btn btn-success" ng-click="editUser('new')"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> Create New User </button> <hr><h3 ng-show="edit">Create New User:</h3> <h3 ng-hide="edit">Edit User:</h3><form class="form-horizontal"> <div class="form-group"><label class="col-sm-2 control-label">First Name:</label><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="text" ng-model="fName" ng-disabled="!edit" placeholder="First Name"></div> </div> <div class="form-group"><label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Last Name:</label><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="text" ng-model="lName" ng-disabled="!edit" placeholder="Last Name"></div> </div> <div class="form-group"><label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password:</label><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="password" ng-model="passw1" placeholder="Password"></div> </div> <div class="form-group"><label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Repeat:</label><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="password" ng-model="passw2" placeholder="Repeat Password"></div> </div> </form><hr> <button class="btn btn-success" ng-disabled="error || incomplete"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-save"></span> Save Changes </button> </div><script src = "http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script> <script src = "myUsers.js"></script> </body> </html>
关于include包含其他html
可以通过ng-include来包含其他的web页面:
<body> <div class="container"><div ng-include="'myUsers_List.htm'"></div><div ng-include="'myUsers_Form.htm'"></div> </div> </body>
关于应用程序
创建AngularJS应用程序
<div ng-app="myTodoApp" ng-controller="myTodoCtrl"><h2>我的笔记</h2><p><textarea ng-model="message" cols="40" rows="10"></textarea></p><p> <button ng-click="save()">保存</button> <button ng-click="clear()">清除</button> </p><p>剩下的字符数:<span ng-bind="left()"></span></p></div><script src="myTodoApp.js"></script> <script src="myTodoCtrl.js"></script>
最后是Angular的指定 过滤器参考
ng_app 定义应用程序
ng_bind 绑定数据
ng_click 定义元素单击行为
ng_controller 定义控制器对象
ng_disabled 定义html标签可用
ng_init 初始化数据
ng_model 绑定应用程序数据
ng_repeat 实现循环
ng_show 显示html标签
currency 转换成货币
filter 从数组中选择一个子集
lowercase 格式化字符串为小写
uppercase 格式化字符串为大写
orderBy 排序