一:背景
1. 讲故事
前段时间收到一个朋友的求助,说他的程序线程数疯涨,寻求如何解决。
等我分析完之后,我觉得这个问题很有代表性,所以拿出来和大家分享下,还是上老工具 WinDbg。
二:WinDbg 分析
1. 线程真的在疯涨吗
要想查线程有没有疯涨,可以用 !t
命令看一下。
0:000:x86> !t
ThreadCount: 382
UnstartedThread: 1
BackgroundThread: 376
PendingThread: 0
DeadThread: 2
Hosted Runtime: noLock ID OSID ThreadOBJ State GC Mode GC Alloc Context Domain Count Apt Exception0 1 59c 00e52fb0 26020 Preemptive 12D67610:00000000 00e4b408 0 STA 2 2 2b30 00e61aa0 2b220 Preemptive 00000000:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Finalizer) 3 3 18cc 00ea72b8 202b220 Preemptive 00000000:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA 5 4 1f18 00f02998 1020220 Preemptive 00000000:00000000 00e4b408 0 Ukn (Threadpool Worker)
XXXX 6 0 00f056f8 39820 Preemptive 00000000:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA 6 7 2154 09052448 202b020 Preemptive 12E353E0:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA ...377 373 2ee8 21a90958 1029220 Preemptive 12D1FCCC:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 378 374 227c 21b1d510 1029220 Preemptive 12DCBFC8:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 379 375 7e8 21b1baa8 1029220 Preemptive 12D39ADC:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 380 376 1d1c 21a8fec8 1029220 Preemptive 12D11F40:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 381 366 19ec 215c1bd0 1029220 Preemptive 12DB42D8:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 382 377 1dc8 21b1bff0 1029220 Preemptive 12C71F9C:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 383 378 f94 215bc750 1029220 Preemptive 12E10568:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 384 379 17d4 21ac5580 1029220 Preemptive 12D8EE98:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 385 381 2c1c 21b1b018 1029220 Preemptive 12D0DD00:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 386 380 309c 21b1da58 1029220 Preemptive 12E25028:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker) 387 382 3048 21ac6aa0 1029220 Preemptive 12DFA918:00000000 00e4b408 0 MTA (Threadpool Worker)
从卦中看,主线程是一个 STA,说明是一个窗体程序,一个窗体能做到 387 个线程,也是挺牛的,同时也能观察到大多都是 ThreadPool Worker
,也就是线程池工作线程。
2. 这些线程都在干嘛
这里有一个小技巧,那就是线程号越大,往往都是最新创建的,往往从这里面就能套出来一些有用的东西,言外之意就扒一扒 380 ~ 387
这些线程的调用栈。
0:387:x86> ~387s
ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc:
773f29dc c20c00 ret 0Ch
0:387:x86> k
CvRegToMachine(x86) conversion failure for 0x14f
X86MachineInfo::SetVal: unknown register 0 requested# ChildEBP RetAddr
00 31fef104 755a1539 ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc
01 31fef104 74b3ee3b KERNELBASE!WaitForSingleObjectEx+0x99
02 31fef168 74b3efed clr!CLRSemaphore::Wait+0xbe
03 31fef19c 74b3eee2 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::UnfairSemaphore::Wait+0x13a
04 31fef204 74a54c27 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::WorkerThreadStart+0x328
05 31feff24 7649fa29 clr!Thread::intermediateThreadProc+0x58
06 31feff34 773e7a7e kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19
07 31feff90 773e7a4e ntdll_77380000!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f
0:387:x86> ~386s
ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc:
773f29dc c20c00 ret 0Ch
0:386:x86> k
CvRegToMachine(x86) conversion failure for 0x14f
X86MachineInfo::SetVal: unknown register 0 requested# ChildEBP RetAddr
00 31d6ede4 755a1539 ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc
01 31d6ede4 74b3ee3b KERNELBASE!WaitForSingleObjectEx+0x99
02 31d6ee48 74b3efed clr!CLRSemaphore::Wait+0xbe
03 31d6ee7c 74b3eee2 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::UnfairSemaphore::Wait+0x13a
04 31d6eee4 74a54c27 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::WorkerThreadStart+0x328
05 31d6fb84 7649fa29 clr!Thread::intermediateThreadProc+0x58
06 31d6fb94 773e7a7e kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19
07 31d6fbf0 773e7a4e ntdll_77380000!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f
0:386:x86> ~385s
ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc:
773f29dc c20c00 ret 0Ch
0:385:x86> k
CvRegToMachine(x86) conversion failure for 0x14f
X86MachineInfo::SetVal: unknown register 0 requested# ChildEBP RetAddr
00 31eaee64 755a1539 ntdll_77380000!NtWaitForSingleObject+0xc
01 31eaee64 74b3ee3b KERNELBASE!WaitForSingleObjectEx+0x99
02 31eaeec8 74b3efed clr!CLRSemaphore::Wait+0xbe
03 31eaeefc 74b3eee2 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::UnfairSemaphore::Wait+0x13a
04 31eaef64 74a54c27 clr!ThreadpoolMgr::WorkerThreadStart+0x328
05 31eafb7c 7649fa29 clr!Thread::intermediateThreadProc+0x58
06 31eafb8c 773e7a7e kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x19
07 31eafbe8 773e7a4e ntdll_77380000!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f
从线程栈上看,这些线程都在 UnfairSemaphore
处等待,这是一个正常现象,因为这些线程都是通过 UnfairSemaphore
锁来唤醒,不过奇怪的是,这些线程为什么产生,又为什么不被消亡?
根据经验预测:肯定有代码在不断的调度
线程池
线程,然后又做了一个短命的操作,导致线程池线程不断新增,又得不到线程可以被消亡的阈值。
3. 程序真的在频繁调度线程吗
既然猜测是程序在频繁的调用线程池线程,能做的只能是观察此时 dump 中的所有线程的线程栈,看能不能挖到点有价值的东西,可以使用 ~*e !clrstack
命令。
经过仔细观察这近400个线程栈,发现有 37 处都是 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(Int32)
, 而且大多都是 HslCommunication.Core.Net.NetworkBase.ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut(System.Object)
函数,能清楚的看到是由线程池发起的,接下来就是用 ILSpy 反编译下这个函数看下到底是怎么回事。
protected void ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut(object obj){HslTimeOut hslTimeOut;if ((hslTimeOut = obj as HslTimeOut) == null){return;}while (!hslTimeOut.IsSuccessful){Thread.Sleep(100);if ((DateTime.Now - hslTimeOut.StartTime).TotalMilliseconds > (double)hslTimeOut.DelayTime){if (!hslTimeOut.IsSuccessful){LogNet?.WriteWarn(ToString(), "Wait Time Out : " + hslTimeOut.DelayTime);hslTimeOut.Operator?.Invoke();hslTimeOut.WorkSocket?.Close();}break;}}}
接下来通过 ILSpy 查看这个方法的引用,发现有很多处,抽几个如下:
protected OperateResult<TNetMessage> ReceiveMessage<TNetMessage>(Socket socket, int timeOut, TNetMessage netMsg) where TNetMessage : INetMessage{...if (timeOut > 0){ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut, hslTimeOut);}...}protected OperateResult<Socket> CreateSocketAndConnect(IPEndPoint endPoint, int timeOut){...ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut, hslTimeOut);...}protected void CreateSocketAndConnect(IPEndPoint endPoint, int timeOut, Action<OperateResult<Socket>> connectCallback){...ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut, hslTimeOut);...}
从上面代码看,确实存在一些商榷的地方,很多的 socket 操作都用线程池来处理 ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut()
函数,而在这个函数内当 hslTimeOut.IsSuccessful =false
的时候,在 if ((DateTime.Now - hslTimeOut.StartTime).TotalMilliseconds > (double)hslTimeOut.DelayTime)
不满足的时间区间内会一直 sleep,这就导致当 socket 请求量上去后,导致很多线程处于 sleep 状态, 线程池又不得不生成更多的线程来处理 ThreadPoolCheckTimeOut()
逻辑。
到这里终于就找到了符合 线程池线程 疯涨的底层逻辑,接下来看看 HslCommunication.dll
为何物,去找一下它的类库声明。
[assembly: CompilationRelaxations(8)]
[assembly: RuntimeCompatibility(WrapNonExceptionThrows = true)]
[assembly: Debuggable(DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.IgnoreSymbolStoreSequencePoints)]
[assembly: AssemblyTitle("HslCommunication")]
[assembly: AssemblyDescription("一个框架库,包含完善的网络通信及日志组件")]
[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
[assembly: AssemblyProduct("HslCommunication")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © By Richard.Hu 2018")]
[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
[assembly: Guid("d3710b78-1b32-4d53-9604-0451a795a2f5")]
[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("5.3.2.0")]
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("5.3.2.0")]
可以看到,这是一个商业组件。
三:总结
由于定位到疑似是 HslCommunication
组件的问题,看了下还是 商业版
, 这就尴尬了,建议的解决办法如下:
1) 短期:
用 ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads
限定线程上限。
2) 长期:
找作者看看有没有最新版,或者到 https://github.com/dathlin/HslCommunication
上提一个 issue,让别人系统性解决一下。