产生均值为0，方差 σ^2 = 1，标准差σ = 1的正态分布的随机数或矩阵的函数。

Example:产生一个随机分布的指定均值和方差的矩阵：将randn产生的结果乘以标准差，然后加上期望均值即可。例如，产生均值为0.6，方差为0.1的一个5*5的随机数方式如下：

x = .6 + sqrt(0.1) * randn(5)

x =

0.8713    0.4735    0.8114    0.0927    0.7672

0.9966    0.8182    0.9766    0.6814    0.6694

0.0960    0.8579    0.2197    0.2659    0.3085

0.1443    0.8251    0.5937    1.0475   -0.0864

0.7806    1.0080    0.5504    0.3454    0.5813

其他类似函数：rand, randperm, sprand, sprandn

randn

Normally distributed random numbers and arrays

Syntax

Y = randn(n)

Y = randn(m,n)

Y = randn([m n])

Y = randn(m,n,p,...)

Y = randn([m n p...])

Y = randn(size(A))

randn

s = randn('state')

Description

The randn function generates arrays of random numbers whose elements are normally distributed with mean 0, variance σ^2 = 1 , and standard deviation σ = 1.

Y = randn(n) returns an n-by-n matrix of random entries. An error message appears if n is not a scalar. Y = randn(m,n) or Y = randn([m n]) returns an m-by-n matrix of random entries. Y = randn(m,n,p,...) or Y = randn([m n p...]) generates random arrays. Y = randn(size(A)) returns an array of random entries that is the same size as A. randn, by itself, returns a scalar whose value changes each time it's referenced. s = randn('state') returns a 2-element vector containing the current state of the normal generator. To change the state of the generator: randn('state',s)Resets the state to s. randn('state',0)Resets the generator to its initial state. randn('state',j)For integer j, resets the generator to its jth state. randn('state',sum(100*clock))Resets it to a different state each time.ExamplesExample 1. R = randn(3,4) may produce  R =

1.1650    0.3516    0.0591    0.8717

0.6268   -0.6965    1.7971   -1.4462

0.0751    1.6961    0.2641   -0.7012

For a histogram of the randn distribution, see hist. Example 2. Generate a random distribution with a specific mean and variance . To do this, multiply the output of randn by the standard deviation , and then add the desired mean. For example, to generate a 5-by-5 array of random numbers with a mean of .6 that are distributed with a variance of 0.1 x = .6 + sqrt(0.1) * randn(5)

x =

0.8713    0.4735    0.8114    0.0927    0.7672

0.9966    0.8182    0.9766    0.6814    0.6694

0.0960    0.8579    0.2197    0.2659    0.3085

0.1443    0.8251    0.5937    1.0475   -0.0864

0.7806    1.0080    0.5504    0.3454    0.5813

See Also rand, randperm, sprand, sprandn

[本帖最后由 treeman 于 2010-10-14 22:22 编辑]