目录
1、将mysql数据导出到SQL文件中(数据库存在的情况)
2、将现有的sql文件数据导入到数据库中(前提数据库存在)
1)从数据库导出SQL文件
2)导入SQL文件到数据库
1、将mysql数据导出到SQL文件中(数据库存在的情况)
主要需要修改数据库的相关信息,端口号、用户名、密码等
其中数据库得存在,不然会报错
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/29 13:06
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : exportSqlFile.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:导出数据库文件sqlimport osclass InitSql(object):sql_file = "A.sql"def import_server_db(self):mysqldump_commad_dict = {'dumpcommad': 'mysqldump ', 'server': 'localhost', 'user': 'root','password': 'root', 'port': 3306, 'db': 'studentmanagersystem'}# mysqldump 命令sqlfromat = "mysqldump --column-statistics=0 -h%s -u%s -p%s -P%s %s > %s"# 生成相应的sql语句sql = (sqlfromat % (mysqldump_commad_dict['server'],mysqldump_commad_dict['user'],mysqldump_commad_dict['password'],mysqldump_commad_dict['port'],mysqldump_commad_dict['db'],self.sql_file))print("执行的导出数据库的sql:" + sql)result = os.system(sql)return resultif __name__ == '__main__':initSql = InitSql()initSql.import_server_db()
生成的sql文件如下所示:
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 8.0.29, for Win64 (x86_64) -- -- Host: localhost Database: studentmanagersystem -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version 8.0.29/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!50503 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;-- -- Table structure for table `studenttable` --DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `studenttable`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!50503 SET character_set_client = utf8mb4 */; CREATE TABLE `studenttable` (`number` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`sex` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`classes` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`floor` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`room` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`tel` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,`money` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`number`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;-- -- Dumping data for table `studenttable` --LOCK TABLES `studenttable` WRITE; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `studenttable` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `studenttable` VALUES ('2201','刘同学','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30'),('2202','张同学','男','2班','A2','211','1121','13'),('2203','管同学','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2204','管同学','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2205','刘同学','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2206','张同学','男','2班','A2','211','1121','13'),('2208','杨同学','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30'),('2209','蔡同学','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `studenttable` ENABLE KEYS */; UNLOCK TABLES; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */; /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;-- Dump completed on 2022-06-05 0:30:03
2、将现有的sql文件数据导入到数据库中(前提数据库存在)
这里的话其实就是将SQL文件进行分割成一条条SQL语句,然后顺序执行即可
import pymysql
from pathlib import Pathclass ConnectMsql:def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=3306, user='root',password='root', database="studentmanagersystem", filename: str = "studenttable.sql"):""":param host: 域名:param port: 端口:param user: 用户名:param password: 密码:param database: 数据库名:param filename: 文件名称"""self._host: str = hostself._port: int = portself._user: str = userself._password: str = passwordself._database: str = databaseself._file_path = Path(__file__).parent.joinpath(filename)def _show_databases_and_create(self):"""查询数据库是否存在,不存在则进行新建操作:return:"""connection = pymysql.connect(host=self._host, port=self._port, user=self._user, password=self._password,cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)with connection:with connection.cursor() as cursor:cursor.execute('show databases;')result = cursor.fetchall()results = self._database not in tuple(x["Database"] for x in result)if results:with connection.cursor() as cursor:cursor.execute(f'create database {self._database};')with connection.cursor() as cursor:cursor.execute('show databases;')result = cursor.fetchall()results = self._database in tuple(x["Database"] for x in result)return results if results else resultelse:return Truedef _export_databases_data(self):"""读取.sql文件,解析处理后,执行sql语句:return:"""if self._show_databases_and_create() is True:connection = pymysql.connect(host=self._host, port=self._port, user=self._user, password=self._password,database=self._database, charset='utf8')# 读取sql文件,并提取出sql语句results, results_list = "", []with open(self._file_path, mode="r+", encoding="utf-8") as r:for sql in r.readlines():# 去除数据中的“\n”和“\r”字符sql = sql.replace("\n", "").replace("\r", "")# 获取不是“--”开头且不是“--”结束的数据if not sql.startswith("--") and not sql.endswith("--"):# 获取不是“--”的数据if not sql.startswith("--"):results = results + sql# 根据“;”分割数据,处理后插入列表中for i in results.split(";"):if i.startswith("/*"):results_list.append(i.split("*/")[1] + ";")# print(i.split("*/")[1] + ";")else:results_list.append(i + ";")# print(i + ";")# 执行sql语句with connection:with connection.cursor() as cursor:# 循环获取sql语句for x in results_list[:-1]:if x != ";":print(x)# 执行sql语句cursor.execute(x)# 提交事务connection.commit()else:return "sql全部语句执行成功 !"@propertydef sql_run(self):"""执行方法:return:"""return self._export_databases_data()if __name__ == '__main__':res = ConnectMsql().sql_runprint(res)
利用Navicat软件可视化数据库,可以看到导入SQL文件成功
3、利用Navicat导出SQL文件和导入SQL文件
1)从数据库导出SQL文件
选择需要导出的数据表——右键——转储为SQL文件——数据和结构
这样就可以将数据表的结构和数据都一起保存在SQL文件中
2)导入SQL文件到数据库
右键选中需要导入的数据库——运行SQL文件
点击开始后,即开始运行SQL文件,出现下述字样表明导入SQL文件成功