hyperf 十八数据库一

教程地址：Hyperf

一、安装

1.1 hyperf框架

composer require hyperf/db-connection

1.2 其他框架

composer require hyperf/database

二、配置

配置项	类型	默认值	备注
driver	string	无	数据库引擎
host	string	无	数据库地址
database	string	无	数据库默认 DB
username	string	无	数据库用户名
password	string	null	数据库密码
charset	string	utf8	数据库编码
collation	string	utf8_unicode_ci	数据库编码
prefix	string	''	数据库模型前缀
timezone	string	null	数据库时区
pool.min_connections	int	1	连接池内最少连接数
pool.max_connections	int	10	连接池内最大连接数
pool.connect_timeout	float	10.0	连接等待超时时间
pool.wait_timeout	float	3.0	超时时间
pool.heartbeat	int	-1	心跳
pool.max_idle_time	float	60.0	最大闲置时间
options	array		PDO 配置

options相关pdo文档：PHP: PDO - Manual

三、多库配置、读写分离、原生查询、sql输出

由于hyperf/database 衍生于 illuminate/database 。

illuminate/database多库配置和读写分离参考illuminate/database 使用四-CSDN博客；原生查询和sql输出参考illuminate/database 使用五-CSDN博客。

3.1 原生查询-事务

3.1.1 自动管理数据库事务

根据文档描述：如果事务的闭包 Closure 中出现一个异常，事务将会回滚。如果事务闭包 Closure 执行成功，事务将自动提交。

确实比手动方便，但是还得查下报错怎么处理。

根据之前文章，应该明白Illuminate\Database中调用顺序，即从Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager最后会调用到Illuminate\Database\Connectionl。Connectionl中调用Concerns\ManagesTransactions类。transaction()方法在ManagesTransactions类中被调用。

源码如下

trait ManagesTransactions
{/*** Execute a Closure within a transaction.** @param  \Closure  $callback* @param  int  $attempts* @return mixed** @throws \Throwable*/public function transaction(Closure $callback, $attempts = 1){for ($currentAttempt = 1; $currentAttempt <= $attempts; $currentAttempt++) {$this->beginTransaction();// We'll simply execute the given callback within a try / catch block and if we// catch any exception we can rollback this transaction so that none of this// gets actually persisted to a database or stored in a permanent fashion.try {$callbackResult = $callback($this);}// If we catch an exception we'll rollback this transaction and try again if we// are not out of attempts. If we are out of attempts we will just throw the// exception back out and let the developer handle an uncaught exceptions.catch (Throwable $e) {$this->handleTransactionException($e, $currentAttempt, $attempts);continue;}try {if ($this->transactions == 1) {$this->getPdo()->commit();}$this->transactions = max(0, $this->transactions - 1);if ($this->transactions == 0) {optional($this->transactionsManager)->commit($this->getName());}} catch (Throwable $e) {$this->handleCommitTransactionException($e, $currentAttempt, $attempts);continue;}$this->fireConnectionEvent('committed');return $callbackResult;}}/*** Handle an exception encountered when running a transacted statement.** @param  \Throwable  $e* @param  int  $currentAttempt* @param  int  $maxAttempts* @return void** @throws \Throwable*/protected function handleTransactionException(Throwable $e, $currentAttempt, $maxAttempts){// On a deadlock, MySQL rolls back the entire transaction so we can't just// retry the query. We have to throw this exception all the way out and// let the developer handle it in another way. We will decrement too.if ($this->causedByConcurrencyError($e) &&$this->transactions > 1) {$this->transactions--;optional($this->transactionsManager)->rollback($this->getName(), $this->transactions);throw $e;}// If there was an exception we will rollback this transaction and then we// can check if we have exceeded the maximum attempt count for this and// if we haven't we will return and try this query again in our loop.$this->rollBack();if ($this->causedByConcurrencyError($e) &&$currentAttempt < $maxAttempts) {return;}throw $e;}
/*** Handle an exception encountered when committing a transaction.** @param  \Throwable  $e* @param  int  $currentAttempt* @param  int  $maxAttempts* @return void** @throws \Throwable*/protected function handleCommitTransactionException(Throwable $e, $currentAttempt, $maxAttempts){$this->transactions = max(0, $this->transactions - 1);if ($this->causedByConcurrencyError($e) &&$currentAttempt < $maxAttempts) {return;}if ($this->causedByLostConnection($e)) {$this->transactions = 0;}throw $e;}……
}

如源码所示，闭包执行错误，执行handleTransactionException()方法，处理回滚，并抛出异常。

$this->transactions--大概是处理事务嵌套相关代码。

提交异常，执行handleCommitTransactionException()方法，嵌套事务大概会继续执行，最后抛出异常。

测试代码

function test4()
{Capsule::transaction(function () {Capsule::table('userinfo')->where(['id' => 1])->update(['votes' => 1]);});
}
test4();

运行结果

Fatal error: Uncaught PDOException: SQLSTATE[42S22]: Column not found: 1054 Unknown column 'votes' in 'field list' in D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\vendor\illuminate\database\Connection.php on line 712Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[42S22]: Column not found: 1054 Unknown column 'votes' in 'field list' (SQL: update `userinfo` set `votes` = 1 where (`id` = 1)) in D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\vendor\illuminate\database\Connection.php on line 712Call Stack:0.0009     411368   1. {main}() D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\test.php:00.0208    1925160   2. test4() D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\test.php:1190.0208    1925480   3. Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager::transaction(class Closure) D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\test.php:1170.0208    1925856   4. Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager::__callStatic(string(11), array(1)) D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\test.php:1170.0269    2634512   5. Illuminate\Database\MySqlConnection->transaction(class Closure, ???) D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\vendor\illuminate\database\Capsule\Manager.php:2000.0705    3895296   6. Illuminate\Database\MySqlConnection->handleTransactionException(class Illuminate\Database\QueryException, long, long) D:\workspace\php\wj_test\illuminate_database\vendor\illuminate\database\Concerns\ManagesTransactions.php:37

此时update执行Illuminate\Database\Connection::update(),update调用Connection::run()执行,run()通过Connection::runQueryCallback()执行,产生PDO异常，再将PDO异常传递给\Illuminate\Database\QueryException异常。

使用throw 会直接输出异常。

PDOException：PHP: PDOException - Manual

3.1.2 手动管理数据库事务

function test5()
{Capsule::beginTransaction();try {Capsule::table('userinfo')->where(['id' => 1])->update(['votes' => 1]);Capsule::commit();} catch (\Throwable $th) {var_dump($th->getMessage());Capsule::rollBack();}
}
test5();

和之前是同样的道理，代码最后执行都是Connectionl类，Connectionl::beginTransaction()、Connectionl::commit()、Connectionl::rollback()，都是Connectionl中调用的ManagesTransactions类中的方法。

例子中Capsule类相当于官网的DB类。