20231213给Ubuntu18.04.6LTS新加一块HDD机械硬盘
2023/12/13 22:50

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS \n \l

sudo fdisk -l
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ 
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo fdisk -lu
Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ df -l
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ df -h
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 1EA81334A8130A43 -> ../../nvme0n1p3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 12月 13 19:02 275a607b-41c4-465a-8786-dbddd50fdde1 -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 3E8F-C18C -> ../../nvme0n1p1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 684affcc-c9d6-49e9-a59f-fae6fed920e4 -> ../../nvme0n1p4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 79a6d6b6-2dba-4c71-8e5b-ed0bfccdf0c5 -> ../../nvme0n1p6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 a7df407a-5110-406f-bd60-22150fbcc79b -> ../../nvme0n1p7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 ab3419af-9a42-4d3c-b9aa-993bb740dd3b -> ../../nvme0n1p5

# 创建要挂载的文件夹
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ mkdir 3TB
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo chmod 777 3TB
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo chmod 777 3TB
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo chown rootroot.rootroot 3TB
# 挂载硬盘到该文件夹上
mount /dev/sda /home/rootroot/3TB

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sda
/dev/sda: UUID="275a607b-41c4-465a-8786-dbddd50fdde1" TYPE="ext4"
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ 
# 进入 fstab 修改配置
vim /etc/fstab
# 在最后面加入指定信息
UUID=67E91005-EB18-4E24-8410-EB9A1C2E3882 /data ext4 defaults 0 0

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:/etc$ sudo chmod 777 fstab
echo "UUID=/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "UUID=275a607b-41c4-465a-8786-dbddd50fdde1 /home/rootroot/3TB ext4 defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ 
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS \n \l

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ 
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo fdisk -lu
[sudo] password for rootroot: 
Disk /dev/loop0: 349.7 MiB, 366682112 bytes, 716176 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop1: 349.7 MiB, 366678016 bytes, 716168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop2: 1.6 MiB, 1617920 bytes, 3160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop3: 40.9 MiB, 42827776 bytes, 83648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop4: 812 KiB, 831488 bytes, 1624 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop5: 4 KiB, 4096 bytes, 8 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop6: 804 KiB, 823296 bytes, 1608 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop7: 73.9 MiB, 77492224 bytes, 151352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A04A57C4-8AD6-4754-AA51-4D184197F029

Device              Start        End    Sectors   Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1       2048     206847     204800   100M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2     206848     239615      32768    16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme0n1p3     239616  620394279  620154664 295.7G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p4  620394496  621481983    1087488   531M Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p5  621481984  637536255   16054272   7.7G Linux swap
/dev/nvme0n1p6  637536256 3809372159 3171835904   1.5T Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p7 3809372160 3905075199   95703040  45.7G Linux filesystem

Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

Disk /dev/loop8: 497 MiB, 521121792 bytes, 1017816 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ 
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs           6.3G  3.7M  6.3G   1% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p7   45G   14G   30G  32% /
tmpfs            32G     0   32G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs            32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0      486M  486M     0 100% /snap/gnome-42-2204/126
/dev/loop1      896K  896K     0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/121
/dev/loop2      512K  512K     0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/791
/dev/loop3      219M  219M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/90
/dev/loop4       41M   41M     0 100% /snap/snapd/20092
/dev/loop6       92M   92M     0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1535
/dev/loop5      1.5M  1.5M     0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/184
/dev/loop7      1.7M  1.7M     0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/186
/dev/nvme0n1p4  506M  126M  343M  27% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1   96M   30M   67M  31% /boot/efi
/dev/loop9       64M   64M     0 100% /snap/core20/1974
/dev/loop8      350M  350M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/143
/dev/loop10      41M   41M     0 100% /snap/snapd/20290
/dev/nvme0n1p6  1.5T  1.1T  291G  80% /home
/dev/loop11     219M  219M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/93
/dev/loop12     896K  896K     0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/119
/dev/loop13     128K  128K     0 100% /snap/bare/5
/dev/loop14      64M   64M     0 100% /snap/core20/2015
/dev/loop15     512K  512K     0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/795
/dev/loop16      66M   66M     0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1515
/dev/loop17     497M  497M     0 100% /snap/gnome-42-2204/141
/dev/loop18      75M   75M     0 100% /snap/core22/1033
/dev/loop19      74M   74M     0 100% /snap/core22/864
/dev/loop20      56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2796
/dev/loop21      56M   56M     0 100% /snap/core18/2812
/dev/loop22     350M  350M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/140
/dev/loop23     2.3M  2.3M     0 100% /snap/gnome-calculator/953
/dev/loop24     2.3M  2.3M     0 100% /snap/gnome-calculator/955
tmpfs           6.3G   36K  6.3G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda        2.7T   28K  2.6T   1% /home/rootroot/3TB
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ 
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 1EA81334A8130A43 -> ../../nvme0n1p3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 12月 13 19:02 275a607b-41c4-465a-8786-dbddd50fdde1 -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 3E8F-C18C -> ../../nvme0n1p1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 684affcc-c9d6-49e9-a59f-fae6fed920e4 -> ../../nvme0n1p4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 79a6d6b6-2dba-4c71-8e5b-ed0bfccdf0c5 -> ../../nvme0n1p6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 a7df407a-5110-406f-bd60-22150fbcc79b -> ../../nvme0n1p7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 12月 13 18:50 ab3419af-9a42-4d3c-b9aa-993bb740dd3b -> ../../nvme0n1p5
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ 
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~/3TB$ 

参考资料：
百度：Ubuntu环境下挂载新硬盘
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/666997493
Ubuntu挂载新硬盘

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/388362234
Linux Ubuntu 硬盘挂载方法

# 创建要挂载的文件夹
mkdir /data
# 挂载硬盘到该文件夹上
mount /dev/sde /data

rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sda
/dev/sda: UUID="275a607b-41c4-465a-8786-dbddd50fdde1" TYPE="ext4"
rootroot@rootroot-X99-Turbo:~$ 
# 进入 fstab 修改配置
vim /etc/fstab
# 在最后面加入指定信息
UUID=67E91005-EB18-4E24-8410-EB9A1C2E3882 /data ext4 defaults 0 0

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/623064560
ubuntu 挂载新硬盘

https://www.jianshu.com/p/be174d108186
DISK MOUNT

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33031419/article/details/133056014
如何在Ubuntu中挂载新硬盘

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_19253847/article/details/129198661
Ubuntu系统下如何挂载新硬盘2T及以下/挂载2T以上

10.将硬盘分区信息加入分区信息表，供系统识别。
echo "UUID=/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
不建议直接用/dev/sdd等挂载，建议用UUID：
ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ 查看id