安装kafka，直接到官网下载bin文件，本文使用windows进行使用kafka。

下载之后，第一步，启动zookeeper：

zookeeper-server-start.bat ..\..\config\zookeeper.properties

 第二步，启动kafka：

kafka-server-start.bat ..\..\config\server.properties

 第三步，在pom中导入依赖：

    <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- kafkfa --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId><artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId><artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId><artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId></dependency>

第四步，修改yml文件，添加配置：

spring:kafka:bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092producer:retries: 10key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializervalue-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializerconsumer:group-id: ${spring.application.name}-testkey-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializervalue-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer

第五步， 即可编写测试类（测试消息队列）：

生产者：

package com.farm.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class HelloController {@Autowiredprivate KafkaTemplate<String,String> kafkaTemplate;@GetMapping("/hello")public String hello(){kafkaTemplate.send("topic1","你好旧时光");return "ok";}
}

消费者：

package com.farm.controller;import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;@Component
public class HelloListener {@KafkaListener(topics = "topic1")public void onMessage(String message){if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(message)){System.out.println(message);}}
}

效果如下：

只要访问/hello就可以触发生产者向topic1主题发送“你好旧时光”的字样，通过注解可以让消费者消费这条消息。

补充：发送对象，采用fastjson进行封装：

@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){User user = new User();user.setUsername("xiaowang");user.setAge(18);kafkaTemplate.send("topic1", JSON.toJSONString(user));return "ok";
}

消费者：

package com.heima.kafka.listener;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.heima.kafka.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;@Component
public class HelloListener {@KafkaListener(topics = "topic1")public void onMessage(String message){if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(message)){User user = JSON.parseObject(message, User.class);System.out.println(user);}}
}