修复磁盘
挂载报错：
[root@localhost ~]$ mount /dev/sdb /mnt/mydev
mount: /dev/sdb is write-protected, mounting read-only
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb,missing codepage or helper program, or other errorIn some cases useful info is found in syslog - trydmesg | tail or so.
检查文件系统也报错：
[root@localhost ~]$ fsck -f /dev/sdb
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdbThe superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2
filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
使用提示命令修复失败：
[root@localhost ~]$ e2fsck -b 8193 /dev/sdb
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdbThe superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2
filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
磁盘坏道
重新格式化：
[root@localhost ~]$ mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
244056064 inodes, 976224256 blocks
48811212 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=3124756480
29792 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
再次检查状态，已经正常：
[root@localhost ~]$ fsck -f /dev/sdb
fsck from util-linux 2.23.2
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/sdb: 11/244056064 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 15378664/976224256 blocks
挂载磁盘
列出系统中当前连接的硬盘：
[root@localhost ~]$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 292.3 GB, 292326211584 bytes, 570949632 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00024085Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 570949631 284425216 8e Linux LVMDisk /dev/sdb: 3998.6 GB, 3998614552576 bytes, 7809794048 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
/dev/sdb是新的物理盘，没有逻辑分区，需要先分区：
[root@localhost ~]$ fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-4294967295, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4294967294, default 4294967294):
Using default value 4294967294
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 TiB is set
查看刚刚创建的新分区：
Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 3998.6 GB, 3998614552576 bytes, 7809794048 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe0692258Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4294967294 2147482623+ 83 Linux
确认并保存修改：
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
格式化新分区
[root@localhost ~]$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
134217728 inodes, 536870655 blocks
26843532 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560
16384 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848, 512000000Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
挂载：
[root@localhost ~]$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/mydev/
查看：
[root@localhost ~]$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 9.3G 41G 19% /
devtmpfs 48G 0 48G 0% /dev
tmpfs 48G 0 48G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 48G 34M 48G 1% /run
tmpfs 48G 0 48G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 180M 835M 18% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 218G 57M 218G 1% /home
tmpfs 9.5G 52K 9.5G 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdc4 29G 4.3G 25G 15% /run/media/uxdb/CentOS 7 x8
/dev/sdb1 2.0T 81M 1.9T 1% /mnt/mydev
