一、安装opencv依赖

sudo apt-get install build-essential 
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

如遇libjasper-dev报错，执行如下指令

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev

opencv下载链接
解压opencv-4.5.5和opencv_contrib-4.5.5，并将解压后的放到opencv-4.5.5文件夹下

opencv-4.5.5|__build|__opencv_contrib-4.5.5

二、在opencv-4.5.5文件夹下新建build

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON .. \-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/xxxx/opencv-4.5.5/opencv_contrib-4.5.5/modules ..
make -j8
sudo make install

三、在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加配置

sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf

在文件最后添加

/usr/local/lib

执行

sudo ldconfig

四、修改bash.bashrc文件

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

在文件最后添加

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

执行

source /etc/bash.bashrc

五、安装完测试

/xxx/opencv-4.3.0/samples/cpp/example_cmake
cmake .
make
./opencv_example