学习文档地址
一、Docker安装
这里使用docker-compose来安装,方便后续迁移,Elasticserach和kibina一起安装。
1、创建安装目录
- config
- data
- plugins
2、配置文件
配置文件有两个,一个是ES的配置文件,一个docker-compose的配置文件
2-1、es配置文件(放config目录下)
下面的配置文件需要把IP修改为自己的本级IP network.publish_host
# 集群名称
cluster.name: xdx-es
# 节点名称
node.name: es-node-1
# 绑定host,0.0.0.0代表当前节点的ip
network.host: 0.0.0.0
# 设置其它节点和该节点交互的ip地址,如果不设置它会自动判断,值必须是个真实的ip地址(本机ip),修改成自己ip
network.publish_host: 192.168.2.18
# 设置对外服务的http端口,默认为9200
http.port: 9200
# 设置节点间交互的tcp端口,默认是9300
# transport.tcp.port: 9300
# 是否支持跨域,默认为false
http.cors.enabled: true
# 当设置允许跨域,默认为*,表示支持所有域名,如果我们只是允许某些网站能访问,那么可以使用正则表达式。比如只允许本地地址。 /https?:\/\/localhost(:[0-9]+)?/
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
# 表示这个节点是否可以充当主节点
# node.master: true
# 是否充当数据节点
# node.data: true
# 所有主从节点ip:port
# discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.2.18:9300"] #本地只有一个节点,无法正常启动,先注释
# 这个参数决定了在选主过程中需要 有多少个节点通信 预防脑裂 N/2+1
# discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 1
#初始化主节点
#cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node-1"]
# 内存交换
bootstrap.memory_lock: true
# 关闭认证授权
xpack.security.enabled: false
2-2、docker-compose
version: '3.0'
services:elasticsearch:image: elasticsearch:8.3.2container_name: elasticsearch8.3.2hostname: elasticsearch8.3.2privileged: truetty: truerestart: unless-stoppedenvironment:- TZ=Asia/Shanghai- "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx256m"- discovery.type=single-nodeports:- "9200:9200"networks:- es_networkvolumes:- ./data/:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data- ./plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins- ./config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.ymlkibana:image: kibana:8.3.2container_name: kibana8.3.2hostname: kibana8.3.2restart: alwaysprivileged: truetty: true# volumes:# - ./etc/localtime:/etc/timezone# - ./etc/localtime:/etc/localtimeenvironment:- TZ=Asia/Shanghai- I18N_LOCALE=zh-CN- XPACK_GRAPH_ENABLED=true- TIMELION_ENABLED=true- XPACK_MONITORING_COLLECTION_ENABLED="true"ports:- "5601:5601"links:- elasticsearch:elasticsearchdepends_on:- elasticsearchnetworks:- es_network
networks:es_network:driver: bridge
完整目录如下:
2-3、启动ES
在ES安装目录下运行 docker-compose up -d
在浏览器输入 http://localhost:9200/
看到如下JSON,ES安装完成
在浏览器输入 http://localhost:5601/
看到如下界面,Kibina 安装完成
二、使用Kibana操作ES
其实可以简单把ES中的索引(index)理解成表,那对于表的操作,肯定就是创建表、增删字段,以及对表中数据的增删改查。
Kibana提供了操作ES的控制台,通过如下路径进入控制台
1、index 操作
1-1、创建一个索引
创建一个名为my-index-two
的索引,里面有三个字段
- 文本类型的 name
- 数字类型的 age
- 数组类型的 tags
PUT /my-index-two
{"settings": {"number_of_shards": 1,"number_of_replicas": 0},"mappings": {"properties": {"name": { "type": "text" },"age": { "type": "integer" },"tags":{"type": "text","fields": {"keyword":{"type": "keyword","ignore_above": 256}}}}}
}
1-2、为索引新增一个字段
PUT /my-index-two/_mapping
{"properties": {"conutry": {"type": "text"}}
}
1-3、查看索引信息
# 查看索引信息
GET /_cat/indices/my-index-one?v&pretty# 查看settings信息
GET /my-index-one/_settings# 查看_mapping信息
GET /my-index-one/_mapping
2、数据操作
2-1、为索引文档新增一条数据
为 my-index-two
索引,添加一条 id = 2,的数据
# PUT /index_name/_doc/_idPUT /my-index-two/_doc/2
{"name": "李四","age": "20","conutry": "java","tags": ["xxx", "你好", "zzz"]
}
2-2、查询索引中的数据
查询 my-index-two 索引中,id = 2,的数据
GET /my-index-two/_doc/2
除了用id精准匹配,使用ES更多的是做高亮搜索,比如想要搜索 tags中带 你
的标签
GET /my-index-two/_search
{"query": {"match": {"tags": {"query": "你","fuzziness": "AUTO"}}},"highlight": {"fields": {"tags": {}}}
}
默认它的高亮是用 <em> </em>
标签,也可以改变它使用自定义标签
GET /my-index-two/_search
{"query": {"match": {"tags": {"query": "你","fuzziness": "AUTO"}}},"highlight": {"fields": {"tags": {"pre_tags": ["<b>"],"post_tags": ["</b>"]}}}
}
2-3、删除索引中的数据
# 删除文档id为 1 的数据
DELETE /my-index-two/_doc/1# 删除 name中带有 三 的数据
POST /my-index-two/_delete_by_query
{"query": {"term": {"name": "三"}}
}
三、使用Java操作ES
3-1、引入依赖
非SpringBoot项目使用
<dependency><groupId>co.elastic.clients</groupId><artifactId>elasticsearch-java</artifactId><version>8.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--It may happen that after setting up the dependencies, your application fails with ClassNotFoundException: jakarta.json.spi.JsonProvider.-->
<dependency><groupId>jakarta.json</groupId><artifactId>jakarta.json-api</artifactId><version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
SpringBoot 项目使用
<dependency><groupId>co.elastic.clients</groupId><artifactId>elasticsearch-java</artifactId><version>8.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--It may happen that after setting up the dependencies, your application fails with ClassNotFoundException: jakarta.json.spi.JsonProvider.-->
<dependency><groupId>jakarta.json</groupId><artifactId>jakarta.json-api</artifactId><version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
3-2、CRUD
package com.xdx.cv.controller;import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchClient;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.core.*;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.core.search.Hit;
import co.elastic.clients.json.jackson.JacksonJsonpMapper;
import co.elastic.clients.transport.ElasticsearchTransport;
import co.elastic.clients.transport.rest_client.RestClientTransport;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// 创建连接RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200)).build();ElasticsearchTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(restClient, new JacksonJsonpMapper());ElasticsearchClient elasticsearchClient = new ElasticsearchClient(transport);System.out.println("elasticsearchClient = " + elasticsearchClient);XdxTest build = XdxTest.builder().age(3).conutry("xxx").name("xxx").build();// 删除数据DeleteResponse deleteResponse = elasticsearchClient.delete(s -> s.index("my-index-two").id(build.age.toString()));System.out.println("删除结果: " + deleteResponse.result());// 插入数据IndexResponse indexResponse = elasticsearchClient.index(s -> s.index("my-index-two").id(build.age.toString()).document(build));System.out.println("新增文档结果: " + indexResponse.result());// 构建修改文档的请求XdxTest buildTwo = XdxTest.builder().age(3).conutry("xxxTwo").name("xxxTwo").build();UpdateResponse<XdxTest> updateResponse = elasticsearchClient.update(e -> e.index("my-index-two").id(build.age.toString()).doc(buildTwo),XdxTest.class);System.out.println("修改文档结果:" + updateResponse.result());// 基于id查询数据GetResponse<XdxTest> getResponse = elasticsearchClient.get(s -> s.index("my-index-two").id("2"),XdxTest.class);System.out.println("基于id查询结果: " + getResponse.source().getConutry());// 高亮查询SearchResponse<XdxTest> response = elasticsearchClient.search(s -> s.index("my-index-two").query(q -> q.term(t -> t.field("name").value("四"))).highlight(h -> h.fields("name", f -> f.preTags("<font color='red'>").postTags("</font>"))).source(source -> source.filter(f -> f.includes("name","id").excludes(""))),XdxTest.class);List<Hit<XdxTest>> hits = response.hits().hits();System.out.println("高亮查询结果" + hits.get(0).highlight().get("name"));restClient.close();}@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructor@Builderpublic static class XdxTest {private String name;private Integer age;public String conutry;public List<String> tags;}
}
执行结果
elasticsearchClient = co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchClient@3d36e4cd
删除结果: Deleted
新增文档结果: Created
修改文档结果:Updated
基于id查询结果: java
高亮查询结果[李<font color='red'>四</font>]