计算机网络实用工具之fping

简介

fping是一个类似ping的程序，它使用互联网控制消息协议（ICMP）回显请求来确定目标主机是否正在响应。fping与ping的不同之处在于，您可以在命令行上指定任意数量的目标，或者指定一个包含要ping的目标列表的文件。fping将发送一个ping数据包，并以循环方式移动到下一个目标，而不是发送到一个目标直到它超时或回复。

安装

# 例ubuntu
sudo apt install fping# centos 7
sudo yum install fping

使用帮助

# fping -h
Usage: fping [options] [targets...]Probing options:-4, --ipv4         only ping IPv4 addresses-6, --ipv6         only ping IPv6 addresses-b, --size=BYTES   amount of ping data to send, in bytes (default: 56)-B, --backoff=N    set exponential backoff factor to N (default: 1.5)-c, --count=N      count mode: send N pings to each target-f, --file=FILE    read list of targets from a file ( - means stdin)-g, --generate     generate target list (only if no -f specified)(give start and end IP in the target list, or a CIDR address)(ex. fping -g 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255 or fping -g 192.168.1.0/24)-H, --ttl=N        set the IP TTL value (Time To Live hops)-I, --iface=IFACE  bind to a particular interface-l, --loop         loop mode: send pings forever-m, --all          use all IPs of provided hostnames (e.g. IPv4 and IPv6), use with -A-M, --dontfrag     set the Don't Fragment flag-O, --tos=N        set the type of service (tos) flag on the ICMP packets-p, --period=MSEC  interval between ping packets to one target (in ms)(in loop and count modes, default: 1000 ms)-r, --retry=N      number of retries (default: 3)-R, --random       random packet data (to foil link data compression)-S, --src=IP       set source address-t, --timeout=MSEC individual target initial timeout (default: 500 ms,except with -l/-c/-C, where it's the -p period up to 2000 ms)Output options:-a, --alive        show targets that are alive-A, --addr         show targets by address-C, --vcount=N     same as -c, report results in verbose format-d, --rdns         show targets by name (force reverse-DNS lookup)-D, --timestamp    print timestamp before each output line-e, --elapsed      show elapsed time on return packets-i, --interval=MSEC  interval between sending ping packets (default: 10 ms)-n, --name         show targets by name (reverse-DNS lookup for target IPs)-N, --netdata      output compatible for netdata (-l -Q are required)-o, --outage       show the accumulated outage time (lost packets * packet interval)-q, --quiet        quiet (don't show per-target/per-ping results)-Q, --squiet=SECS  same as -q, but add interval summary every SECS seconds-s, --stats        print final stats-u, --unreach      show targets that are unreachable-v, --version      show version-x, --reachable=N  shows if >=N hosts are reachable or not

使用示例

# 测试多个主机是否可达
# fping 8.8.8.8 www.google.com
8.8.8.8 is alive
www.google.com is alive# 指定次数测试多个主机，显示延时等信息
# fping -c 3 8.8.8.8 www.google.com
8.8.8.8        : [0], 64 bytes, 1.52 ms (1.52 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [0], 64 bytes, 1.79 ms (1.79 avg, 0% loss)
8.8.8.8        : [1], 64 bytes, 1.55 ms (1.54 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [1], 64 bytes, 1.78 ms (1.78 avg, 0% loss)
8.8.8.8        : [2], 64 bytes, 1.54 ms (1.54 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [2], 64 bytes, 1.74 ms (1.77 avg, 0% loss)8.8.8.8        : xmt/rcv/%loss = 3/3/0%, min/avg/max = 1.52/1.54/1.55
www.google.com : xmt/rcv/%loss = 3/3/0%, min/avg/max = 1.74/1.77/1.79# 从文件读取主机列表
# cat test.list 
# dns
8.8.8.8
# google
www.google.com# fping -c 3 -f test.list
8.8.8.8        : [0], 64 bytes, 1.52 ms (1.52 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [0], 64 bytes, 1.84 ms (1.84 avg, 0% loss)
8.8.8.8        : [1], 64 bytes, 1.46 ms (1.49 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [1], 64 bytes, 1.77 ms (1.81 avg, 0% loss)
8.8.8.8        : [2], 64 bytes, 1.48 ms (1.49 avg, 0% loss)
www.google.com : [2], 64 bytes, 1.76 ms (1.79 avg, 0% loss)8.8.8.8        : xmt/rcv/%loss = 3/3/0%, min/avg/max = 1.46/1.49/1.52
www.google.com : xmt/rcv/%loss = 3/3/0%, min/avg/max = 1.76/1.79/1.84