自动巡检功能考虑到不同设备回显有所不同，需要大量正则匹配，暂时没时间搞这些，所以索性将命令回显全部显示，没做进一步的回显提取。
以下是程序运行示例：
#自动备份配置：

备份完成后，将配置保存于程序目录下的conf_bak文件夹下，如图所示：

 #自动巡检交换机设备：

使用前需创建excel文档，写入设备登录信息，格式如下：

本人编码能力一般，勿喷，源码： 

# coding=utf-8
from netmiko import ConnectHandler
from openpyxl import load_workbook
import os
from sys import exit
from netmiko import exceptions
import re
# 读取excel内设备列表信息
def check_and_get_dev_list(filename, sheet_name):excel_information = []sheet_header = []wb = load_workbook(filename)sh = wb[sheet_name]# 获取最大行数row = sh.max_row# 获取最大列数column = sh.max_columndata = []# 获取表头写入列表中方便调用for data_1 in range(1, column+1):get_sheet_header = sh.cell(row=1, column=data_1).valuesheet_header.append(get_sheet_header)# 第一行为表头， 此处 row +1 是pyton循环时不读取最后一个数for row_1 in range(2, row + 1):# 存储一行信息sheet_data_1 = dict()# 逐行读取表中的数据for b in range(1, column + 1):cell = sh.cell(row=row_1, column=b).value# 将数据已字典形式写入 sheet_data_1 中# if cell != None:sheet_data_1[sheet_header[b-1]] = cellexcel_information.append(sheet_data_1)for i in excel_information:if i['ip'] != None:data.append(i)return data#获取excel数据并整合成dev字典
def get_dev():res = check_and_get_dev_list('./resource.xlsx', 'Sheet1')devices = []for i in res:if i['protocol'] == 'telnet':i['type'] = i['type']+'_telnet'dev = {'device_type':i['type'],'host': i['ip'],'username': i['username'],'password': i['password'],'secret': i['enpassword'],'port': i['port'],}devices.append(dev)return devices# 配置批量备份导出
def devices_confbak(devices=''):# 创建备份文件夹try:path = './conf_bak'os.makedirs(path)except FileExistsError:pass# 存储连接失败的IPfailed_ips = []# 循环登录设备获取配置for dev in devices:try:with ConnectHandler(**dev) as conn:print('\n----------成功登录到：' + dev['host'] + '----------')conn.enable()if 'cisco_ios' in dev['device_type']:output = conn.send_command(command_string='show run')elif 'huawei' or 'hp_comware' in dev['device_type']:output = conn.send_command(command_string='dis current-configuration')else:print('error')with open('./conf_bak/'+ dev['host'] +'_conf_bak.txt', mode='w', encoding='utf8') as f:print('正在备份:'+dev['host'])# 文件读写异常处理try:f.write(output)except PermissionError:print('*****-无写入权限，请将文件夹赋予读写权限-*****')continueelse:print('备份成功！')# 连接异常处理except exceptions.NetmikoAuthenticationException:print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：登录验证失败！**********')failed_ips.append(dev['host'])continueexcept exceptions.NetmikoTimeoutException:print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：目标不可达！**********')failed_ips.append(dev['host'])continueexcept exceptions.ReadTimeout:print('\n**********'+dev['host']+'：读取超时，请检查enable密码是否正确！**********')failed_ips.append(dev['host'])continueif len(failed_ips) > 0:print('\n以下设备连接失败,请检查：')for x in failed_ips:print(x)return 1# 配置巡检
def devices_autocheck(devices='', cmd=''):# 存储命令执行回显results = []try:for x in range(len(devices)):# 循环登录设备with ConnectHandler(**devices[x]) as conn:conn.enable()print('正在巡检：'+devices[x]['host']+' ...')result = [devices[x]['host'],devices[x]['device_type']]for i in range(len(cmd)):# 循环执行命令，根据不同设备执行不同命令if 'cisco_ios' in devices[x]['device_type']:output = conn.send_command(command_string=str(cmd[i]['cisco']))elif 'huawei' or 'hp_comware' in devices[x]['device_type']:conn.send_command(command_string='sys',expect_string=']')output = conn.send_command(command_string=str(cmd[i]['huawei']))result.append(output)results.append(result)except exceptions.NetmikoAuthenticationException:print('\n**********'+devices[x]['host']+'：登录验证失败！**********')except exceptions.NetmikoTimeoutException:print('\n**********' + devices[x]['host'] + '：目标不可达！**********')except exceptions.ReadTimeout:print('\n**********' + devices[x]['host'] + '：读取超时，请检查enable密码是否正确！**********')return results
# 计算内存使用率
def get_mem(memstr,devtype=''):if 'cisco' in devtype:total_match = re.search(r'Processor Pool Total:\s+(\d+)', memstr)used_match = re.search(r'Used:\s+(\d+)', memstr)# 提取总数和已用数，并将其转换为整数total = int(total_match.group(1))used = int(used_match.group(1))# 计算使用百分比percentage = used / total * 100return f"{percentage:.0f}%"elif 'huawei' in devtype:match = re.search(r"Memory Using Percentage Is:\s*(\d+)%", memstr)if match:memory_percentage = match.group(1)return memory_percentage+'%'else:return "No match found."
# 获取CPU利用率
def get_cpu(cpustr,devtype=''):if 'cisco' in devtype:pattern = r"CPU utilization for five seconds: (\d+)%"match = re.search(pattern, cpustr)if match:cpu_utilization = match.group(1)return cpu_utilization+'%'else:return "No match found."elif 'huawei' in devtype:match = re.search(r"\b(\d+(\.\d+)?)%.*?\bMax", cpustr)if match:cpu_utilization = match.group(1)return cpu_utilization+'%'else:return "No match found."
# 运行主程序
if __name__ == '__main__':while True:print("\n##############################################\n")print("1：批量备份交换机配置")print("2：批量巡检交换机设备")print("0：退出")option = str(input("请输入需要的操作编号："))if option == '1':dev = get_dev()devices_confbak(devices=dev)continueelif option == '2':# 定义巡检命令# cmds[x]['cisco']# cmds[x]['huawei']cmds = [{'cisco':'show clock','huawei':'display clock'},                        #检查时钟{'cisco':'show env power','huawei':'display power'},                    #检查电源{'cisco':'show env fan','huawei':'display fan'},                        #检查风扇{'cisco':'show env temperature status', 'huawei': 'display environment'},#检查温度{'cisco':'show processes cpu', 'huawei': 'display cpu-usage'},          #检查CPU利用率{'cisco':'show processes memory', 'huawei': 'display memory-usage'},    #检查内存利用率]dev = get_dev()checkres = devices_autocheck(dev,cmds)for res in checkres:# print(res)print('\n+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++')print(res[0]+'-巡检结果：')print('\n时钟：\n'+res[2])print('电源：\n'+res[3])print('风扇：\n'+res[4])if 'Unrecognized command' in res[5]:print('温度：\n该设备不支持获取此数据！')else:print('温度：\n'+res[5])print('CPU利用率：\n' + get_cpu(res[6],res[1]))print('内存利用率：\n' + get_mem(res[7],res[1]))print('\n+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++')continueelif option == '0':breakelse:print("请输入正确的编号！")