先看本次实现的最终效果

前言

本期紧接着上一篇，主要内容主要是实现不同炮塔、攻击行为逻辑和伤害飘字效果。

绘制炮塔UI

新增炮塔脚本，配置炮塔攻击范围

[RequireComponent(typeof(CircleCollider2D))]
public class Turret : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private float attackRange = 3f; // 视为攻击范围private bool _gameStarted; // 游戏是否已经开始private void Start(){_gameStarted = true; // 设置游戏为已开始状态}private void OnDrawGizmos(){if (!_gameStarted){// 在Scene视图中绘制攻击范围的可视化表示GetComponent<CircleCollider2D>().radius = attackRange; // 设置CircleCollider2D的半径为攻击范围Gizmos.DrawWireSphere(transform.position, attackRange); // 在指定位置绘制表示攻击范围的线框球体}}
}

炮塔转向敌人

修改Turret

public class Turret : MonoBehaviour
{//...public Enemy CurrentEnemyTarget { get; set; }private List<Enemy> _enemies;private void Start(){_gameStarted = true; // 设置游戏为已开始状态_enemies = new List<Enemy>();}private void Update(){GetCurrentEnemyTarget();RotateTowardsTarget();}//获取当前敌人目标private void GetCurrentEnemyTarget(){if (_enemies.Count <= 0){CurrentEnemyTarget = null;return;}CurrentEnemyTarget = _enemies[0];}//面向敌人private void RotateTowardsTarget(){if (CurrentEnemyTarget == null) return;Vector3 targetPos = CurrentEnemyTarget.transform.position - transform.position;float angle = Vector3.SignedAngle(transform.up, targetPos, transform.forward);transform.Rotate(0f, 0f, angle);}private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other){if (other.CompareTag("Enemy")){Enemy newEnemy = other.GetComponent<Enemy>();_enemies.Add(newEnemy);}}private void OnTriggerExit2D(Collider2D other){if (other.CompareTag("Enemy")){Enemy enemy = other.GetComponent<Enemy>();if (_enemies.Contains(enemy)){_enemies.Remove(enemy);}};}//...
}

记得修改敌人标签，添加刚体和碰撞体

效果，进入范围获取了目标,敌人超出范围，不再跟随

生成炮弹

新增Projectile，子弹控制脚本

public class Projectile : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField, Header("子弹移动速度")] private float moveSpeed = 10f;private Enemy _enemyTarget; // 目标敌人private void Update(){if (_enemyTarget != null){MoveProjectile();}}private void MoveProjectile(){// 将子弹向目标位置移动transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position,_enemyTarget.transform.position,moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);}public void SetEnemy(Enemy enemy){// 设置目标敌人_enemyTarget = enemy;}
}

制作子弹预制体，并挂载Projectile 脚本

新增TurretProjectile，控制子弹生成脚本

public class TurretProjectile : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private Transform projectileSpawnPosition; // 发射子弹的位置private ObjectPooler pooler; // 对象池管理器private Turret _turret;// 炮塔组件private Projectile _currentProjectileLoaded;// 当前装载的子弹private void Start(){pooler = GetComponent<ObjectPooler>(); // 获取对象池管理器组件_turret = GetComponent<Turret>();}private void Update(){if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.G)){LoadProjectile(); // 测试按下G键时加载子弹}// 如果有敌人目标、已加载子弹且敌人目标的健康值大于0if (_turret.CurrentEnemyTarget != null && _currentProjectileLoaded != null && _turret.CurrentEnemyTarget._enemyHealth.CurrentHealth > 0f){// 解除子弹的父节点关系_currentProjectileLoaded.transform.parent = null;// 设置子弹的目标敌人_currentProjectileLoaded.SetEnemy(_turret.CurrentEnemyTarget);}}private void LoadProjectile(){GameObject newInstance = pooler.GetInstanceFromPool(); // 从对象池获取一个新的子弹实例newInstance.transform.localPosition = projectileSpawnPosition.position; // 设置子弹的位置为发射位置newInstance.transform.SetParent(projectileSpawnPosition); // 设置子弹的父节点为发射位置_currentProjectileLoaded = newInstance.GetComponent<Projectile>();// 获取子弹组件newInstance.SetActive(true); // 激活子弹}
}

挂载脚本，并配置参数

效果

旋转我们的子弹

修改Projectile

private void Update()
{if (_enemyTarget != null){MoveProjectile();RotateProjectile();}
}//控制子弹自动旋转
private void RotateProjectile()
{Vector3 enemyPos = _enemyTarget.transform.position - transform.position; // 计算目标敌人相对于子弹的位置向量float angle = Vector3.SignedAngle(transform.up, enemyPos, transform.forward); // 计算旋转角度transform.Rotate(0f, 0f, angle); // 绕Z轴旋转子弹
}

效果

对敌人造成伤害，回收子弹

修改Projectile

[SerializeField, Header("子弹造成的伤害值")] 
private float damage = 2f;
[SerializeField, Header("造成伤害的距离")] 
private float minDistanceToDealDamage = 0.1f;private void MoveProjectile()
{// 将子弹向目标位置移动//...// 计算子弹与目标的距离float distanceToTarget = (_enemyTarget.transform.position - transform.position).magnitude;// 如果子弹与目标的距离小于最小距离，造成伤害并回收子弹if (distanceToTarget < minDistanceToDealDamage){_enemyTarget._enemyHealth.DealDamage(damage);ObjectPooler.ReturnToPool(gameObject);}
}

效果

自动发射子弹

修改Projectile

public TurretProjectile Turretowner { get; set; }private void MoveProjectile()
{// ...// 如果子弹与目标的距离小于最小距离，造成伤害并回收子弹if (distanceToTarget < minDistanceToDealDamage){Turretowner.ResetTurretProjectile(); //重置装载的子弹//...}
}

修改TurretProjectile

private void Update()
{if(IsTurretEmpty() && _turret.CurrentEnemyTarget != null){LoadProjectile();}//...
}
//加载子弹
private void LoadProjectile()
{//..._currentProjectileLoaded.Turretowner = this;
}//判断是否没有装载子弹
private bool IsTurretEmpty()
{return _currentProjectileLoaded == null;
}//重置装载的子弹
public void ResetTurretProjectile()
{_currentProjectileLoaded = null;
}

添加攻击间隔

修改TurretProjectile

[SerializeField, Header("攻击间隔")] 
private float delayBtwAttacks = 2f;//攻击间隔private float nextAttackTime;//下一次攻击时间private void Update()
{if (Time.time > nextAttackTime){// 如果有敌人目标、已加载子弹且敌人目标的健康值大于0if (_turret.CurrentEnemyTarget != null && _turret.CurrentEnemyTarget._enemyHealth.CurrentHealth > 0f){LoadProjectile();// 解除子弹的父节点关系_currentProjectileLoaded.transform.parent = null;// 设置子弹的目标敌人_currentProjectileLoaded.SetEnemy(_turret.CurrentEnemyTarget);}nextAttackTime = Time.time + delayBtwAttacks;}//加载子弹private void LoadProjectile(){//。。。_currentProjectileLoaded.ResetProjectile();//重置炮弹}
}

修改Projectile

//重置炮弹
public void ResetProjectile()
{_enemyTarget = null;transform.localRotation = Quaternion.identity;
}

效果，每两秒发动一次攻击

显示伤害字体

绘制字体UI

配置动画，这个动画就大家自由发挥吧，怎么放大缩小或者上飘

新增脚本DamageText

public class DamageText : MonoBehaviour
{public TextMeshPro DmgText => GetComponent<TextMeshPro>();// 回收飘字public void ReturnTextToPool(){transform.SetParent(null);ObjectPooler.ReturnToPool(gameObject);}
}

挂载脚本到字体，动画完成时添加事件

新增DamageTextManager

public class DamageTextManager : MonoBehaviour
{public ObjectPooler Pooler { get; set; }public DamageText damageText;//飘字特效预制体public static DamageTextManager Instance;void Awake(){Instance = this;}private void Start(){Pooler = GetComponent<ObjectPooler>();}
}

挂载脚本，配置参数

修改Projectile，添加敌人受伤委托

public static Action<Enemy, float> OnEnemyHit;//敌人受伤委托private void MoveProjectile()
{// 。。。// 如果子弹与目标的距离小于最小距离，造成伤害并回收子弹if (distanceToTarget < minDistanceToDealDamage){OnEnemyHit?.Invoke(_enemyTarget, damage);//。。。}
}

新增EnemyFX

public class EnemyFX : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private Transform textDamageSpawnPosition; // 伤害数字显示位置private Enemy _enemy; // 敌人对象private void Awake(){_enemy = GetComponent<Enemy>(); // 获取敌人组件}// 敌人受到攻击时的处理方法private void EnemyHit(Enemy enemy, float damage){if (_enemy == enemy) // 判断是否为当前敌人{GameObject newInstance = DamageTextManager.Instance.Pooler.GetInstanceFromPool(); // 从对象池中获取伤害数字的实例TextMeshPro damageText = newInstance.GetComponent<DamageText>().DmgText; // 获取伤害数字的Text组件damageText.text = damage.ToString(); // 设置显示的伤害数值newInstance.transform.SetParent(textDamageSpawnPosition); // 设置父物体为伤害数字显示位置newInstance.transform.position = textDamageSpawnPosition.position; // 设置显示位置newInstance.SetActive(true); // 激活显示}}private void OnEnable(){Projectile.OnEnemyHit += EnemyHit; // 注册敌人被攻击事件的监听}private void OnDisable(){Projectile.OnEnemyHit -= EnemyHit; // 取消注册敌人被攻击事件的监听}
}

挂载脚本

效果

设计通用泛型单例

新增泛型单例

using UnityEngine;//简单的泛型单例
public class Singleton<T> : MonoBehaviour where T : Component
{private static T instance;public static T Instance{get{if (instance == null){instance = FindObjectOfType<T>();if (instance == null){GameObject newInstance = new GameObject();instance = newInstance.AddComponent<T>();}}return instance;}}public void Awake(){instance = this as T;}
}

修改DamageTextManager ，简化代码

public class DamageTextManager : Singleton<DamageTextManager>
{public ObjectPooler Pooler { get; set; }public DamageText damageText;//飘字特效预制体private void Start(){Pooler = GetComponent<ObjectPooler>();}
}

创建更多炮塔

效果

升级增加伤害

修改TurretProjectile

[SerializeField, Header("造成的伤害值")]
protected float damage = 2f;
public float Damge { get; set; }private void Start()
{//。。。Damge = damage;
}//加载子弹
protected virtual void LoadProjectile()
{//。。。_currentProjectileLoaded.damage = Damge;
}

新增TurretUpgrade

public class TurretUpgrade : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField]private int upgradeInitialCost; // 升级初始费用[SerializeField]private int upgradeCostIncremental; // 升级费用递增值[SerializeField]private float damageIncremental; // 伤害递增值private TurretProjectile _turretProjectile;private void Start(){_turretProjectile = GetComponent<TurretProjectile>(); // 获取 TurretProjectile 组件}private void Update(){if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.D)){UpgradeTurret(); // 测试升级炮塔}}private void UpgradeTurret(){_turretProjectile.Damge += damageIncremental; // 增加炮塔的伤害值}
}

配置参数测试

效果，按一次D，伤害增加2

升级缩短攻击间隔

修改TurretProjectile

public float DelayPerShot { get; set; }DelayPerShot = delayBtwAttacks;protected virtual void Update()
{if (Time.time > _nextAttackTime){// 。。。_nextAttackTime = Time.time + DelayPerShot;}
}

修改TurretUpgrade

[SerializeField, Header("攻击间隔递减值")]
private float delayReduce;private void UpgradeTurret()
{_turretProjectile.Damge += damageIncremental; // 增加炮塔的伤害值_turretProjectile.DelayPerShot -= delayReduce;// 减少炮塔的攻击间隔
}

测试配置

效果

添加货币

添加

public class CurrencySystem : Singleton<CurrencySystem>
{[SerializeField]private int coinTest; // 测试用的初始金币数量private string CURRENCY_SAVE_KEY = "MYGAME_CURRENCY";public int TotalCoins { get; set; } // 总金币数量private void Start(){PlayerPrefs.DeleteKey(CURRENCY_SAVE_KEY);//开始清空金币数据LoadCoins(); // 加载金币数量}private void LoadCoins(){TotalCoins = PlayerPrefs.GetInt(CURRENCY_SAVE_KEY, coinTest); // 从 PlayerPrefs 中读取金币数量，默认为 coinTest 的值}public void AddCoins(int amount){TotalCoins += amount; // 增加金币数量PlayerPrefs.SetInt(CURRENCY_SAVE_KEY, TotalCoins); // 将金币数量保存到 PlayerPrefsPlayerPrefs.Save(); // 保存 PlayerPrefs 的修改}public void RemoveCoins(int amount){if (TotalCoins >= amount){TotalCoins -= amount; // 减少金币数量PlayerPrefs.SetInt(CURRENCY_SAVE_KEY, TotalCoins); // 将金币数量保存到 PlayerPrefsPlayerPrefs.Save(); // 保存 PlayerPrefs 的修改}}
}

修改TurretUpgrade

public int UpgradeCost { get; set; }private void Start()
{//。。。UpgradeCost = upgradeInitialCost;
}private void UpgradeTurret()
{if (CurrencySystem.Instance.TotalCoins >= UpgradeCost){_turretProjectile.Damge += damageIncremental; // 增加炮塔的伤害值_turretProjectile.DelayPerShot -= delayReduce;// 减少炮塔的攻击间隔UpdateUpgrade();}
}private void UpdateUpgrade()
{CurrencySystem.Instance.RemoveCoins(UpgradeCost);//扣除金额UpgradeCost += upgradeCostIncremental;//加下次升级金额
}

配置，升级消耗10，每次升级消耗+20

效果，升级扣除了金额

杀死敌人获取金币

修改CurrencySystem，每杀一个敌人加一金币

private void AddCoins(Enemy enemy)
{AddCoins(1);
}private void OnEnable()
{EnemyHealth.OnEnemyKilled += AddCoins;
}
private void OnDisable()
{EnemyHealth.OnEnemyKilled -= AddCoins;
}

效果，杀死敌人金额增加

源码

见本项目最后一节

完结

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一位在小公司默默奋斗的开发者，出于兴趣爱好，于是最近才开始自习unity。如果你遇到任何问题，也欢迎你评论私信找我， 虽然有些问题我可能也不一定会，但是我会查阅各方资料，争取给出最好的建议，希望可以帮助更多想学编程的人，共勉~