出于某种目的(合法的,真的合法的,合同上明确指出可以这样做),我准备了一个重命名所有标识符的VS扩展,用来把一个C#库改头换面,在简单的测试项目上工作很满意,所有标识符都被准确替换。我还尝试用在C++项目上,问题就比较多了,因为VS并不能准确识别代码,这说明,C#比C++好用太多了。
当然,最终合同被放弃了,所以这个东西也没派上用场,纯粹成了我的个人练习(因为没有人指派我做这个程序)。
本文涉及的代码支持2017、2019和2022,为了稳妥起见,项目本身用不同版本的VS创建,实际代码则放在一个共享文件中,只需要在生成的框架之加入一句调用代码即可。
目录
一、创建项目框架
1.1 新建VS项目
1.2 添加命令
1.3 测试此框架代码
二、引入实际代码
2.1 添加项目文件
2.2 添加依赖项
三、修改代码
四、测试实际效果
4.1 创建测试项目
4.2 在VSIX项目打开测试项目
4.3 效果
五、代码
一、创建项目框架
1.1 新建VS项目
以下均以VS2022社区版为例。
项目类型过滤选择“扩展”,项目类型为“VSIX Project”。
1.2 添加命令
创建以后在项目上右键,“添加”-“新建项”:
“Command”就是一个菜单命令,会出现在VS的“工具”菜单下面。
添加之后会看到增加了一个文件:Command1.cs,当然如果你改了命令名就是另外一个文件。
文件不长,直接拉到最后,看最后一个方法的代码:
/// <summary>/// This function is the callback used to execute the command when the menu item is clicked./// See the constructor to see how the menu item is associated with this function using/// OleMenuCommandService service and MenuCommand class./// </summary>/// <param name="sender">Event sender.</param>/// <param name="e">Event args.</param>private void Execute(object sender, EventArgs e){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();string message = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "Inside {0}.MenuItemCallback()", this.GetType().FullName);string title = "Command1";// Show a message box to prove we were hereVsShellUtilities.ShowMessageBox(this.package,message,title,OLEMSGICON.OLEMSGICON_INFO,OLEMSGBUTTON.OLEMSGBUTTON_OK,OLEMSGDEFBUTTON.OLEMSGDEFBUTTON_FIRST);}
好简单的,猜也能猜到就是显式一个消息框。
1.3 测试此框架代码
编译项目,应该没什么问题(全是开发工具生成的代码嘛)。
调试或者直接运行不调试(“调试菜单”的“开始执行(不调试)”),会打开一个新的VS2022窗口,像普通VS一样,但是已经加载了扩展。
选择项目,或者不选择项目直接进入。不选择项目直接进入(点击“继续但无需代码”):
工具菜单下会出现“Invoke Command1”(图中还有另外一个相似菜单,是我的正式项目创建的),点击出现:
这框架就算完成了,剩下的就是修改命令代码。
二、引入实际代码
2.1 添加项目文件
在项目上右键,“添加”-“现有项”,找到实际代码文件添加进来,当然你也可以直接放在项目里面,但是因为VS扩展项目是依赖VS版本的,最好把通用部分独立出来。
这个位置是在项目之外的,可以由多个项目共享。
2.2 添加依赖项
文件加进来之后不能编译:
因为缺少依赖项,在“项目”-“引用”上右键,“添加引用”:
在“程序集”-“扩展”里面找到“Microsoft.VisualStudio.VCCodeModel”,选中,确定。
然后程序就可以编译了。这个依赖项其实只和C++项目功能有关。
如果发生奇怪错误:
严重性 代码 说明 项目 文件 行 禁止显示状态
错误 CreatePkgDef : error : ArgumentException: No Visual Studio registration attribute found in this assembly.
The assembly should contain an instance of the attribute 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.RegistrationAttribute' defined in assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Framework' version '17.0.0.0' 在 Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.ProcessAssembly(String fileName, Hive hive, PkgDefContext context, Boolean register, RegistrationMode mode) 位置 D:\a\_work\1\s\src\product\vssdk\tools\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:行号 383在 Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.DoCreatePkgDef(InputArguments inputArguments) 位置 D:\a\_work\1\s\src\product\vssdk\tools\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:行号 202在 Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.Main(String[] arguments) 位置 D:\a\_work\1\s\src\product\vssdk\tools\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:行号 91 VSIXProject1
不要尝试任何解决方案,删除刚才添加的东西也没用,整个过程删掉重来。这可能是VS的BUG。
三、修改代码
现在我们可以将代码引入,在Command1.cs里面添加如下内容:
//文件头添加对共享代码的引用
using VSIXProjectShare;
using Task = System.Threading.Tasks.Task;//在类里面添加变量,就近放在构造函数前面好了private CommandShare commandshare;//构造函数最后加上这一句commandshare = new CommandShare(this.package);//Execute最后加一句commandshare.Execute();
最终的Command1.cs是这样的(四处修改在里面已经注明):
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop;
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using VSIXProjectShare;//第一处修改
using Task = System.Threading.Tasks.Task;namespace VSIXProject1
{/// <summary>/// Command handler/// </summary>internal sealed class Command1{/// <summary>/// Command ID./// </summary>public const int CommandId = 0x0100;/// <summary>/// Command menu group (command set GUID)./// </summary>public static readonly Guid CommandSet = new Guid("16dcb30d-2f74-4781-bde4-c21c60716ac8");/// <summary>/// VS Package that provides this command, not null./// </summary>private readonly AsyncPackage package;private CommandShare commandshare;//第二处修改/// <summary>/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Command1"/> class./// Adds our command handlers for menu (commands must exist in the command table file)/// </summary>/// <param name="package">Owner package, not null.</param>/// <param name="commandService">Command service to add command to, not null.</param>private Command1(AsyncPackage package, OleMenuCommandService commandService){this.package = package ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(package));commandService = commandService ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(commandService));var menuCommandID = new CommandID(CommandSet, CommandId);var menuItem = new MenuCommand(this.Execute, menuCommandID);commandService.AddCommand(menuItem);commandshare = new CommandShare(this.package);//第三处修改}/// <summary>/// Gets the instance of the command./// </summary>public static Command1 Instance{get;private set;}/// <summary>/// Gets the service provider from the owner package./// </summary>private Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.IAsyncServiceProvider ServiceProvider{get{return this.package;}}/// <summary>/// Initializes the singleton instance of the command./// </summary>/// <param name="package">Owner package, not null.</param>public static async Task InitializeAsync(AsyncPackage package){// Switch to the main thread - the call to AddCommand in Command1's constructor requires// the UI thread.await ThreadHelper.JoinableTaskFactory.SwitchToMainThreadAsync(package.DisposalToken);OleMenuCommandService commandService = await package.GetServiceAsync(typeof(IMenuCommandService)) as OleMenuCommandService;Instance = new Command1(package, commandService);}/// <summary>/// This function is the callback used to execute the command when the menu item is clicked./// See the constructor to see how the menu item is associated with this function using/// OleMenuCommandService service and MenuCommand class./// </summary>/// <param name="sender">Event sender.</param>/// <param name="e">Event args.</param>private void Execute(object sender, EventArgs e){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();string message = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "Inside {0}.MenuItemCallback()", this.GetType().FullName);string title = "Command1-d";//修改这里以确认版本// Show a message box to prove we were hereVsShellUtilities.ShowMessageBox(this.package,message,title,OLEMSGICON.OLEMSGICON_INFO,OLEMSGBUTTON.OLEMSGBUTTON_OK,OLEMSGDEFBUTTON.OLEMSGDEFBUTTON_FIRST);commandshare.Execute();//第四处修改}}
}
然后编译执行(仍然用“继续但无需代码”):
看,版本正确,这是一个小技巧,debug发生困惑的时候先确认版本,不要编译失败执行旧版本。
这就对了,因为共享代码需要项目来操作。这说明共享代码也正确进去了。后面就可以测试实际效果,共享代码放在本文最后。
四、测试实际效果
4.1 创建测试项目
创建一个C#项目,一个对话框好了:
一个对话框,有个静态文本,窗口初始化设置了一下文本。
4.2 在VSIX项目打开测试项目
先创建好这个项目,然后回到VSIX项目,调试或运行,在新打开的VS启动时选择新建的这个项目,打开后是和普通VS一样操作的,只不过多了扩展菜单项。
现在从工具菜单执行我们的命令,运行时会在输出窗口输出内容,最后会得到一个消息框:
这就表示正确完成,提示信息是共享代码最后的版本,就是日期和时间。
输出窗口输出如下:
注意:此时修改的文件还没保存,要点击“全部保存”来保存文件。
然后我们看看效果如何,现重新编译程序确认测试项目是正常的。
4.3 效果
看看代码变成了什么样:
Form1.Designer.cs就不贴了。
看看文件比较:
五、代码
共享代码在此,文件名CommandShare.cs:
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop;
using Task = System.Threading.Tasks.Task;using EnvDTE;
using EnvDTE80;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.VCCodeModel;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.Internal.VisualStudio.PlatformUI;namespace VSIXProjectShare
{public sealed class CommandShare{private readonly AsyncPackage package;enum ProjectType { VC,CSharp,OTHER};//项目类型ProjectType projectType;private Random r ;//随机数private string new_name_title;//新名称标题private long count = 0;//顺序编号public CommandShare(AsyncPackage _package){package = _package;Log("初始化插件");r = new Random();new_name_title = "_ASDFGHJKL_" + r.Next().ToString() + "_";}//显示消息对话框private void ShowMessageBox(string title, string message){VsShellUtilities.ShowMessageBox(package,message,title,OLEMSGICON.OLEMSGICON_INFO,OLEMSGBUTTON.OLEMSGBUTTON_OK,OLEMSGDEFBUTTON.OLEMSGDEFBUTTON_FIRST);}//输出日志private void Log(string msg){Log(0,msg);}private void Log(int level,string msg){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();IVsOutputWindowPane pane = (IVsOutputWindowPane)Package.GetGlobalService(typeof(SVsGeneralOutputWindowPane));int tmp = pane.Activate();if (VSConstants.S_OK != tmp){ShowMessageBox("注意", "未能激活输出窗口 " + tmp.ToString());}for (int i = 0; i < level; ++i){pane.OutputStringThreadSafe(" ");}pane.OutputStringThreadSafe(msg + "\r\n");}private void AddFunction_myToString(int level, VCCodeElements codeElements){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();IVsOutputWindowPane pane = (IVsOutputWindowPane)Package.GetGlobalService(typeof(SVsGeneralOutputWindowPane));string px = new string(' ', level * 4);string px2 = new string(' ', 4);px = level.ToString() + px;string fun_name = "myToString";string fun_type = "stringstream &";vsCMFunction fun_kind = vsCMFunction.vsCMFunctionFunction | vsCMFunction.vsCMFunctionConstant;foreach (VCCodeElement element in codeElements){Log(px + "Kind " + element.Kind.ToString() + " Name " + element.Name);if (0 != element.Children.Count){AddFunction_myToString(level + 1, element.Children as VCCodeElements);}if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementClass || element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementStruct){VCCodeElement Found = null;string bodytext = "";//基类必须首先处理foreach (VCCodeElement chileren in element.Children){if (chileren.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementVCBase){Log(px + px2 + "基类 " + chileren.Name);bodytext += "\t\t " + chileren.Name + "::myToString(ss) << \" \";\r\n";}}foreach (VCCodeElement chileren in element.Children){Log(px + px2 + chileren.Name + " Kind " + chileren.Kind);if (chileren.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementVariable){VCCodeVariable variable = (VCCodeVariable)chileren;Log(px + px2 + "变量 Name " + variable.Name + " TypeString " + variable.TypeString+ " StartPoint " + variable.StartPoint.Line + " " + variable.StartPoint.LineCharOffset+ " EndPoint " + variable.EndPoint.Line + " " + variable.EndPoint.LineCharOffset);if (variable.TypeString.EndsWith(")")){bodytext += "\t\t ss << \"函数指针 " + variable.Name + " \" << " + variable.Name + " << \" \";\r\n";}else if (variable.TypeString.EndsWith("]")){bodytext += "\t\t ss << \"数组 " + variable.Name + " \" << " + variable.Name + " << \" \";\r\n";}else{bodytext += "\t\t Template_" + fun_name + "(" + variable.Name + ", ss) << \" \";\r\n";}}else if (chileren.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementFunction){if (chileren.Name == fun_name){Found = chileren;Log(px + px2 + fun_name + " 已存在,重新创建");}}}VCCodeFunction codeFunction;if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementClass){VCCodeClass codeClass = (VCCodeClass)element;codeClass.RemoveMember(Found);codeFunction = (VCCodeFunction)codeClass.AddFunction(fun_name, fun_kind, fun_type, -1, vsCMAccess.vsCMAccessPublic);}else{VCCodeStruct codeClass = (VCCodeStruct)element;codeClass.RemoveMember(Found);codeFunction = (VCCodeFunction)codeClass.AddFunction(fun_name, fun_kind, fun_type, -1, vsCMAccess.vsCMAccessPublic);}codeFunction.AddParameter("ss", "stringstream &");codeFunction.Comment = "自动生成的代码";bodytext += "\t\t return ss;";codeFunction.BodyText = bodytext;}}}private void CSharp_Rename(int level, CodeElements codeElements){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();foreach (CodeElement _element in codeElements){Log(level, "Kind " + _element.Kind.ToString());string name = "未知";//Name属性不是每个都有if (_element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementImportStmt){name = "vsCMElementImportStmt";}else{name = _element.Name;//这个竟然不是每个都支持}CodeElement2 element = (CodeElement2)_element;Log(level, "Kind " + element.Kind.ToString() + " Name " + name + " type " + element.GetType().ToString());//处理子项if (0 != element.Children.Count){CSharp_Rename(level + 1, element.Children);}bool skip = false;//是否需要跳过//检查是否已经处理过if (name.StartsWith(new_name_title)){skip = true;}if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementVariable){CodeVariable variable = (CodeVariable)element;Log(level + 1, "变量 Name " + variable.Name+ " StartPoint " + variable.StartPoint.Line + " " + variable.StartPoint.LineCharOffset+ " EndPoint " + variable.EndPoint.Line + " " + variable.EndPoint.LineCharOffset);}else if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementFunction){Log(level + 1, "函数 " + name);if (name.Equals("Main")){Log(level + 1, "Main函数(跳过) " + name);skip = true;}if (name.Equals("Dispose")){Log(level + 1, "Dispose函数(跳过) " + name);skip = true;}}else if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementNamespace){Log(level + 1, "命名空间 " + name);//skip = true;}else if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementAttribute){Log(level + 1, "属性(跳过) " + name);skip = true;}else if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementImportStmt){Log(level + 1, "导入语句(跳过) " + name);skip = true;}else if (element.Kind == vsCMElement.vsCMElementOther){Log(level + 1, "vsCMElementOther(跳过) " + name);skip = true;}if (!skip){Log(level, "重命名 " + name + "(" + element.Kind.ToString() + ") 为 " + new_name_title + count.ToString());element.RenameSymbol(new_name_title + count.ToString());count++;Log(level, "重命名完成");}}}private void ProcessProjectItem(int level, ProjectItem projectItem){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();//项目下的筛选器Log(level, "===============目录:" + projectItem.Name + " 项目子项FileCount:" + projectItem.FileCount.ToString());for (short i = 0; i < projectItem.FileCount; i++){Log(3, "文件名:" + projectItem.FileNames[i]);}if (projectType == ProjectType.CSharp && projectItem.Name == "Properties"){Log(3, "C#项目忽略属性目录");return;}if (null != projectItem.FileCodeModel){String language = "未知语言";switch (projectItem.FileCodeModel.Language){case CodeModelLanguageConstants.vsCMLanguageVC:language = "VC";AddFunction_myToString(5, projectItem.FileCodeModel.CodeElements as VCCodeElements);break;case CodeModelLanguageConstants.vsCMLanguageIDL:language = "IDL";Log(3, "未支持的语言 " + language);break;case CodeModelLanguageConstants.vsCMLanguageVB:language = "VB";Log(3, "未支持的语言 " + language);break;case CodeModelLanguageConstants.vsCMLanguageMC:language = "MC";Log(3, "未支持的语言 " + language);break;case CodeModelLanguageConstants.vsCMLanguageCSharp:language = "CSharp";Log(3, "语言 " + language);if (null == projectItem) Log(3, "语言1" + language);if (null == projectItem.FileCodeModel) Log(3, "语言 2" + language);if (null == projectItem.FileCodeModel.CodeElements) Log(3, "语言 3" + language);Log(3, "语言 " + language);CSharp_Rename(5, projectItem.FileCodeModel.CodeElements);break;}}foreach (ProjectItem current_project_item_item in projectItem.ProjectItems){ProcessProjectItem(level + 1, current_project_item_item);}}public void Execute(){ThreadHelper.ThrowIfNotOnUIThread();string message = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "Inside {0}.MenuItemCallback()", this.GetType().FullName);string title = "Command1 2023-04-20 1720";// Show a message box to prove we were here//VsShellUtilities.ShowMessageBox(// this.package,// message,// title,// OLEMSGICON.OLEMSGICON_INFO,// OLEMSGBUTTON.OLEMSGBUTTON_OK,// OLEMSGDEFBUTTON.OLEMSGDEFBUTTON_FIRST);Log(title);try{DTE2 dte = (DTE2)Package.GetGlobalService(typeof(SDTE));Log("DTE:" + dte.Version);Log("DTE:" + dte.Name);Log("DTE:" + dte.Edition);Log("DTE:" + dte.Mode);var solution = dte.Solution;var SolutionName = Path.GetFileName(solution.FullName); //解决方案名称var SolutionPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(solution.FullName);//解决方案路径Log("解决方案:" + solution.ToString());Log("解决方案FileName:" + solution.FileName);Log("解决方案FullName:" + solution.FullName);Log("解决方案GetFileName:" + SolutionName);Log("解决方案GetDirectoryName:" + SolutionPath);Log("解决方案Count:" + solution.Count);Log("解决方案Projects.Count:" + solution.Projects.Count);foreach (Project current_project in solution.Projects){//解决方案下的项目Log(1, "--------------------------Language:" + current_project.CodeModel.Language);if (current_project.CodeModel.Language == "{B5E9BD34-6D3E-4B5D-925E-8A43B79820B4}"){projectType = ProjectType.CSharp;}else if (current_project.CodeModel.Language == "{B5E9BD32-6D3E-4B5D-925E-8A43B79820B4}"){projectType = ProjectType.VC;}else{projectType = ProjectType.OTHER;}Log(1, "--------------------------项目:" + current_project.Name + " 类型 " + projectType + " 项目子项个数:" + current_project.ProjectItems.Count.ToString());foreach (ProjectItem current_project_item in current_project.ProjectItems){ProcessProjectItem(2, current_project_item);}}ShowMessageBox(title, "操作完成");}catch (Exception ex){ShowMessageBox("", ex.Message);}}}
}
这个代码对C#项目执行CSharp_Rename,对C++项目则执行AddFunction_myToString,功能是给所有结构添加toString函数,尚不完善,所以无视即可(我挺希望别人能把这个功能做出来)。
代码分析看这里:VSIX:C#项目 重命名所有标识符(Visual Studio扩展开发)代码详解-CSDN博客。
(这里是结束)