熟悉 es 的同学都知道 es 一般有两种查询方式

1，在 java 中构建查询对象，调用 es 提供的 api 做查询
2，使用 json 调用接口做查询

查询语句无非是将足够的信息丢给数据库，但是它却和 SQL 不一样有自己独立的查询方式

通过 API 查询

模糊查询

BoolQueryBuilder boolBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();//Elasticsearch 中文会把汉字分词，“王大”会匹配到like“王”和like“大”，要在字段后面接keyword
boolBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("userName.keyword","*王大*"));

等于、不等于

BoolQueryBuilder boolBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
//等于  must
boolBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("age","30"));
//不等于  mustNot
boolBuilder.mustNot(QueryBuilders.termQuery("sex","1"));

大于、小于

BoolQueryBuilder boolBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
//大于
boolBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("createTime").gt(1609430400000));
//小于
boolBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("createTime").lt(1672502400000));

es 也是有层级的，下面演示 and 、or 同时使用

BoolQueryBuilder boolBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();boolBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("a",1));QueryBuilder queryBuilder1 = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("b", 2)).must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("c", 3)).mustNot(QueryBuilders.termQuery("d", 4));QueryBuilder queryBuilder2 = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("e", 4)).must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("f", 5));QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().should(queryBuilder1).should(queryBuilder2);boolBuilder.must(queryBuilder);

等同与这个 sql

select * from user where a=1 and ((b=2 and c=3 and d !=4) or (e=4 and f=5))

通过 JSON 查询

模糊查询

{"query": {"bool": {"adjust_pure_negative": true,"must": [{"wildcard": {"name": {"boost": 1.0,"wildcard": "*小李*"}}}],"boost": 1.0}}
}

等值查询，查询 name = 小李的数据

{"query": {"bool": {"adjust_pure_negative": true,"must": [{"term": {"name": {"boost": 1.0,"value": "小李"}}}],"boost": 1.0}}
}

范围查询，查询年龄大于等于18，并且小于等于50的数据

{"query": {"range": {"age": {"include_lower": true,"include_upper": true,"from": 18,"boost": 1.0,"to": 50}}}
}

多条件查询，查询姓名为小李，并且年龄在10-50之间的文档

{"query": {"bool": {"adjust_pure_negative": true,"must": [{"term": {"name": {"boost": 1.0,"value": "小李"}}},{"range": {"age": {"include_lower": true,"include_upper": true,"from": 10,"boost": 1.0,"to": 50}}}],"boost": 1.0}}
}