【Python 开源】你的 Windows 关机助手—

🖥️ 你的 Windows 关机助手——PyQt5 版定时关机工具

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📌 概述

在日常使用电脑的过程中，我们经常会遇到需要定时关机的场景，比如：

夜间下载文件，想让电脑在任务完成后自动关机。
长时间运行的程序，需要在某个时间点关闭系统。
限制电脑使用时间，避免长时间占用资源。

虽然 Windows 自带 shutdown 命令可以定时关机，但操作方式较为繁琐，缺乏可视化界面。因此，本篇文章将带大家实现一个基于 PyQt5 的 Windows 定时关机工具，支持定时或延时关机、重启、注销，并提供系统托盘功能，方便随时管理关机任务。
在这里插入图片描述

🎯 功能介绍

本工具主要具备以下功能：

✅ 定时关机 —— 设定具体时间，到点自动关机。

✅ 延时关机 —— 设置倒计时，倒计时结束后自动关机。

✅ 重启 & 注销 —— 除关机外，还可执行系统重启和注销操作。

✅ 取消操作 —— 关机前可随时取消，避免误操作。

✅ 系统托盘支持 —— 运行后最小化到系统托盘，不影响日常操作。

✅ 人性化提示 —— 关机前弹出提醒，避免突发关机。

🔧 代码实现

📌 1. 安装依赖

在运行代码之前，我们需要先安装 PyQt5 库：

pip install PyQt5 pyqt5-tools

📌 2. 代码编写

以下是完整的代码实现：

import sys
import os
import time
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QTimeEdit, QSystemTrayIcon, QMenu, QAction
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5.QtCore import QTimer, QTimeclass ShutdownApp(QWidget):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.initUI()def initUI(self):self.setWindowTitle('Windows 定时关机工具')self.setGeometry(600, 300, 300, 200)self.label = QLabel('请选择关机时间：', self)self.timeEdit = QTimeEdit(self)self.timeEdit.setDisplayFormat("HH:mm")self.startButton = QPushButton('设置关机', self)self.startButton.clicked.connect(self.scheduleShutdown)self.cancelButton = QPushButton('取消关机', self)self.cancelButton.clicked.connect(self.cancelShutdown)layout = QVBoxLayout()layout.addWidget(self.label)layout.addWidget(self.timeEdit)layout.addWidget(self.startButton)layout.addWidget(self.cancelButton)self.setLayout(layout)# 托盘功能self.trayIcon = QSystemTrayIcon(QIcon("icon.png"), self)trayMenu = QMenu()exitAction = QAction("退出", self)exitAction.triggered.connect(self.close)trayMenu.addAction(exitAction)self.trayIcon.setContextMenu(trayMenu)self.trayIcon.show()def scheduleShutdown(self):shutdown_time = self.timeEdit.time()current_time = QTime.currentTime()seconds = current_time.secsTo(shutdown_time)if seconds <= 0:self.label.setText("请选择一个未来的时间！")returnself.label.setText(f"关机已设置，将在 {shutdown_time.toString()} 执行")os.system(f'shutdown -s -t {seconds}')def cancelShutdown(self):os.system('shutdown -a')self.label.setText("关机已取消！")if __name__ == '__main__':app = QApplication(sys.argv)ex = ShutdownApp()ex.show()sys.exit(app.exec_())

📌 功能使用

🛠️ 1. 运行软件

python shutdown_tool.py

⏳ 2. 设置定时关机

选择时间
点击 “设置关机”
程序将计算剩余时间，并执行关机命令

🚫 3. 取消关机

如果想取消定时关机，点击 “取消关机” 按钮
也可以手动在命令行执行：
```
shutdown -a
```

🔽 4. 系统托盘

运行后可最小化到托盘
右键点击托盘图标可 退出应用

📊 技术要点解析

1️⃣ 关机命令

Windows 提供 shutdown 命令来执行关机任务：

定时关机：
```
shutdown -s -t 秒数
```
取消关机：
```
shutdown -a
```

2️⃣ 计算关机时间

我们使用 QTime 计算当前时间到设定时间的秒数，避免时间计算错误：

seconds = current_time.secsTo(shutdown_time)

3️⃣ 托盘图标支持

使用 QSystemTrayIcon 实现最小化到托盘：

self.trayIcon = QSystemTrayIcon(QIcon("icon.png"), self)

这样即使窗口关闭，应用仍能在后台运行。

运行效果

在这里插入图片描述

相关源码

import os
import sys
import time
import configparser
import win32api
import win32con
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QGroupBox, QRadioButton, QDateTimeEdit, QLabel, QPushButton, QCheckBox, QSystemTrayIcon, QMenu, QMessageBox, QSpacerItem, QSizePolicy, QFrame)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QTimer, QDateTime, QTime, QSize, QSharedMemory
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QFont, QPalette, QColordef resource_path(relative_path):""" 获取资源的绝对路径，适用于开发环境和PyInstaller单文件模式 """if hasattr(sys, '_MEIPASS'):# PyInstaller创建的临时文件夹return os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, relative_path)return os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'), relative_path)class ShutdownApp(QMainWindow):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.task_running = Falseself.config_file = os.path.join(os.getenv('APPDATA'), 'shutdown_config.ini')self.first_show = True  # 用于跟踪是否是第一次显示self.setup_ui_style()self.init_ui()self.load_config()# 系统托盘self.tray_icon = QSystemTrayIcon(self)self.tray_icon.setIcon(QIcon(resource_path("icon.ico")))self.tray_icon.setToolTip("定时关机")self.tray_icon.activated.connect(self.tray_icon_activated)# 托盘菜单self.tray_menu = QMenu()self.show_action = self.tray_menu.addAction("显示")self.exit_action = self.tray_menu.addAction("退出")self.show_action.triggered.connect(self.show_normal)self.exit_action.triggered.connect(self.confirm_exit)self.tray_icon.setContextMenu(self.tray_menu)self.tray_icon.show()  # 确保托盘图标显示# 显示当前时间self.timer = QTimer(self)self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_current_time)self.timer.start(1000)# 剩余时间计时器self.countdown_timer = QTimer(self)self.countdown_timer.timeout.connect(self.update_remaining_time)def setup_ui_style(self):"""设置全局UI样式"""self.setStyleSheet("""QMainWindow {background-color: #f5f5f5;}QGroupBox {border: 1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 4px;margin-top: 10px;padding-top: 15px;font-weight: bold;color: #333;}QGroupBox::title {subcontrol-origin: margin;left: 10px;padding: 0 3px;}QRadioButton, QCheckBox {color: #444;}QPushButton {background-color: #4CAF50;color: white;border: none;padding: 8px 16px;border-radius: 4px;min-width: 80px;}QPushButton:hover {background-color: #45a049;}QPushButton:disabled {background-color: #cccccc;}QPushButton#cancel_btn {background-color: #f44336;}QPushButton#cancel_btn:hover {background-color: #d32f2f;}QDateTimeEdit {padding: 5px;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-radius: 4px;}QLabel#current_time_label {font-size: 16px;color: #333;padding: 5px;background-color: #e9f5e9;border-radius: 4px;}QLabel#remaining_time_label {font-size: 16px;color: #d32f2f;font-weight: bold;padding: 5px;background-color: #f9e9e9;border-radius: 4px;}""")def init_ui(self):self.setWindowTitle("定时关机")self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(resource_path("icon.ico")))self.resize(300, 440)# 主窗口布局main_widget = QWidget()self.setCentralWidget(main_widget)layout = QVBoxLayout(main_widget)layout.setContentsMargins(12, 12, 12, 12)layout.setSpacing(10)# 当前时间显示self.current_time_label = QLabel()self.current_time_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)self.current_time_label.setObjectName("current_time_label")layout.addWidget(self.current_time_label)# 添加分隔线line = QFrame()line.setFrameShape(QFrame.HLine)line.setFrameShadow(QFrame.Sunken)layout.addWidget(line)# 定时/延时选择time_type_group = QGroupBox("时间类型")time_type_layout = QHBoxLayout()time_type_layout.setContentsMargins(10, 15, 10, 10)self.fixed_time_radio = QRadioButton("定时关机")self.delay_time_radio = QRadioButton("延时关机")self.fixed_time_radio.setChecked(True)time_type_layout.addWidget(self.fixed_time_radio)time_type_layout.addWidget(self.delay_time_radio)time_type_group.setLayout(time_type_layout)layout.addWidget(time_type_group)# 定时时间选择self.fixed_datetime = QDateTimeEdit()self.fixed_datetime.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")self.fixed_datetime.setDateTime(QDateTime.currentDateTime())self.fixed_datetime.setCalendarPopup(True)layout.addWidget(self.fixed_datetime)# 延时时间选择self.delay_datetime = QDateTimeEdit()self.delay_datetime.setDisplayFormat("HH:mm:ss")self.delay_datetime.setTime(QTime(0, 0, 0))self.delay_datetime.setVisible(False)layout.addWidget(self.delay_datetime)# 连接信号self.fixed_time_radio.toggled.connect(self.on_time_type_changed)# 操作类型action_group = QGroupBox("操作类型")action_layout = QHBoxLayout()action_layout.setContentsMargins(10, 15, 10, 10)self.shutdown_radio = QRadioButton("关机")self.restart_radio = QRadioButton("重启")self.logoff_radio = QRadioButton("注销")self.shutdown_radio.setChecked(True)action_layout.addWidget(self.shutdown_radio)action_layout.addWidget(self.restart_radio)action_layout.addWidget(self.logoff_radio)action_group.setLayout(action_layout)layout.addWidget(action_group)# 选项options_group = QGroupBox("选项")options_layout = QVBoxLayout()options_layout.setContentsMargins(10, 15, 10, 10)self.auto_start_check = QCheckBox("随系统启动")self.loop_exec_check = QCheckBox("循环执行")options_layout.addWidget(self.auto_start_check)options_layout.addWidget(self.loop_exec_check)options_group.setLayout(options_layout)layout.addWidget(options_group)# 剩余时间显示self.remaining_time_label = QLabel()self.remaining_time_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)self.remaining_time_label.setObjectName("remaining_time_label")layout.addWidget(self.remaining_time_label)# 按钮布局button_layout = QHBoxLayout()button_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 10, 0, 0)button_layout.setSpacing(15)self.save_btn = QPushButton("保存设置")self.cancel_btn = QPushButton("取消")self.cancel_btn.setObjectName("cancel_btn")self.cancel_btn.setEnabled(False)self.save_btn.clicked.connect(self.save_config)self.cancel_btn.clicked.connect(self.cancel_task)button_layout.addWidget(self.save_btn)button_layout.addWidget(self.cancel_btn)layout.addLayout(button_layout)# 添加弹簧使布局更紧凑layout.addSpacerItem(QSpacerItem(20, 10, QSizePolicy.Minimum, QSizePolicy.Expanding))def on_time_type_changed(self, checked):self.fixed_datetime.setVisible(checked)self.delay_datetime.setVisible(not checked)def update_current_time(self):current_time = datetime.now().strftime("%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S")self.current_time_label.setText(f"当前时间: {current_time}")def save_config(self):config = configparser.ConfigParser()config['task'] = {'time_type': 'fixed' if self.fixed_time_radio.isChecked() else 'delay','time': self.fixed_datetime.dateTime().toString("HHmmss") if self.fixed_time_radio.isChecked() else self.delay_datetime.time().toString("HHmmss"),'execute_type': 'shutdown' if self.shutdown_radio.isChecked() else 'restart' if self.restart_radio.isChecked() else 'logoff','auto_start': '1' if self.auto_start_check.isChecked() else '0','task_circ': '1' if self.loop_exec_check.isChecked() else '0'}with open(self.config_file, 'w') as f:config.write(f)self.set_auto_start(self.auto_start_check.isChecked())self.cancel_btn.setEnabled(True)  # 保存后启用取消按钮self.start_task()def load_config(self):if not os.path.exists(self.config_file):returnconfig = configparser.ConfigParser()config.read(self.config_file)if 'task' in config:task_config = config['task']# 时间类型if task_config.get('time_type', 'fixed') == 'fixed':self.fixed_time_radio.setChecked(True)time_str = task_config.get('time', '000000')qtime = QTime.fromString(time_str, "HHmmss")current_date = QDateTime.currentDateTime()self.fixed_datetime.setDateTime(QDateTime(current_date.date(), qtime))else:self.delay_time_radio.setChecked(True)time_str = task_config.get('time', '000000')qtime = QTime.fromString(time_str, "HHmmss")self.delay_datetime.setTime(qtime)# 操作类型execute_type = task_config.get('execute_type', 'shutdown')if execute_type == 'shutdown':self.shutdown_radio.setChecked(True)elif execute_type == 'restart':self.restart_radio.setChecked(True)else:self.logoff_radio.setChecked(True)# 选项self.auto_start_check.setChecked(task_config.get('auto_start', '0') == '1')self.loop_exec_check.setChecked(task_config.get('task_circ', '0') == '1')if self.loop_exec_check.isChecked():self.cancel_btn.setEnabled(True)self.start_task()def set_auto_start(self, enable):key = win32con.HKEY_CURRENT_USERsub_key = r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"try:reg_key = win32api.RegOpenKey(key, sub_key, 0, win32con.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)if enable:win32api.RegSetValueEx(reg_key, "定时关机", 0, win32con.REG_SZ, sys.executable)else:try:win32api.RegDeleteValue(reg_key, "定时关机")except:passwin32api.RegCloseKey(reg_key)except Exception as e:QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", f"设置自启动失败: {str(e)}")def start_task(self):if self.task_running:returnself.task_running = Trueself.toggle_components(True)if self.fixed_time_radio.isChecked():target_time = self.fixed_datetime.dateTime().toPyDateTime()now = datetime.now()if target_time < now:target_time += timedelta(days=1)self.target_time = target_timeelse:delay = self.delay_datetime.time()self.target_time = datetime.now() + timedelta(hours=delay.hour(),minutes=delay.minute(),seconds=delay.second())self.countdown_timer.start(1000)self.update_remaining_time()def update_remaining_time(self):now = datetime.now()remaining = self.target_time - nowif remaining.total_seconds() <= 0:self.execute_action()if self.loop_exec_check.isChecked():self.start_task()else:self.cancel_task()returnhours, remainder = divmod(int(remaining.total_seconds()), 3600)minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)remaining_str = f"{hours}小时{minutes}分{seconds}秒"self.remaining_time_label.setText(f"剩余时间: {remaining_str}")# 更新托盘提示self.tray_icon.setToolTip(f"定时关机\n剩余时间: {remaining_str}")def execute_action(self):if self.shutdown_radio.isChecked():os.system("shutdown -s -t 0")elif self.restart_radio.isChecked():os.system("shutdown -r -t 0")else:os.system("shutdown -l")def cancel_task(self):"""取消定时任务"""if not self.task_running:QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "没有正在运行的任务")returnreply = QMessageBox.question(self, "确认", "确定要取消定时任务吗?", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No)if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:self.task_running = Falseself.countdown_timer.stop()self.remaining_time_label.setText("")self.tray_icon.setToolTip("定时关机")self.toggle_components(False)self.cancel_btn.setEnabled(False)# 显示取消成功的提示QMessageBox.information(self, "提示", "定时任务已取消", QMessageBox.Ok)def toggle_components(self, disabled):self.fixed_time_radio.setDisabled(disabled)self.delay_time_radio.setDisabled(disabled)self.fixed_datetime.setDisabled(disabled)self.delay_datetime.setDisabled(disabled)self.shutdown_radio.setDisabled(disabled)self.restart_radio.setDisabled(disabled)self.logoff_radio.setDisabled(disabled)self.auto_start_check.setDisabled(disabled)self.loop_exec_check.setDisabled(disabled)self.save_btn.setDisabled(disabled)def tray_icon_activated(self, reason):if reason == QSystemTrayIcon.DoubleClick:self.show_normal()def show_normal(self):self.show()self.setWindowState(self.windowState() & ~Qt.WindowMinimized)self.activateWindow()self.raise_()def closeEvent(self, event):"""重写关闭事件，改为最小化到托盘"""if self.isVisible():self.hide()self.tray_icon.show()  # 确保托盘图标显示if not self.first_show:  # 第一次启动时不显示消息self.tray_icon.showMessage("定时关机", "程序已最小化到托盘", QSystemTrayIcon.Information, 2000)self.first_show = Falseevent.ignore()else:# 真正退出程序self.tray_icon.hide()event.accept()def confirm_exit(self):reply = QMessageBox.question(self, '确认', '是否退出?', QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:self.tray_icon.hide()QApplication.quit()def main():# 防止重复运行shared = QSharedMemory("定时关机")if not shared.create(512, QSharedMemory.ReadWrite):QMessageBox.warning(None, "警告", "程序已经在运行!")sys.exit(0)# 设置高DPI支持QApplication.setAttribute(Qt.AA_EnableHighDpiScaling)app = QApplication(sys.argv)window = ShutdownApp()# 如果配置了随系统启动且循环执行，则不显示窗口config_file = os.path.join(os.getenv('APPDATA'), 'shutdown_config.ini')if os.path.exists(config_file):config = configparser.ConfigParser()config.read(config_file)if 'task' in config and config['task'].get('auto_start', '0') == '1':if config['task'].get('task_circ', '0') == '1':window.showMinimized()else:window.show()else:window.show()else:window.show()sys.exit(app.exec_())if __name__ == '__main__':main()