文章目录
- 1、功能描述
- 2、原理分析
- 3、代码实现
- 4、效果展示
- 5、完整代码
- 6、参考
1、功能描述
利用液化效果实现瘦脸美颜
交互式的液化效果原理来自 Gustafsson A. Interactive image warping[D]. , 1993.
2、原理分析
上面描述很清晰了,鼠标初始在 C,也即形变范围的圆心在 C,形变半径 r m a x r_{max} rmax,形变方向 C→M,
圆圈内原始 U 位置会被形变到 X,可以简单直白理解为拉伸后 U 位置的值给了 X 位置,此时 U 位置空置了,需要插值
插值公示 93 年的论文中直接给出了,我们尝试 coding
这里还涉及到插值,我们回顾下比较常见的双线性插值原理
3、代码实现
导入必要的库函数
import dlib
import cv2
import numpy as np
import math
载入人脸检测器和人脸关键点检测模型
predictor_path = "./shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat"# 使用dlib自带的frontal_face_detector作为我们的特征提取器
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector() # 人脸检测器
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(predictor_path) # 关键点检测模型
读入图片,调用 face_thin_auto
函数,实现瘦脸
def main():src = cv2.imread(r'./1.jpg') # (1546, 1236, 3)# cv2.imshow('src', src)face_thin_auto(src)cv2.waitKey(0)if __name__ == '__main__':main()
看看 face_thin_auto
函数的实现细节
def face_thin_auto(src):landmarks = landmark_dec_dlib_fun(src)point_img = src.copy()for index, landmark in enumerate(landmarks[0]):cv2.circle(point_img, center=np.array(landmark)[0], radius=5, color=(255, 0, 0), thickness=-1)cv2.putText(point_img, str(index), org=(landmark[0,0]-30, landmark[0,1]),fontFace=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_TRIPLEX,fontScale=0.5, color=(0,255,0))cv2.imwrite("point.jpg", point_img)# 如果未检测到人脸关键点,就不进行瘦脸if len(landmarks) == 0:print("not detect face keypoint")returnthin_image = srclandmarks_node = landmarks[0]endPt = landmarks_node[16] # matrix([[753, 450]])for index in range(3, 14, 2):start_landmark = landmarks_node[index]end_landmark = landmarks_node[index + 2]r = math.sqrt((start_landmark[0, 0] - end_landmark[0, 0]) **2 +(start_landmark[0, 1] - end_landmark[0, 1]) **2)thin_image = localTranslationWarp(thin_image, start_landmark[0, 0],start_landmark[0, 1], endPt[0, 0], endPt[0, 1], r)# 显示# cv2.imshow('thin', thin_image)cv2.imwrite(r'./thin.jpg', thin_image)
landmark_dec_dlib_fun
检测人脸和人脸关键点,实现如下
def landmark_dec_dlib_fun(img_src):img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img_src, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)cv2.imwrite("gray.jpg", img_gray)land_marks = []rects = detector(img_gray, 0) # 人脸检测,[[(336, 286) (782, 732)]]plot_img = img_src.copy()for i in range(len(rects)): # 遍历检测到的人脸cv2.rectangle(plot_img, (rects[i].left(), rects[i].top()), (rects[i].right(), rects[i].bottom()),color=(0,255,0), thickness=10)land_marks_node = np.matrix([[p.x, p.y] for p in predictor(img_gray, rects[i]).parts()])land_marks.append(land_marks_node)cv2.imwrite("face_det.jpg", plot_img)return land_marks
先把图片变成灰度图,然后人脸检测,绘制人脸检测结果,人脸关键点检测,返回关键点坐标
face_thin_auto
函数接下来绘制人脸关键点,一共 68 个
遍历关键点,3,5,7,9,11,13
也即 C = 3,5,7,9,11,13,M = 16
r m a x r_{max} rmax 为关键点 3-5 的距离,5-7 的距离,7-9 的距离,9-11 的距离,11-13 的距离,13-15 的距离
调用 localTranslationWarp
求瘦脸后的图片,
def localTranslationWarp(srcImg, startX, startY, endX, endY, radius):ddradius = float(radius * radius)copyImg = srcImg.copy()# 计算公式中的|m-c|^2ddmc = (endX - startX) ** 2 + (endY - startY) ** 2H, W, C = srcImg.shapefor i in range(W):for j in range(H):# 计算该点是否在形变圆的范围之内# 优化,第一步,直接判断是会在(startX,startY)的矩阵框中if math.fabs(i - startX) > radius and math.fabs(j - startY) > radius:continue # 不在 continuedistance = (i - startX) ** 2 + (j - startY) ** 2if (distance < ddradius):# 计算出(i,j)坐标的原坐标# 计算公式中右边平方号里的部分ratio = (ddradius - distance) / (ddradius - distance + ddmc)ratio = ratio ** 2# 映射原位置UX = i - ratio * (endX - startX)UY = j - ratio * (endY - startY)# 根据双线性插值法得到UX,UY的值value = BilinearInsert(srcImg, UX, UY)# 改变当前 i ,j的值copyImg[j, i] = valuereturn copyImg
localTranslationWarp
仅作用与以 C 为圆心, r m a x r_{max} rmax 范围内的像素点,像素点的坐标求法代入公式计算,值用插值求出
双线性插值实现
def BilinearInsert(src, ux, uy):w, h, c = src.shapeif c == 3:x1 = int(ux)x2 = x1 + 1y1 = int(uy)y2 = y1 + 1part1 = src[y1, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (float(y2) - uy)part2 = src[y1, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (float(y2) - uy)part3 = src[y2, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (uy - float(y1))part4 = src[y2, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (uy - float(y1))insertValue = part1 + part2 + part3 + part4return insertValue.astype(np.int8)
我们看看
part1 = src[y1, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (float(y2) - uy)part2 = src[y1, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (float(y2) - uy)part3 = src[y2, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (uy - float(y1))part4 = src[y2, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (uy - float(y1))
对应
f ( Q 11 ) ∗ x 2 − x x 2 − x 1 ∗ y 2 − y y 2 − y 1 = f ( Q 11 ) ∗ ( x 2 − x ) ∗ ( y 2 − y ) f(Q_{11}) * \frac{x_2 - x}{x_2- x_1} * \frac{y_2 - y}{y_2- y_1} = f(Q_{11}) * (x_2 - x) * (y_2 - y) f(Q11)∗x2−x1x2−x∗y2−y1y2−y=f(Q11)∗(x2−x)∗(y2−y)
f ( Q 21 ) ∗ x − x 1 x 2 − x 1 ∗ y 2 − y y 2 − y 1 = f ( Q 21 ) ∗ ( x − x 1 ) ∗ ( y 2 − y ) f(Q_{21}) * \frac{x - x_1}{x_2- x_1} * \frac{y_2 - y}{y_2- y_1} = f(Q_{21}) * (x - x_1) * (y_2 - y) f(Q21)∗x2−x1x−x1∗y2−y1y2−y=f(Q21)∗(x−x1)∗(y2−y)
f ( Q 12 ) ∗ x 2 − x x 2 − x 1 ∗ y − y 1 y 2 − y 1 = f ( Q 12 ) ∗ ( x 2 − x ) ∗ ( y − y 1 ) f(Q_{12}) * \frac{x_2 - x}{x_2- x_1} * \frac{y - y_1}{y_2- y_1} = f(Q_{12}) * (x_2 - x) * (y - y_1) f(Q12)∗x2−x1x2−x∗y2−y1y−y1=f(Q12)∗(x2−x)∗(y−y1)
f ( Q 22 ) ∗ x − x 1 x 2 − x 1 ∗ y − y 1 y 2 − y 1 = f ( Q 22 ) ∗ ( x − x 1 ) ∗ ( y − y 1 ) f(Q_{22}) * \frac{x - x_1}{x_2- x_1} * \frac{y - y_1}{y_2- y_1} = f(Q_{22}) * (x - x_1) * (y - y_1) f(Q22)∗x2−x1x−x1∗y2−y1y−y1=f(Q22)∗(x−x1)∗(y−y1)
4、效果展示
输入
输出
再明显一点试试
输入
输出
肉眼看不太明显,对比工具看比较明显
缩小下图片的输入分辨率
效果会明显一些
5、完整代码
import dlib
import cv2
import numpy as np
import mathpredictor_path = "./shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat"# 使用dlib自带的frontal_face_detector作为我们的特征提取器
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(predictor_path)def landmark_dec_dlib_fun(img_src):img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img_src, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)cv2.imwrite("gray.jpg", img_gray)land_marks = []rects = detector(img_gray, 0) # 人脸检测,[[(336, 286) (782, 732)]]plot_img = img_src.copy()for i in range(len(rects)): # 遍历检测到的人脸cv2.rectangle(plot_img, (rects[i].left(), rects[i].top()), (rects[i].right(), rects[i].bottom()),color=(0,255,0), thickness=10)land_marks_node = np.matrix([[p.x, p.y] for p in predictor(img_gray, rects[i]).parts()])land_marks.append(land_marks_node)cv2.imwrite("face_det.jpg", plot_img)return land_marks'''
方法: Interactive Image Warping 局部平移算法
'''
def localTranslationWarp(srcImg, startX, startY, endX, endY, radius):ddradius = float(radius * radius)copyImg = srcImg.copy()# 计算公式中的|m-c|^2ddmc = (endX - startX) ** 2 + (endY - startY) ** 2H, W, C = srcImg.shapefor i in range(W):for j in range(H):# 计算该点是否在形变圆的范围之内# 优化,第一步,直接判断是会在(startX,startY)的矩阵框中if math.fabs(i - startX) > radius and math.fabs(j - startY) > radius:continue # 不在 continuedistance = (i - startX) ** 2 + (j - startY) ** 2if (distance < ddradius):# 计算出(i,j)坐标的原坐标# 计算公式中右边平方号里的部分ratio = (ddradius - distance) / (ddradius - distance + ddmc)ratio = ratio ** 2# 映射原位置UX = i - ratio * (endX - startX)UY = j - ratio * (endY - startY)# 根据双线性插值法得到UX,UY的值value = BilinearInsert(srcImg, UX, UY)# 改变当前 i ,j的值copyImg[j, i] = valuereturn copyImg# 双线性插值法
def BilinearInsert(src, ux, uy):w, h, c = src.shapeif c == 3:x1 = int(ux)x2 = x1 + 1y1 = int(uy)y2 = y1 + 1part1 = src[y1, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (float(y2) - uy)part2 = src[y1, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (float(y2) - uy)part3 = src[y2, x1].astype(float) * (float(x2) - ux) * (uy - float(y1))part4 = src[y2, x2].astype(float) * (ux - float(x1)) * (uy - float(y1))insertValue = part1 + part2 + part3 + part4return insertValue.astype(np.int8)def face_thin_auto(src):landmarks = landmark_dec_dlib_fun(src)point_img = src.copy()for index, landmark in enumerate(landmarks[0]):cv2.circle(point_img, center=np.array(landmark)[0], radius=5, color=(255, 0, 0), thickness=-1)cv2.putText(point_img, str(index), org=(landmark[0,0]-30, landmark[0,1]),fontFace=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_TRIPLEX,fontScale=0.5, color=(0,255,0))cv2.imwrite("point.jpg", point_img)# 如果未检测到人脸关键点,就不进行瘦脸if len(landmarks) == 0:print("not detect face keypoint")returnthin_image = srclandmarks_node = landmarks[0]endPt = landmarks_node[16] # matrix([[753, 450]])for index in range(3, 14, 2):start_landmark = landmarks_node[index]end_landmark = landmarks_node[index + 2]r = math.sqrt((start_landmark[0, 0] - end_landmark[0, 0]) **2 +(start_landmark[0, 1] - end_landmark[0, 1]) **2)thin_image = localTranslationWarp(thin_image, start_landmark[0, 0],start_landmark[0, 1], endPt[0, 0], endPt[0, 1], r)# 显示# cv2.imshow('thin', thin_image)cv2.imwrite(r'./thin.jpg', thin_image)def main():src = cv2.imread(r'./1.jpg') # (1546, 1236, 3)# cv2.imshow('src', src)face_thin_auto(src)cv2.waitKey(0)if __name__ == '__main__':main()
6、参考
-
http://dlib.net/files/
shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat.bz2 -
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1gO_wqRAtWndGkUhZOSBw2Q?pwd=4enn
提取码: 4enn -
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http://www.gson.org/thesis/warping-thesis.pdf
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