SpringBoot集成JWT和Redis实现鉴权登录功能

目前市面上有许多鉴权框架，鉴权原理大同小异，本文简单介绍下利用JWT和Redis实现鉴权功能，算是抛砖引玉吧。
主要原理就是“令牌主动失效机制”，主要包括以下4个步骤：
(1)利用拦截器LoginInterceptor实现所有接口登录拦截（其中登录接口和注册接口不拦截）

(2)登录成功后，利用JWT生成包含有效期的Token令牌，在给浏览器响应令牌的同时，将该令牌存储到Redis中。

(3)在LoginInterceptor拦截器中，需要验证浏览器携带的Token，与Redis中存储的Token对比，不一致则报错，否则，继续。

(4)当用户修改密码成功后，删除Redis中存储的旧令牌。

一、代码实战

1、环境准备

application.yaml配置

spring:datasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/big_eventusername: rootpassword: root1234data:redis:host: localhostport: 6379mybatis:configuration:map-underscore-to-camel-case: true #开启驼峰命名和下划线命名的自动转换；这里是全局配置，也可以在mapper接口中单独配置log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
server:port: 8080

pom.xml核心配置

    <!--mybatis依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.0.3</version></dependency><!--java-jwt坐标--><dependency><groupId>com.auth0</groupId><artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId><version>4.4.0</version></dependency><!--redis坐标--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency>

2、LoginInterceptor拦截器

@Component
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {//令牌验证String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");//验证tokentry {//从redis中获取相同的tokenValueOperations<String, String> operations = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue();String redisToken = operations.get(token);if (redisToken == null) {//token已经失效了throw new RuntimeException();}Map<String, Object> claims = JwtUtil.parseToken(token);//把业务数据存储到ThreadLocal中ThreadLocalUtil.set(claims);//放行return true;} catch (Exception e) {//http响应状态码为401response.setStatus(401);//不放行return false;}}@Overridepublic void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {//清空ThreadLocal中的数据ThreadLocalUtil.remove();}
}

3、UserController控制器

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Validated
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;@PostMapping("/register")public Result register(@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{5,16}$") String username, @Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{5,16}$") String password) {//查询用户User u = userService.findByUserName(username);if (u == null) {//没有占用//注册，将用户的密码通过MD5加密存储到表user中userService.register(username, password);return Result.success();} else {//占用return Result.error("用户名已被占用");}}@PostMapping("/login")public Result<String> login(@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{5,16}$") String username, @Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{5,16}$") String password) {//根据用户名查询用户User loginUser = userService.findByUserName(username);//判断该用户是否存在if (loginUser == null) {return Result.error("用户名错误");}//判断密码是否正确  loginUser对象中的password是密文if (Md5Util.getMD5String(password).equals(loginUser.getPassword())) {//登录成功Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();claims.put("id", loginUser.getId());claims.put("username", loginUser.getUsername());String token = JwtUtil.genToken(claims);//把token存储到redis中ValueOperations<String, String> operations = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue();operations.set(token, token, 1, TimeUnit.HOURS);return Result.success(token);}return Result.error("密码错误");}@GetMapping("/userInfo")public Result<User> userInfo(/*@RequestHeader(name = "Authorization") String token*/) {//根据用户名查询用户/* Map<String, Object> map = JwtUtil.parseToken(token);String username = (String) map.get("username");*/Map<String, Object> map = ThreadLocalUtil.get();String username = (String) map.get("username");User user = userService.findByUserName(username);return Result.success(user);}@PutMapping("/update")public Result update(@RequestBody @Validated User user) {userService.update(user);return Result.success();}@PatchMapping("/updatePwd")public Result updatePwd(@RequestBody Map<String, String> params, @RequestHeader("Authorization") String token) {//1.校验参数String oldPwd = params.get("old_pwd");String newPwd = params.get("new_pwd");String rePwd = params.get("re_pwd");if (!StringUtils.hasLength(oldPwd) || !StringUtils.hasLength(newPwd) || !StringUtils.hasLength(rePwd)) {return Result.error("缺少必要的参数");}//原密码是否正确//调用userService根据用户名拿到原密码,再和old_pwd比对Map<String, Object> map = ThreadLocalUtil.get();String username = (String) map.get("username");User loginUser = userService.findByUserName(username);if (!loginUser.getPassword().equals(Md5Util.getMD5String(oldPwd))) {return Result.error("原密码填写不正确");}//newPwd和rePwd是否一样if (!rePwd.equals(newPwd)) {return Result.error("两次填写的新密码不一样");}//2.调用service完成密码更新userService.updatePwd(newPwd);//删除redis中对应的tokenValueOperations<String, String> operations = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue();operations.getOperations().delete(token);return Result.success();}
}

4、JwtUtil和Md5Util工具类

注意，这里用Md5进行加密是不安全算法，这里仅仅是为了测试需要，生产上需要用公司对应自己的安全加密算法工具。

public class JwtUtil {private static final String KEY = "testJWT";//接收业务数据,生成token并返回public static String genToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {return JWT.create().withClaim("claims", claims).withExpiresAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 1000 * 60 * 60 )).sign(Algorithm.HMAC256(KEY));}//接收token,验证token,并返回业务数据public static Map<String, Object> parseToken(String token) {return JWT.require(Algorithm.HMAC256(KEY)).build().verify(token).getClaim("claims").asMap();}}

public class Md5Util {/*** 默认的密码字符串组合，用来将字节转换成 16 进制表示的字符,apache校验下载的文件的正确性用的就是默认的这个组合*/protected static char hexDigits[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};protected static MessageDigest messagedigest = null;static {try {messagedigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsaex) {System.err.println(Md5Util.class.getName() + "初始化失败，MessageDigest不支持MD5Util。");nsaex.printStackTrace();}}/*** 生成字符串的md5校验值** @param s* @return*/public static String getMD5String(String s) {return getMD5String(s.getBytes());}/*** 判断字符串的md5校验码是否与一个已知的md5码相匹配** @param password  要校验的字符串* @param md5PwdStr 已知的md5校验码* @return*/public static boolean checkPassword(String password, String md5PwdStr) {String s = getMD5String(password);return s.equals(md5PwdStr);}public static String getMD5String(byte[] bytes) {messagedigest.update(bytes);return bufferToHex(messagedigest.digest());}private static String bufferToHex(byte bytes[]) {return bufferToHex(bytes, 0, bytes.length);}private static String bufferToHex(byte bytes[], int m, int n) {StringBuffer stringbuffer = new StringBuffer(2 * n);int k = m + n;for (int l = m; l < k; l++) {appendHexPair(bytes[l], stringbuffer);}return stringbuffer.toString();}private static void appendHexPair(byte bt, StringBuffer stringbuffer) {char c0 = hexDigits[(bt & 0xf0) >> 4];// 取字节中高 4 位的数字转换, >>>// 为逻辑右移，将符号位一起右移,此处未发现两种符号有何不同char c1 = hexDigits[bt & 0xf];// 取字节中低 4 位的数字转换stringbuffer.append(c0);stringbuffer.append(c1);}}