俄罗斯方块【python，小游戏】

俄罗斯方块（Tetris）是一款经典的俄罗斯益智游戏，游戏的核心玩法是通过移动、旋转和放置不同形状的方块，使它们在游戏界面的底部形成完整的水平线。一旦水平线填满，就会被清除，为新的方块腾出空间。

在 Python 中可以使用第三方库pygame来实现简单的俄罗斯方块游戏，使用pygame前需确保其已经安装。示例代码如下：

import random
import sysimport pygame# 定义俄罗斯方块类
class Tetris:# 初始化方块类型all_block_shapes = [[[0, 0], [0, -1], [0, 1], [0, 2]],[[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0]],[[0, 0], [0, -1], [-1, 0], [-1, 1]],[[0, 0], [0, 1], [-1, -1], [-1, 0]],[[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [0, -1]],[[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, -1]],[[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, 1]]]current_block_shape = list(random.choice(all_block_shapes))score = [0]game_over = []# 初始化def __init__(self, height, width, block_initial_position, screen):self.background = [[0 for column in range(0, width)] for row inrange(0, height)]self.background[0] = [1 for column in range(0, width)]self.block_initial_position = block_initial_positionself.screen = screen# 旋转方块函数def rotate_block(self):# 获取方块的初始位置y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position# 计算方块旋转后的位置rotating_position = [(-column, row) for row, column inself.current_block_shape]# 检查旋转后的位置是否合法for row, column in rotating_position:row += y_dropcolumn += x_move# 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠，则跳出循环if column < 0 or column > 9 or self.background[row][column]:breakelse:# 如果旋转后的位置合法，则更新方块的位置self.current_block_shape.clear()self.current_block_shape.extend(rotating_position)# 方块下移函数def block_move_down(self):# 获取方块的初始位置y_drop = self.block_initial_position[0]x_move = self.block_initial_position[1]y_drop -= 1# 检查方块下移后的位置是否合法for row, column in self.current_block_shape:row += y_dropcolumn += x_move# 如果下方有背景方块，则停止下移if self.background[row][column] == 1:breakelse:# 如果下移位置合法，则更新方块的位置self.block_initial_position.clear()self.block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])return# 如果方块无法下移，则将方块固定在背景上，并处理消除的行y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_positionfor row, column in self.current_block_shape:self.background[y_drop + row][x_move + column] = 1complete_row = []# 检查是否有行满了for row in range(1, 21):if 0 not in self.background[row]:complete_row.append(row)complete_row.sort(reverse=True)# 消除满行，并得分for row in complete_row:self.background.pop(row)self.background.append([0 for column in range(0, 10)])self.score[0] += len(complete_row)pygame.display.set_caption(str(self.score[0]) + '分')# 选择下一个方块并放置在顶部self.current_block_shape.clear()self.current_block_shape.extend(list(random.choice(self.all_block_shapes)))self.block_initial_position.clear()self.block_initial_position.extend([20, 5])y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position# 检查是否游戏结束for row, column in self.current_block_shape:row += y_dropcolumn += x_moveif self.background[row][column]:self.game_over.append(1)# 绘制元素函数def draw_elements(self):# 绘制方块y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_positionfor row, column in self.current_block_shape:row += y_dropcolumn += x_movepygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (255, 165, 0),(column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))# 绘制背景方块for row in range(0, 20):for column in range(0, 10):bottom_block = self.background[row][column]if bottom_block:pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (0, 0, 255),(column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))# 方块左右移动函数def move_block_left_right(self, n):# 方块水平移动y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_positionx_move += nfor row, column in self.current_block_shape:row += y_dropcolumn += x_move# 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠，则跳出循环if column < 0 or column > 9 or self.background[row][column]:breakelse:# 如果移动位置合法，则更新方块的位置self.block_initial_position.clear()self.block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])# 事件处理函数def handle_events(self):times = 0is_press = Falsewhile True:self.screen.fill((255, 255, 255))# 按键事件for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:sys.exit()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:self.move_block_left_right(-1)elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:self.move_block_left_right(1)elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_UP:self.rotate_block()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:is_press = Trueelif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:is_press = False# 如果下箭头键被按下，则加快方块下落速度if is_press:times += 10# 达到时间阈值时让方块向下移动，并重置时间if times >= 100:self.block_move_down()times = 0else:times += 1# 如果游戏结束，则退出程序if self.game_over:sys.exit()self.draw_elements()pygame.time.Clock().tick(200)pygame.display.flip()# 游戏入口
def main():height = 22width = 10block_initial_position = [21, 5]pygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((250, 500))pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")tetris = Tetris(height, width, block_initial_position, screen)# 调用按键事件处理函数tetris.handle_events()# 启动游戏
main()