文章目录
- 1. chown 命令说明
- 2. chown 命令语法
- 3. chown 命令示例
- 3.1 修改属主
- 3.2 修改属组
- 3.3 修改属主和属组
- 3.4 修改文件夹所属
- 4. 总结
1. chown 命令说明
chown:更改文件的用户或用户组,需要 root 用户或 sudo 权限的用户执行该命令。基本信息如下:
Usage: chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...or: chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.
With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed--dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this isthe default), rather than the symbolic link itself-h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file(useful only on systems that can change theownership of a symlink)--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUPchange the owner and/or group of each file only ifits current owner and/or group match those specifiedhere. Either may be omitted, in which case a matchis not required for the omitted attribute--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default)--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/'--reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather thanspecifying OWNER:GROUP values-R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursivelyThe following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R
option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final
one takes effect.-H if a command line argument is a symbolic linkto a directory, traverse it-L traverse every symbolic link to a directoryencountered-P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)--help display this help and exit--version output version information and exitOwner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed
to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER.
OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.Examples:chown root /u Change the owner of /u to "root".chown root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff".chown -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root".GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'chown invocation'
参数如下:
选项 | 作用 |
---|---|
-c | 只有真正更改时才会显示信息 |
-f | 忽略错误信息 |
-h | 修复符号链接 |
-v | 显示详细的处理信息 |
-R | 处理文件夹及文件夹中所有文件、子文件夹 |
-H | 配合 -R ,如果命令行参数是指向目录的符号链接,则遍历它 |
-L | 配合 -R ,遍历遇到的每个指向目录的符号链接 |
-P | 配合 -R ,不遍历任何符号链接(默认) |
2. chown 命令语法
chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE
3. chown 命令示例
3.1 修改属主
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 root root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]#
3.2 修改属组
修改属组需要加冒号
[root@localhost aaa]# chown :test1 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# id test2
uid=1015(test2) gid=1015(test2) groups=1015(test2)
[root@localhost aaa]# chown 1015 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]#
3.3 修改属主和属组
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test2 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]#
3.4 修改文件夹所属
修改文件夹时,若不加 -R 选项,会只修改该文件夹的所属,加 -R 会将该文件夹下所有内容一起修改。
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test1 bbb/
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 test1 test1 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/
[root@localhost bbb]# ll
total 0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc
[root@localhost bbb]# cd ..
[root@localhost aaa]# chown -R test1:test1 bbb/
[root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/
[root@localhost bbb]# ll
total 0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 test1 test1 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 2 test1 test1 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc
[root@localhost bbb]#
4. 总结
chown:更改文件的用户或用户组,常用命令
chown 属主:属组 文件
若是想同步改变文件夹的内容所属,则加上 -R。