Kubernetes 之 ConfigMap
ConfigMap 定义
ConfigMap 是一种 API 对象，用来将非机密性的数据保存到键值对中。使用时， Pod 可以将其用作环境变量、命令行参数或者存储卷中的配置文件。通过使用 ConfigMap 可以将你的配置数据和应用程序代码分开。
ConfigMap 的创建
-
直接在命令行中指定 Config 参数创建，通过
--from-literal指定参数kubectl create configmap mysql-config --from-literal=MYSQL_PORT=3306 --from-literal=MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=passwdroot@k8s-master1:~# kubectl get cm/mysql-config NAME DATA AGE mysql-config 2 10s root@k8s-master1:~# kubectl describe cm/mysql-config Name: mysql-config Namespace: default Labels: <none> Annotations: <none>Data ==== MYSQL_PORT: ---- 3306 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ---- passwdBinaryData ==== -
通过指定文件创建，先创建一个
nginx.conf文件，然后通过--from-file指令创建worker_processes 1;events {worker_connections 1024; }http {include /etc/nginx/mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;server {listen 80;server_name localhost;location / {root /usr/share/nginx/html;index index.html index.htm;}} }kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file nginx/nginx.confroot@k8s-master1:~# kubectl describe cm/nginx-config Name: nginx-config Namespace: default Labels: <none> Annotations: <none>Data ==== nginx.conf: ---- worker_processes 1;\r \r events {\rworker_connections 1024;\r }\r \r http {\rinclude /etc/nginx/mime.types;\rdefault_type application/octet-stream;\r \rserver {\rlisten 80;\rserver_name localhost;\r \rlocation / {\rroot /usr/share/nginx/html;\rindex index.html index.htm;\r}\r}\r }BinaryData ====Events: <none> -
通过指定文件夹创建，先创建一个
nginx文件夹，再创建一个index.html文件,然后把index.html文件和nginx.conf文件移动到nginx文件夹下，然后通过--from-file指令创建<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Nginx Test</title> </head> <body> Hello World </body> </html>kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file nginx/root@k8s-master1:~# kubectl describe cm/nginx-config Name: nginx-config Namespace: default Labels: <none> Annotations: <none>Data ==== index.html: ---- <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Nginx Test</title> </head> <body> Hello World </body> </html> nginx.conf: ---- worker_processes 1;\r \r events {\rworker_connections 1024;\r }\r \r http {\rinclude /etc/nginx/mime.types;\rdefault_type application/octet-stream;\r \rserver {\rlisten 80;\rserver_name localhost;\r \rlocation / {\rroot /usr/share/nginx/html;\rindex index.html index.htm;\r}\r}\r }BinaryData ==== -
通过 yaml 文件的方式创建
kubectl create -f configmap-mysql-nginx.yamlroot@k8s-master1:~# kubectl describe cm/configmap-mysql-nginx Name: configmap-mysql-nginx Namespace: default Labels: app=configmap-mysql-nginx Annotations: <none>Data ==== MYSQL_PORT: ---- 3306 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ---- passwd index.html: ---- <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Nginx Test</title> </head> <body>Hello World </body> </html>nginx.conf: ---- worker_processes 1;events {worker_connections 1024; }http {include /etc/nginx/mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;server {listen 80;server_name localhost;location / {root /usr/share/nginx/html;index index.html index.htm;}} }BinaryData ====Events: <none>
ConfigMap 使用
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:name: pod-configmap
spec:containers:- name: configmap-testimage: busyboxcommand: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "sleep 3600" ]env:- name: MYSQL_PORTvalueFrom:configMapKeyRef:name: configmap-mysql-nginxkey: MYSQL_PORT- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORDvalueFrom:configMapKeyRef:name: configmap-mysql-nginxkey: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORDenvFrom:- configMapRef:name: service-configvolumeMounts:- name: volume-configmapmountPath: /etc/nginxvolumes:- name: volume-configmapconfigMap:name: configmap-mysql-nginxrestartPolicy: Neverroot@k8s-master1:~# kubectl exec -it pod-configmap -- /bin/sh
/ # env
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
HOSTNAME=pod-configmap
SHLVL=1
HOME=/root
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=passwd
SERVICE_NAME=configmap-test
TERM=xterm
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_ADDR=10.96.0.1
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PROTO=tcp
MYSQL_PORT=3306
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST=10.96.0.1
PWD=/
/ # ls -al /etc/nginx/
total 12
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 4096 Jun 1 02:16 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jun 1 02:16 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 1 02:16 ..2024_06_01_02_16_52.4048032045
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Jun 1 02:16 ..data -> ..2024_06_01_02_16_52.4048032045
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jun 1 02:16 MYSQL_PORT -> ..data/MYSQL_PORT
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Jun 1 02:16 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD -> ..data/MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jun 1 02:16 index.html -> ..data/index.html
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jun 1 02:16 nginx.conf -> ..data/nginx.conf
/ #
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