Nginx 实战-01-nginx ubuntu(windows WSL2) 安装笔记

前言

大家好，我是老马。很高兴遇到你。

我们为 java 开发者实现了 java 版本的 nginx

https://github.com/houbb/nginx4j

如果你想知道 servlet 如何处理的，可以参考我的另一个项目：

手写从零实现简易版 tomcat minicat

手写 nginx 系列

如果你对 nginx 原理感兴趣，可以阅读：

从零手写实现 nginx-01-为什么不能有 java 版本的 nginx?

从零手写实现 nginx-02-nginx 的核心能力

从零手写实现 nginx-03-nginx 基于 Netty 实现

从零手写实现 nginx-04-基于 netty http 出入参优化处理

从零手写实现 nginx-05-MIME类型（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions，多用途互联网邮件扩展类型）

从零手写实现 nginx-06-文件夹自动索引

从零手写实现 nginx-07-大文件下载

从零手写实现 nginx-08-范围查询

从零手写实现 nginx-09-文件压缩

从零手写实现 nginx-10-sendfile 零拷贝

从零手写实现 nginx-11-file+range 合并

从零手写实现 nginx-12-keep-alive 连接复用

环境说明

本地 windows 使用 WSL

安装预构建的 Ubuntu 包

NGINX 为以下 Ubuntu 操作系统提供包：

版本	代号	支持的平台
20.04	focal	x86_64, aarch64/arm64, s390x
22.04	jammy	x86_64, aarch64/arm64, s390x
22.10	kinetic	x86_64, aarch64/arm64
23.04	lunar	x86_64, aarch64/arm64

可以从以下位置安装该包：

默认的 Ubuntu 存储库。这是最快的方法，但通常提供的包已过时。
nginx.org 上的官方存储库。第一次必须设置 apt-get 存储库，但之后提供的包始终是最新的。

从 Ubuntu 存储库安装预构建的 Ubuntu 包

更新 Ubuntu 存储库信息：

sudo apt-get update

安装包：

sudo apt-get install nginx

验证安装：

sudo nginx -v

日志如下：

nginx version: nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)

直接访问

$ curl http://localhost<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>body {width: 35em;margin: 0 auto;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

常见操作命令

1. 查看状态

查看 Nginx 状态（检查是否正在运行）：

   sudo systemctl status nginx

如下：

 nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy serverLoaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:38:03 CST; 4min 2s agoDocs: man:nginx(8)Process: 1537 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Process: 1538 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 1645 (nginx)Tasks: 17 (limit: 9362)Memory: 18.0MCGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service├─1645 "nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;"├─1648 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1649 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1650 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1651 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1652 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1653 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1654 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1655 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1656 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1657 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1658 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1659 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1660 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1661 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >├─1662 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >└─1663 "nginx: worker process" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" >May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...

2. 启停 nginx

启动 Nginx

   sudo systemctl start nginx

可以状态确认：

$ sudo systemctl status nginx$ sudo systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy serverLoaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:44:40 CST; 11s agoDocs: man:nginx(8)Process: 3631 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Process: 3632 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 3633 (nginx)Tasks: 17 (limit: 9362)Memory: 14.1MCGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service...

停止 Nginx

   sudo systemctl stop nginx

停止后查看状态：

$ sudo systemctl status nginx
○ nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy serverLoaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: inactive (dead) since Sat 2024-05-11 10:43:42 CST; 2s agoDocs: man:nginx(8)Process: 3396 ExecStop=/sbin/start-stop-daemon --quiet --stop --retry QUIT/5 --pidfile /run/nginx.pid (code=exited,>Main PID: 1645 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
May 11 10:38:03 d systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: Stopping A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: nginx.service: Deactivated successfully.
May 11 10:43:42 d systemd[1]: Stopped A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.