JS 实现继承的几种方式

在JavaScript中，实现继承的几种方式包括原型链继承、构造函数继承、组合继承、原型式继承、寄生式继承和组合式继承。

原型链继承：

function Parent() {this.name = 'Parent';
}
Parent.prototype.sayHello = function() {console.log('Hello, I am ' + this.name);
};function Child() {}
Child.prototype = new Parent();var child = new Child();
child.sayHello(); // 输出: Hello, I am Parent

构造函数继承：

function Parent() {this.name = 'Parent';
}function Child() {Parent.call(this);
}var child = new Child();
console.log(child.name); // 输出: Parent

组合继承：

function Parent() {this.name = 'Parent';
}
Parent.prototype.sayHello = function() {console.log('Hello, I am ' + this.name);
};function Child() {Parent.call(this);
}
Child.prototype = new Parent();
Child.prototype.constructor = Child;var child = new Child();
child.sayHello(); // 输出: Hello, I am Parent

原型式继承：

function object(o) {function F() {}F.prototype = o;return new F();
}var parent = {name: 'Parent',sayHello: function() {console.log('Hello, I am ' + this.name);}
};var child = object(parent);
child.sayHello(); // 输出: Hello, I am Parent

寄生式继承：

function createAnother(original) {var clone = Object.create(original);clone.sayHello = function() {console.log('Hello, I am ' + this.name);};return clone;
}var parent = {name: 'Parent'
};var child = createAnother(parent);
child.sayHello(); // 输出: Hello, I am Parent

组合式继承：

function Parent(name) {this.name = name;
}
Parent.prototype.sayHello = function() {console.log('Hello, I am ' + this.name);
};function Child(name) {Parent.call(this, name);
}
Child.prototype = Object.create(Parent.prototype);
Child.prototype.constructor = Child;var child = new Child('Child');
child.sayHello(); // 输出: Hello, I am Child