以下是英文中数字读法的详细规则,涵盖基本数字、大数字、小数、分数、序数词及特殊场景(如电话号码、年份、金额等):
一、基本数字(0-10)
数字 | 基数词(Cardinal) | 序数词(Ordinal) | 缩写 |
---|---|---|---|
0 | zero | - | - |
1 | one | first | 1st |
2 | two | second | 2nd |
3 | three | third | 3rd |
4 | four | fourth | 4th |
5 | five | fifth | 5th |
6 | six | sixth | 6th |
7 | seven | seventh | 7th |
8 | eight | eighth | 8th |
9 | nine | ninth | 9th |
10 | ten | tenth | 10th |
二、复杂数字的读法
1. 大数字(分段规则)
-
千位分隔符:英文用逗号(
,
)分隔每三位,从右向左。1,000
→ “one thousand”10,000
→ “ten thousand”100,000
→ “one hundred thousand”1,000,000
→ “one million”
-
百万(Million)、十亿(Billion):
- 英式英语中,1 billion = 1万亿(现已少用),美式英语中 1 billion = 10亿(国际通用)。
1,500,000
→ “one million five hundred thousand”3,000,000,000
→ “three billion”
2. 小数(Decimals)
- 小数点读作 “point”,后续数字逐个读出:
0.5
→ “zero point five”3.14
→ “three point one four”10.05
→ “ten point zero five”
3. 分数(Fractions)
- 分子用基数词,分母用序数词(分母≥2时加复数):
1/2
→ “one half” 或 “a half”1/3
→ “one third”3/4
→ “three quarters” 或 “three fourths”(美式)5/8
→ “five eighths”
4. 百分数(Percentages)
- 符号
%
读作 “percent”:50%
→ “fifty percent”0.75%
→ “zero point seven five percent”
三、特殊场景的读法
1. 电话号码
- 逐个数字读出,连续重复数字可加 “double” 或 “triple”:
020-7946-0816
→ “zero two zero, seven nine four six, zero eight one six”777-1234
→ “triple seven, one two three four”
2. 年份
- 分两段读(四位年份):
1999
→ “nineteen ninety-nine”2005
→ “two thousand and five” 或 “twenty oh-five”2020
→ “twenty twenty”公元前300年
→ “300 BC”(读作 “three hundred BC”)
3. 金额(Money)
- 货币符号在前,数字读法加单位:
$4.99
→ “four dollars and ninety-nine cents”£10.50
→ “ten pounds fifty” 或 “ten pounds and fifty pence”€1,000
→ “one thousand euros”
4. 温度(Temperature)
- 单位符号在后,读法加 “degrees”:
25°C
→ “twenty-five degrees Celsius”32°F
→ “thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit”
四、序数词规则
- 一般规则:基数词 + 后缀 -th(注意不规则变化):
4 → fourth
,10 → tenth
,12 → twelfth
21 → twenty-first
(仅最后一位变序数)
- 缩写形式:数字 + 最后两个字母(如
1st
,2nd
,3rd
,4th
)。
五、注意事项
- 零的不同读法:
- 数字
0
可读作 zero(正式)、oh(口语,如房间号Room 101
→ “Room one oh one”)、nought(英式,如0.5
→ “nought point five”)。
- 数字
- 避免歧义:
1200
可读作 “twelve hundred”(口语)或 “one thousand two hundred”(正式)。
- 美式与英式差异:
- 楼层编号:英式
ground floor
(一楼),美式first floor
(一楼)。
- 楼层编号:英式
六、练习示例
- 大数字:
12,345,678
→ “twelve million three hundred forty-five thousand six hundred seventy-eight” - 年份:
1812
→ “eighteen twelve”(战争名) - 金额:
¥5000
→ “five thousand yen” - 温度:
-5°C
→ “minus five degrees Celsius”
掌握这些规则后,可以更自信地读写英文中的各类数字!