Unity复刻胡闹厨房复盘模块一新输入系统订阅链与重绑定

        本文仅作学习交流，不做任何商业用途

        郑重感谢siki老师的汉化教程与代码猴的免费教程以及搬运烤肉的小伙伴

                                                          版本：Unity6

                                                          模板：3D 核心

                                                          渲染管线：URP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在此之前你应该对新输入系统有一定的了解，关于新输入系统的用法与解释：Unity新输入系统之 InputAction（输入配置文件最基本的单位）_unity inputaction-CSDN博客

关于新输入系统的简单实战：Unity 新输入系统实战控制2D角色移动动画（俯视）-CSDN博客

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入编辑

2.自定义操作按键

3.按键重绑

4 .重绑定后的保存与读取

全局概览

我将输入管理类命名为GameInput 其创建时候就写为了单例模式，因为但凡是拥有全局唯一实例的类或者是该类的生命周期占据了整个场景就应该写为单例模式

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入

对于新输入系统的创建与生成C#文件我便不再赘述，Unity6自带

你可以在InputAction看到其已经定义好了很多内容

首先声明输入系统的C#类然后开启

action = new InputSystem_Actions();action.Enable();

直接读取输入值可以看到Move这一Action是Value的动作类型以及Vector2的控制类型

因此代码就可以直接这么写：

   public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();//float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);move = move.normalized;return move;}

至于为什么返回单位化后的向量可以看这一篇，其并不是本文的重点：Unity中的数学应用之角色移动中单位化向量的妙用（小学难度）-CSDN博客

2.自定义操作按键

这里有个前置知识点：发布者-订阅模式的特点就是发布者发布事件与调用，订阅者只需要订阅上就完事了

对于此部分可以自定义Action为Button类型

对于具体按键可以勾选分类：

代码是这么写的：

    private static GameInput instance;public static GameInput Instance => instance;private InputSystem_Actions action;public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;private void Awake() {if (instance == null) {instance = this;}else {Destroy(instance);}action = new InputSystem_Actions();if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;}private void OnDestroy() {action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;action.Dispose();}private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}

解释：下面部分是对按键手势(Action)的订阅

        action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;

订阅的谁呢？是如下三个函数注意其参数都是自动生成的

 private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}

而三个函数内又包裹了一层C#提供可传参委托

其参数sender代表事件的发布者也就是GameIput类本身

e是EventArgs类型或者派生自EventArgs的类型,通常用于传递和事件相关的信息,这里传值为EventArgs.Empty 也就是空

也就是他们三个

public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;

所以对于他们三个的调用也就嵌在了对新输入系统手势的订阅上

那么谁去订阅呢？Player 你会发现Player这里又是一层封装？但不是委托与事件

BaseCounter 是柜台基类我们以后会讲，curCounter用于存储当前玩家获得的柜台

       private BaseCounter curCounter;void Start() {//Application.targetFrameRate = 60;this.HoldPoints = transform.Find("PlayerHoldPoint");GameInput.Instance.interact += OnInterAction;GameInput.Instance.operater += OnOperaterAction;}private void OnInterAction(object sender, EventArgs s) {curCounter?.Interact(this);}private void OnOperaterAction(object sender, EventArgs e) {curCounter?.InteractOperater(this);}

Interact与InteractOperater的定义在柜台类基类之中是两个虚方法，由子类去实现

using UnityEngine;public class BaseCounter : FoodObjcetHolder {[SerializeField] protected Transform SelectPrefab;public void SelectPrefabSecureAssign(string name) {if (SelectPrefab == null) {SelectPrefab = transform.Find(name);}}public virtual void Interact(Player player) {Debug.Log("未对父类进行重写");}public virtual void InteractOperater(Player player) {}public void CounterSelect() {SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(true);}public void CounterUnSelect() {SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(false);}}

子类实现我们不去考虑，目前对于一个按键的订阅链我们已经整理完了

由下图所示

你要说这不是脱了裤子放p吗？其实不然其道理在于

如果只是GameInput类自我消化只需要第一条黑线但是GameInput类要与Player类进行交互而事件的发布订阅解决了这个问题，所以有了第二条黑线

Player也不负责执行柜台的逻辑所以就需要第三条黑线

3.按键重绑

这个的原理如下

1.获取对应的Action下的按键

action.Player.Move;action.Player.Interact;action.Player.Operater;action.Player.Pause;

2.通过对应的索引去得到对应值键也就是下图

在回调函数中执行其他办法，注意最后那个Start（）方法一定要开启不然没有任何反应

     actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();

先别管actionKey，也别管函数块内部做了什么，重点下面这个API是重绑定的关键：

PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete

做了一个枚举去得到所有不同的输入

public enum E_BindingKey{ w,a,s,d,e,f,esc
}

重新绑定只需要传入一个枚举值，就可以

  public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");action.Player.Disable(); InputAction actionKey = null;int index = -1;switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:index = 2;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.a:index = 6;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.s:index = 4;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.d:index = 8;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.e:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Interact;break;case E_BindingKey.f:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Operater;break;case E_BindingKey.esc:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Pause;break;default:break;}if(actionKey != null) {actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();}else{Debug.Log("actionKey为空");}//actionKey.Dispose();}

4 .重绑定后的保存与读取

重新加载会将场景所有类的内存回收，但是存在本地的可以持久化，因此无论是何种持久化方式都可以通过如下两个API去存取成json字符串

这里用PlayerPrefs演示

写入：

PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());

读取：

   action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));

至于放在哪里不用我多说了相信你对unity的生命周期并不陌生

全局概览

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.InputSystem;
public enum E_BindingKey{ w,a,s,d,e,f,esc
}
public class GameInput : MonoBehaviour {private const string PLAYERBDINGINFO = "PLAYERBDINGINFO";private static GameInput instance;public static GameInput Instance => instance;private InputSystem_Actions action;public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;private void Awake() {if (instance == null) {instance = this;}else {Destroy(instance);}action = new InputSystem_Actions();if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;}private void OnDestroy() {action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;action.Dispose();}private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}/// <summary>/// 读取输入/// </summary>/// <returns>移动朝向</returns>public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();//float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);move = move.normalized;return move;}public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");action.Player.Disable(); InputAction actionKey = null;int index = -1;switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:index = 2;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.a:index = 6;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.s:index = 4;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.d:index = 8;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.e:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Interact;break;case E_BindingKey.f:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Operater;break;case E_BindingKey.esc:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Pause;break;default:break;}if(actionKey != null) {actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();}else{Debug.Log("actionKey为空");}//actionKey.Dispose();}public string GetBindingKey(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:return action.Player.Move.bindings[2].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.a:return action.Player.Move.bindings[6].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.s:return action.Player.Move.bindings[4].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.d:return action.Player.Move.bindings[8].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.e:return action.Player.Interact.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.f:return action.Player.Operater.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.esc:return action.Player.Pause.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();default:return "";}}
}