目录
一、准备工作
二、简易文本邮件发送的实现
2.1 步骤
2.2 代码
三、复杂文件内容的发送
3.1 文件构成解析
3.2 包含图片的发送
3.3 包含附件的发送
四、实战
4.1 jsp动态页面
4.2 实体类POJO
4.3 Servlet
4.4 注册Servlet
4.5 发送邮箱核心类
一、准备工作
1、jar包支持:mail.jar和activation.jar
2、授权码的获取
二、简易文本邮件发送的实现
2.1 步骤
1、创建Session对象
2、创建Transport对象
3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮箱服务器
4、创建一个Message对象(需要传递session)
message需要指明发件人、收件人以及文件内容
5、发送邮件
6、关闭连接
2.2 代码
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;public class MailDemo01 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Properties prop=new Properties();prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");///设置QQ邮件服务器prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");///邮件发送协议prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码//QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);//使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤//1.创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象Session session=Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication("XXXX@qq.com","授权码");}});//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态session.setDebug(true);//2.通过session得到transport对象Transport ts=session.getTransport();//3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","XXXX@qq.com","授权码");//4.创建邮件:写文件//注意需要传递sessionMimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);//指明邮件的发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("XXXX@qq.com"));//指明邮件的收件人message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("XXXX@qq.com"));//邮件标题message.setSubject("发送的标题");//邮件的文本内容message.setContent("内容","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//5.发送邮件ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());//6.关闭连接ts.close();}
}
三、复杂文件内容的发送
3.1 文件构成解析
每一个文本、图片、附件可以分为一个MimeBodyPart,最后由MimeMultipart完成组装
3.2 包含图片的发送
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Properties;public class MailDemo02 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Properties prop=new Properties();prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");///设置QQ邮件服务器prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");///邮件发送协议prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码//QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);//使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤//1.创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象Session session=Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication("11927XXX@qq.com","授权码");}});//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态session.setDebug(true);//2.通过session得到transport对象Transport ts=session.getTransport();//3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","11927XXX@qq.com","授权码");//4.创建邮件:写文件//注意需要传递sessionMimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);//指明邮件的发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("11927XXX@qq.com"));//指明邮件的收件人message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("11927XXX@qq.com"));//邮件标题message.setSubject("java发出");//邮件的文本内容//=================================准备图片数据=======================================MimeBodyPart image=new MimeBodyPart();//图片需要经过数据化的处理DataHandler dh=new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Bert\\1594126632(1).jpg"));//在part中放入这个处理过图片的数据image.setDataHandler(dh);//给这个part设置一个ID名字image.setContentID("bz.jpg");//准备正文的数据MimeBodyPart text=new MimeBodyPart();text.setContent("这是一张正文<img src='cid:bz.jpg'>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//描述数据关系MimeMultipart mm=new MimeMultipart();mm.addBodyPart(text);mm.addBodyPart(image);mm.setSubType("related");//设置到消息中,保存修改message.setContent(mm);message.saveChanges();//5.发送邮件ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());//6.关闭连接ts.close();}
}
3.3 包含附件的发送
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import java.util.Properties;public class MailDemo03 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Properties prop=new Properties();prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");///设置QQ邮件服务器prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");///邮件发送协议prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码//QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);//使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤//1.创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象Session session=Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication("1192XXXX@qq.com","授权码");}});//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态session.setDebug(true);//2.通过session得到transport对象Transport ts=session.getTransport();//3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","1192XXXX@qq.com","授权码");//4.创建邮件:写文件//注意需要传递sessionMimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);//指明邮件的发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("1192XXXX@qq.com"));//指明邮件的收件人message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("1192XXXX@qq.com"));//邮件标题message.setSubject("java发出");//邮件的文本内容//=================================准备图片数据MimeBodyPart image=new MimeBodyPart();//图片需要经过数据化的处理DataHandler dh=new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Bert\\1594126632(1).jpg"));//在part中放入这个处理过图片的数据image.setDataHandler(dh);//给这个part设置一个ID名字image.setContentID("bz.jpg");//=================================准备正文数据MimeBodyPart text=new MimeBodyPart();text.setContent("这是一张正文<img src='cid:bz.jpg'>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//=================================准备附件数据MimeBodyPart body1= new MimeBodyPart();body1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Bert\\cmd.txt")));body1.setFileName("1.txt");//描述数据关系MimeMultipart mm=new MimeMultipart();mm.addBodyPart(body1);mm.addBodyPart(text);mm.addBodyPart(image);mm.setSubType("mixed");//设置到消息中,保存修改message.setContent(mm);message.saveChanges();//5.发送邮件ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());//6.关闭连接ts.close();}
}
四、实战
4.1 jsp动态页面
index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">用户名:<input type="text" name="username">密码:<input type="text" name="pwd">邮箱:<input type="text" name="email"><input type="submit" value="注册"></form>
</body>
</html>
4.2 实体类POJO
public class User {private String username;private String password;private String email;public User() {}public User(String username, String password, String email) {this.username = username;this.password = password;this.email = email;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"username='" + username + '\'' +", password='" + password + '\'' +", email='" + email + '\'' +'}';}
}
4.3 Servlet
import cn.csn.MailDemo01.pojo.User;
import cn.csn.MailDemo01.utils.Sendmail;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {@Overrideprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {String username=req.getParameter("username");String password=req.getParameter("pwd");String email=req.getParameter("email");User user=new User(username,password,email);Sendmail send=new Sendmail(user);send.start();System.out.println("success");}@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {doPost(req, resp);}
}
4.4 注册Servlet
绑定路径
<servlet><servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>cn.csn.MailDemo01.servlet.RegisterServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/RegisterServlet.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
4.5 发送邮箱核心类
可放在utils目录下
import cn.csn.MailDemo01.pojo.User;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;public class Sendmail extends Thread {private String from="XXX@qq.com";private String host="smtp.qq.com";private User user;public Sendmail(User user){this.user=user;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {Properties prop=new Properties();prop.setProperty("mail.host",host);///设置QQ邮件服务器prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");///邮件发送协议prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码//QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);//使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤//1.创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象Session session= Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication(from,"授权码");}});//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态session.setDebug(true);//2.通过session得到transport对象Transport ts=session.getTransport();//3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器ts.connect(host,from,"授权码");//4.创建邮件:写文件//注意需要传递sessionMimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);//指明邮件的发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));//指明邮件的收件人message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));//邮件标题message.setSubject("注册通知");//邮件的文本内容message.setContent("恭喜你("+user.getUsername()+")成功注册!"+"密码:"+user.getPassword(),"text/html;charset=UTF-8");//5.发送邮件ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());//6.关闭连接ts.close();}catch (Exception e){System.out.println(e);}}
}
此处引入多线程的目的是提高用户的体验,防止因发送文件时间过长,导致前端响应过久。