一 、关于vector

在STL中有一个称为vector的数据结构，可以用来代替数组。

定义Book特性

    private:vector<string> shelf_books;

Notic :  类中不能使用类似的定义：vector<sttring> shelf_boos( 10 );

定义Book方法

    public:void setName(string name){shelf_books.push_back(name);}string getName(unsigned short idx){if (idx < shelf_books.size())return shelf_books[idx];elsereturn "NULL";}unsigned short getSize(void){return shelf_books.size();}vector<string>& getVector(){return shelf_books;}void display_all(void){unsigned short idx = 0U;cout << "There are " << shelf_books.size() << " books:" << endl;for(string name : shelf_books){cout << name << endl;}}

测试：

    Book book;book.setName("Issta");book.setName("Gao");book.setName("Hello");book.setName("你好");book.display_all();cout << "--------------------------------" << endl;vector<string>& b_v = book.getVector();for(string _name : b_v){cout << _name << endl;}cout << "--------------------------------" << endl;for(unsigned short idx = 0; idx < book.getSize(); idx++){cout << book.getName(idx) << endl;}cout << "--------------------------------" << endl;

输出：

二、静态vector与iterator

int key = itr->first; // 从迭代器中获得键
int value = itr->second; // 从迭代器中获得值

代码

   vector<string> wap(5);wap[0] = "激光大炮";wap[1] = "巡航导弹";wap[2] = "喀秋莎";wap[3] = "导弹";wap[4] = "东风快递使命必达";for(int i = 0; i < wap.size(); i++){cout << wap[i] << endl;}cout << "Next using iterator..." << endl;vector<string>::iterator  wap_itr = wap.begin();vector<string>::iterator  wap_itr_end = wap.end();for(;  wap_itr != wap_itr_end; ++wap_itr){cout  << *wap_itr << endl;}cout << "--------------------------------" << endl;

测试结果

三、map与iterator

特征

    private:map<string, string> name_to_email;

属性

       void add_context(string name, string email){name_to_email["issta"] = "issta0309@163.com";name_to_email[name] = email;}void  show_email(void){if(!name_to_email.empty()){cout <<  "there are :" << name_to_email.size() << endl;cout << name_to_email["issta"] << endl;cout << name_to_email["Lucy"] << endl;}cout << "Now using iterator..." << endl;map<string, string>::iterator  map_itr = name_to_email.begin();map<string, string>::iterator  map_itr_end = name_to_email.end();for(;  map_itr != map_itr_end; ++map_itr){cout  << map_itr->first << " --> " << map_itr->second << endl;}map<string, string>::iterator  find_itr = name_to_email.find("Lucy");if(find_itr != map_itr_end){cout << "Lucy's email address is : " << find_itr->second << endl;}name_to_email.clear();if(name_to_email.empty()){cout << "clear successful!" << endl;}

测试代码

    book.add_context("Lucy", "glb_moonkey@soho.com");book.show_email();

运行结果